Chapter 4 - Warren`s Science Page
... into the solution with lower concentration 3 possibilities for the direction of water ...
... into the solution with lower concentration 3 possibilities for the direction of water ...
September 26 AP Biology - John D. O`Bryant School of Math & Science
... B) The two membranes are biochemically very different. C) The space between the two layers of the nuclear membrane is larger. D) The inner membrane of the mitochondrion is separated out into thylakoids. E) The inner mitochondrial membrane is devoid of nearly all proteins. ...
... B) The two membranes are biochemically very different. C) The space between the two layers of the nuclear membrane is larger. D) The inner membrane of the mitochondrion is separated out into thylakoids. E) The inner mitochondrial membrane is devoid of nearly all proteins. ...
AP Bio membranes
... • Some materials pass through protein channels, while others bind to the protein and are physically moved across. Ex) glucose enters liver cells by very selective transport proteins ...
... • Some materials pass through protein channels, while others bind to the protein and are physically moved across. Ex) glucose enters liver cells by very selective transport proteins ...
WATER AND THE MAJOR IONS
... 6. Water can act as both hydrogen donor and hydrogen acceptor i.e. acid and base, the basis of which it acts as a solvent to compounds which can also accept or donate protons themselves for H-binding with Water. ...
... 6. Water can act as both hydrogen donor and hydrogen acceptor i.e. acid and base, the basis of which it acts as a solvent to compounds which can also accept or donate protons themselves for H-binding with Water. ...
Nervous System
... a) There is a high concentration of Na+ outside the membrane and a high concentration of K+ inside the membrane. b) There are large numbers of negative ions inside the cell. c) In a resting cell, more positive ions leave the cell than enter. Therefore, the outside of the membrane develops a positive ...
... a) There is a high concentration of Na+ outside the membrane and a high concentration of K+ inside the membrane. b) There are large numbers of negative ions inside the cell. c) In a resting cell, more positive ions leave the cell than enter. Therefore, the outside of the membrane develops a positive ...
File
... • Action potentials are caused by an exchange of ions across the neuron membrane. • The action potential is an explosion of electrical activity that is created by a depolarizing current ...
... • Action potentials are caused by an exchange of ions across the neuron membrane. • The action potential is an explosion of electrical activity that is created by a depolarizing current ...
Plasma Membrane
... The opposite of endocytosis is exocytosis. Large molecules that are manufactured in the cell are released through the cell membrane. ...
... The opposite of endocytosis is exocytosis. Large molecules that are manufactured in the cell are released through the cell membrane. ...
R 3.3
... The cell membrane forms a boundary that separates the inside of a cell from the outside environment. It plays an active role by controlling the passage of materials into and out of a cell and by responding to signals. The membrane is made of molecules called phospholipids, which consist of three par ...
... The cell membrane forms a boundary that separates the inside of a cell from the outside environment. It plays an active role by controlling the passage of materials into and out of a cell and by responding to signals. The membrane is made of molecules called phospholipids, which consist of three par ...
Ch10 Reading Guide
... FF. An axonal hillock is ____________________________________________________ GG. An axon is specialized to carry __________________________________________ HH. The cytoplasm of an axon includes _______________________________________ II. Collaterals are _____________________________________________ ...
... FF. An axonal hillock is ____________________________________________________ GG. An axon is specialized to carry __________________________________________ HH. The cytoplasm of an axon includes _______________________________________ II. Collaterals are _____________________________________________ ...
Study Guide Answers
... 19. Passive transport moves molecules down the concentration gradient, while active transport moves molecules against the concentration gradient. 20. Cells shrink in hypertonic solutions because there is a high concentration of water inside the cell, so water moves out. 21. Cells swell in hypotonic ...
... 19. Passive transport moves molecules down the concentration gradient, while active transport moves molecules against the concentration gradient. 20. Cells shrink in hypertonic solutions because there is a high concentration of water inside the cell, so water moves out. 21. Cells swell in hypotonic ...
Chapter 12: Neural Tissue
... • Transmembrane potential rises or falls: – in response to temporary changes in membrane permeability – resulting from opening or closing specific membrane channels ...
... • Transmembrane potential rises or falls: – in response to temporary changes in membrane permeability – resulting from opening or closing specific membrane channels ...
CELL MEMBRANE
... water both inside and outside the cell. • Phospholipid tails are hydrophobic (water hating) they orient toward each other ...
... water both inside and outside the cell. • Phospholipid tails are hydrophobic (water hating) they orient toward each other ...
Chapter 7: Membrane Structure and Function
... Why is facilitated diffusion considered passive transport? Facilitated diffusion is still passive because solutes move down its concentrated gradient. Interactive Question 7.9 The Na+-K+ pump, the major electrogenic pump in animal cells, exchanges sodium ions for potassium ions, both of which are ca ...
... Why is facilitated diffusion considered passive transport? Facilitated diffusion is still passive because solutes move down its concentrated gradient. Interactive Question 7.9 The Na+-K+ pump, the major electrogenic pump in animal cells, exchanges sodium ions for potassium ions, both of which are ca ...
Homeostasis and Diffusion quiz B
... the kinetic energy of molecules. ion channels. carrier proteins. energy from the cell in the form of ATP ...
... the kinetic energy of molecules. ion channels. carrier proteins. energy from the cell in the form of ATP ...
Complete Nervous System Worksheet
... As soon as the action potential has move on, the axon undergoes a refractory period. At this time the sodium gates are unable to open. This ensures that the action potential cannot move backwards and always moves down an axon to the axon branches B. Transmission of a Nerve Impulse Between two Differ ...
