Lesson 5.2 Notesheet
... 1. How do organisms that live in hypotonic environments control their cellular water intake? _________________________________________________________________ Facilitated Diffusion 1. How do molecules pass through the membrane during facilitated diffusion? ___________________________________________ ...
... 1. How do organisms that live in hypotonic environments control their cellular water intake? _________________________________________________________________ Facilitated Diffusion 1. How do molecules pass through the membrane during facilitated diffusion? ___________________________________________ ...
Transport in Bacterial Cells
... • Higher potential energy of water • Higher concentration of water molecules that have free energy of movement ...
... • Higher potential energy of water • Higher concentration of water molecules that have free energy of movement ...
Cell Membrane
... proteins: allow molecules to move through them without requiring energy • Active transporters: use energy to pump molecules “uphill” across the membrane ...
... proteins: allow molecules to move through them without requiring energy • Active transporters: use energy to pump molecules “uphill” across the membrane ...
Lecture, Cell Membrane Structure and Function
... Molecule characteristics do not allow it to pass through hydrophobic part of cell membrane Diffusion = high low concentration ...
... Molecule characteristics do not allow it to pass through hydrophobic part of cell membrane Diffusion = high low concentration ...
Document
... Are told to contract by “firing” of motor neurons in the spinal cord Each motor neuron branches and innervates a set of muscle fibers creating a “motor unit” The fibers in a given motor unit all fire about the same time, generating a large electric field The measurement of this field is the ...
... Are told to contract by “firing” of motor neurons in the spinal cord Each motor neuron branches and innervates a set of muscle fibers creating a “motor unit” The fibers in a given motor unit all fire about the same time, generating a large electric field The measurement of this field is the ...
Chem331 Lect 14 Membranes
... Transverse asymmetry—the inner and outer leaflet of a membrane may have different protein and lipid compositions Example: Typical animal cell—amine-containing phospholipids enriched in the cytoplasmic (inner) leaflet of the plasma membrane, and choline containing phospholipids and sphingolipids enri ...
... Transverse asymmetry—the inner and outer leaflet of a membrane may have different protein and lipid compositions Example: Typical animal cell—amine-containing phospholipids enriched in the cytoplasmic (inner) leaflet of the plasma membrane, and choline containing phospholipids and sphingolipids enri ...
THE EUKARYOTIC CELL
... Most eukaryotic cells also contain other membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria, chloroplasts, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus. ...
... Most eukaryotic cells also contain other membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria, chloroplasts, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus. ...
AP Biology - gwbiology
... An amphipathic molecule has both a hydrophilic region and a hydrophobic region meaning it has both polar and non polar regions such as phospholipids. 3. How is the fluidity of cell’s membrane maintained? The fluidity of a cell is affected by various factors including temperature. The membrane is hel ...
... An amphipathic molecule has both a hydrophilic region and a hydrophobic region meaning it has both polar and non polar regions such as phospholipids. 3. How is the fluidity of cell’s membrane maintained? The fluidity of a cell is affected by various factors including temperature. The membrane is hel ...
Beats rhythmically to move fluids across cell surface
... II. The Cell Membrane A. Cell membrane functions include: ...
... II. The Cell Membrane A. Cell membrane functions include: ...
Taxonomy and Systematics: Seeking Order Amidst Diversity
... Cytosol = cytoplasm minus organelles Vacuoles often account for 90% of a plant’s volume, but they are never shared by adjacent cells Substances can move from cell to cell via the symplastic, apoplastic, or transmembrane routes Solutes tend to diffuse down concentration gradients Passive transport is ...
... Cytosol = cytoplasm minus organelles Vacuoles often account for 90% of a plant’s volume, but they are never shared by adjacent cells Substances can move from cell to cell via the symplastic, apoplastic, or transmembrane routes Solutes tend to diffuse down concentration gradients Passive transport is ...
Introduction to electrolysis MAIN POINTS • Electrolysis is
... (ii) Due to high concentration of an electrolyte, its anion may be discharged in preference to a less electronegative ion, for example, with concentrated aqueous sodium chloride Cl- ions are discharged in preference to OH- ions (from water) 2Cl = Cl2 + 2e (iii) The type of electrode. In some cases, ...
... (ii) Due to high concentration of an electrolyte, its anion may be discharged in preference to a less electronegative ion, for example, with concentrated aqueous sodium chloride Cl- ions are discharged in preference to OH- ions (from water) 2Cl = Cl2 + 2e (iii) The type of electrode. In some cases, ...