... As soon as the action potential has move on, the axon undergoes a refractory period. At this time the sodium gates are unable to open. This ensures that the action potential cannot move backwards and always moves down an axon to the axon branches B. Transmission of a Nerve Impulse Between two Differ ...
permeability of cell membrane (red blood cell
... cell through the plasma membrane. Some molecules, usually of small size, are able to diffuse passively through the cell membrane from areas of high concentration to low concentration. Organic molecules, such as glucose and amino acids and certain ions move through the plasma membrane either with or ...
... cell through the plasma membrane. Some molecules, usually of small size, are able to diffuse passively through the cell membrane from areas of high concentration to low concentration. Organic molecules, such as glucose and amino acids and certain ions move through the plasma membrane either with or ...
Peripheral nervous system
... becomes more positive and becomes depolarized (not as negative) causing the nerve to send an electrical signal action potential AKA nerve impulse Sodium voltage-gated ion channels open and Na+ rushes in make the inside very + ...
... becomes more positive and becomes depolarized (not as negative) causing the nerve to send an electrical signal action potential AKA nerve impulse Sodium voltage-gated ion channels open and Na+ rushes in make the inside very + ...
Physio lecture 9 Membrane and Action Potentials
... • Which force is greater? • The larger force wins! Every cell has a separation of charge; the #1 reason is the leakiness of K. It leaks out all the time, and the Na pushes K back in. We use this electricity to do work. Blood pressure, peristalsis of intestines, muscles, etc, use this electricity for ...
... • Which force is greater? • The larger force wins! Every cell has a separation of charge; the #1 reason is the leakiness of K. It leaks out all the time, and the Na pushes K back in. We use this electricity to do work. Blood pressure, peristalsis of intestines, muscles, etc, use this electricity for ...
The Plasma Membrane
... • Cholesterol keeps the fatty acid tails from sticking together, keeps the membrane stable. ...
... • Cholesterol keeps the fatty acid tails from sticking together, keeps the membrane stable. ...
Cell membrane ppt Plasma mb ppt
... • Allows cells to maintain a different environment inside vs. outside the cell ...
... • Allows cells to maintain a different environment inside vs. outside the cell ...
12 Steps to Muscle Contraction
... sarcolemma 3. The binding Ach causes depolarization of the sarcolemma by opening ion channels and allowing Na+ ions into the muscle cell. 4. Na+ ions diffuse into the muscle fiber and depolarization occurs. 5. Depolarization creates a wave of action potential (electrical current) across the sarcolem ...
... sarcolemma 3. The binding Ach causes depolarization of the sarcolemma by opening ion channels and allowing Na+ ions into the muscle cell. 4. Na+ ions diffuse into the muscle fiber and depolarization occurs. 5. Depolarization creates a wave of action potential (electrical current) across the sarcolem ...
Membrane potential
Membrane potential (also transmembrane potential or membrane voltage) is the difference in electric potential between the interior and the exterior of a biological cell. With respect to the exterior of the cell, typical values of membrane potential range from –40 mV to –80 mV.All animal cells are surrounded by a membrane composed of a lipid bilayer with proteins embedded in it. The membrane serves as both an insulator and a diffusion barrier to the movement of ions. Ion transporter/pump proteins actively push ions across the membrane and establish concentration gradients across the membrane, and ion channels allow ions to move across the membrane down those concentration gradients. Ion pumps and ion channels are electrically equivalent to a set of batteries and resistors inserted in the membrane, and therefore create a voltage difference between the two sides of the membrane.Virtually all eukaryotic cells (including cells from animals, plants, and fungi) maintain a non-zero transmembrane potential, usually with a negative voltage in the cell interior as compared to the cell exterior ranging from –40 mV to –80 mV. The membrane potential has two basic functions. First, it allows a cell to function as a battery, providing power to operate a variety of ""molecular devices"" embedded in the membrane. Second, in electrically excitable cells such as neurons and muscle cells, it is used for transmitting signals between different parts of a cell. Signals are generated by opening or closing of ion channels at one point in the membrane, producing a local change in the membrane potential. This change in the electric field can be quickly affected by either adjacent or more distant ion channels in the membrane. Those ion channels can then open or close as a result of the potential change, reproducing the signal.In non-excitable cells, and in excitable cells in their baseline states, the membrane potential is held at a relatively stable value, called the resting potential. For neurons, typical values of the resting potential range from –70 to –80 millivolts; that is, the interior of a cell has a negative baseline voltage of a bit less than one-tenth of a volt. The opening and closing of ion channels can induce a departure from the resting potential. This is called a depolarization if the interior voltage becomes less negative (say from –70 mV to –60 mV), or a hyperpolarization if the interior voltage becomes more negative (say from –70 mV to –80 mV). In excitable cells, a sufficiently large depolarization can evoke an action potential, in which the membrane potential changes rapidly and significantly for a short time (on the order of 1 to 100 milliseconds), often reversing its polarity. Action potentials are generated by the activation of certain voltage-gated ion channels.In neurons, the factors that influence the membrane potential are diverse. They include numerous types of ion channels, some of which are chemically gated and some of which are voltage-gated. Because voltage-gated ion channels are controlled by the membrane potential, while the membrane potential itself is influenced by these same ion channels, feedback loops that allow for complex temporal dynamics arise, including oscillations and regenerative events such as action potentials.