No Slide Title - Biology Junction
... water movement when the solute concentration outside the cell is lower than inside ...
... water movement when the solute concentration outside the cell is lower than inside ...
General Biology Notes 9 The Cell Membrane (pages 204, 205, 208
... a. Diffusion is the natural tendency of solutes to move from an area where they are _______________ concentrated to an area where they are less _________________ b. This is a very important process because, as we will see, it is largely responsible for getting __________ and _____________ into the c ...
... a. Diffusion is the natural tendency of solutes to move from an area where they are _______________ concentrated to an area where they are less _________________ b. This is a very important process because, as we will see, it is largely responsible for getting __________ and _____________ into the c ...
暨 南 大 学 考 试 试 卷
... 46) What external aids can be used to help a hyperopic eye compensate for distance vision? A. A convex lens placed in front of the eye B. A concave lens placed in front of the eye C. A cylindrical lens placed in front of the eye D. Eyeglasses that are partially opaque, to reduce the light intensity ...
... 46) What external aids can be used to help a hyperopic eye compensate for distance vision? A. A convex lens placed in front of the eye B. A concave lens placed in front of the eye C. A cylindrical lens placed in front of the eye D. Eyeglasses that are partially opaque, to reduce the light intensity ...
Homeostasis & Transport
... • The movement of substances from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration until equilibrium is reached ...
... • The movement of substances from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration until equilibrium is reached ...
8.2 Cell Transport
... • Moves against the concentration gradient – move from low concentration to high concentration ...
... • Moves against the concentration gradient – move from low concentration to high concentration ...
NOTES 2 Membrane_Transport - MacWilliams Biology
... 1. Diffusion through protein channels a. channels move specific molecules across cell membrane facilitated = with help b. NO energy needed ...
... 1. Diffusion through protein channels a. channels move specific molecules across cell membrane facilitated = with help b. NO energy needed ...
Membrane potential
Membrane potential (also transmembrane potential or membrane voltage) is the difference in electric potential between the interior and the exterior of a biological cell. With respect to the exterior of the cell, typical values of membrane potential range from –40 mV to –80 mV.All animal cells are surrounded by a membrane composed of a lipid bilayer with proteins embedded in it. The membrane serves as both an insulator and a diffusion barrier to the movement of ions. Ion transporter/pump proteins actively push ions across the membrane and establish concentration gradients across the membrane, and ion channels allow ions to move across the membrane down those concentration gradients. Ion pumps and ion channels are electrically equivalent to a set of batteries and resistors inserted in the membrane, and therefore create a voltage difference between the two sides of the membrane.Virtually all eukaryotic cells (including cells from animals, plants, and fungi) maintain a non-zero transmembrane potential, usually with a negative voltage in the cell interior as compared to the cell exterior ranging from –40 mV to –80 mV. The membrane potential has two basic functions. First, it allows a cell to function as a battery, providing power to operate a variety of ""molecular devices"" embedded in the membrane. Second, in electrically excitable cells such as neurons and muscle cells, it is used for transmitting signals between different parts of a cell. Signals are generated by opening or closing of ion channels at one point in the membrane, producing a local change in the membrane potential. This change in the electric field can be quickly affected by either adjacent or more distant ion channels in the membrane. Those ion channels can then open or close as a result of the potential change, reproducing the signal.In non-excitable cells, and in excitable cells in their baseline states, the membrane potential is held at a relatively stable value, called the resting potential. For neurons, typical values of the resting potential range from –70 to –80 millivolts; that is, the interior of a cell has a negative baseline voltage of a bit less than one-tenth of a volt. The opening and closing of ion channels can induce a departure from the resting potential. This is called a depolarization if the interior voltage becomes less negative (say from –70 mV to –60 mV), or a hyperpolarization if the interior voltage becomes more negative (say from –70 mV to –80 mV). In excitable cells, a sufficiently large depolarization can evoke an action potential, in which the membrane potential changes rapidly and significantly for a short time (on the order of 1 to 100 milliseconds), often reversing its polarity. Action potentials are generated by the activation of certain voltage-gated ion channels.In neurons, the factors that influence the membrane potential are diverse. They include numerous types of ion channels, some of which are chemically gated and some of which are voltage-gated. Because voltage-gated ion channels are controlled by the membrane potential, while the membrane potential itself is influenced by these same ion channels, feedback loops that allow for complex temporal dynamics arise, including oscillations and regenerative events such as action potentials.