comparing species diversity and evenness indices
... evolution. Although this rather overwhelming amount of possible relations seems somehow too much of a good thing, the importance of diversity remains well established in current ecological theory. One of the most important applications of diversity indices is their usage in the biological assessment ...
... evolution. Although this rather overwhelming amount of possible relations seems somehow too much of a good thing, the importance of diversity remains well established in current ecological theory. One of the most important applications of diversity indices is their usage in the biological assessment ...
True flies (Insecta: Diptera): Diversity and Endemism
... Their diverse feeding habits too have insightful impact on ecosystems and the Earth as a whole. They provide varied ecosystem services. Some specific habitats and food occupied by Diptera of Himachal Pradesh in their larval stages are listed in the table no.1 with an indication of those most likely ...
... Their diverse feeding habits too have insightful impact on ecosystems and the Earth as a whole. They provide varied ecosystem services. Some specific habitats and food occupied by Diptera of Himachal Pradesh in their larval stages are listed in the table no.1 with an indication of those most likely ...
Biotic Resources - City of Pasadena
... continual disruption of the urban environment such as increased nitrogen deposition, air pollution, and ornamental planting. Closer to the mountains, the habitat begins to diversify and birchleaf mountain mahogany (Cercocarpus betuloides), California sagebrush (Artemisia californica), coast live oak ...
... continual disruption of the urban environment such as increased nitrogen deposition, air pollution, and ornamental planting. Closer to the mountains, the habitat begins to diversify and birchleaf mountain mahogany (Cercocarpus betuloides), California sagebrush (Artemisia californica), coast live oak ...
Endangered Species Brochure
... wind-protected coves within and around the Golden Gate National Parks. Salmon migrate thousands of ocean miles, a red river of intention whose flows move upstream, opposing the muddy gush of Redwood Creek and other swelling creeks. On a rare night, a young coyote from the Marin Headlands might steal ...
... wind-protected coves within and around the Golden Gate National Parks. Salmon migrate thousands of ocean miles, a red river of intention whose flows move upstream, opposing the muddy gush of Redwood Creek and other swelling creeks. On a rare night, a young coyote from the Marin Headlands might steal ...
Low biodiversity state persists two decades after cessation of
... that added propagules to plots for 20 years did not allow them to recover their original diversity after N cessation, suggesting that the low-diversity state was stable. Plant diversity exhibited a discontinuous, hysteretic response to increases and subsequent decreases in soil nitrate concentration ...
... that added propagules to plots for 20 years did not allow them to recover their original diversity after N cessation, suggesting that the low-diversity state was stable. Plant diversity exhibited a discontinuous, hysteretic response to increases and subsequent decreases in soil nitrate concentration ...
Pimm_pages 1..10 - Department of Geographical Sciences
... biodiversity.” In December 2013, its second plenary session approved a program to begin a global assessment in 2015. The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and five other biodiversity-related conventions have adopted IPBES as their science-policy interface, so these assessments will be importa ...
... biodiversity.” In December 2013, its second plenary session approved a program to begin a global assessment in 2015. The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and five other biodiversity-related conventions have adopted IPBES as their science-policy interface, so these assessments will be importa ...
042-14.4.04.01.20.20/03-2012 30.09.2009 ж. №2 басылым орнына
... 5. Plants are nature resources which man always used and uses now. 6. We planted trees and bushes in our new garden. 7. The disappearance of forest areas harms the environment. 8. If we think of the harm that the Chernobyl nuclear power station explosion has done, it may be considered the greatest d ...
... 5. Plants are nature resources which man always used and uses now. 6. We planted trees and bushes in our new garden. 7. The disappearance of forest areas harms the environment. 8. If we think of the harm that the Chernobyl nuclear power station explosion has done, it may be considered the greatest d ...
A pragmatic approach for selecting evo
... Beside the practical criteria of small size, short generation, abundant progeny, ease of manipulation and of housing/breeding, accessibility of phenotyping and genome manipulation techniques, etc., there are other parameters that should be considered when listing preferred model species. An intuitiv ...
... Beside the practical criteria of small size, short generation, abundant progeny, ease of manipulation and of housing/breeding, accessibility of phenotyping and genome manipulation techniques, etc., there are other parameters that should be considered when listing preferred model species. An intuitiv ...
Biotic modifiers, environmental modulation and species
... Hartig et al., 2012). Recently, the effects of fire have also been incorporated (Bond et al., 2005; Scheiter & Higgins, 2009). Like other disturbances, fires structure ecosystems, selecting for specific plant traits. But, in contrast to external factors (such as climate), fires depend on the combina ...
... Hartig et al., 2012). Recently, the effects of fire have also been incorporated (Bond et al., 2005; Scheiter & Higgins, 2009). Like other disturbances, fires structure ecosystems, selecting for specific plant traits. But, in contrast to external factors (such as climate), fires depend on the combina ...
What are Invasive Species?
... disturbances. Introduced diseases and parasites can attack and eliminate dominant native plant species. For example, the chestnut blight fungus from Asia all but wiped out the American Chestnut, thus changing the makeup of eastern forests. Intentionally and accidentally introduced herbivorous mammal ...
... disturbances. Introduced diseases and parasites can attack and eliminate dominant native plant species. For example, the chestnut blight fungus from Asia all but wiped out the American Chestnut, thus changing the makeup of eastern forests. Intentionally and accidentally introduced herbivorous mammal ...
Competition Extinction Exotics
... column are from Lake Malawi, and are more closely related to one another than to any species within Lake Tanganyika. Note the similarities among color patterns and trophic morphologies. ...
... column are from Lake Malawi, and are more closely related to one another than to any species within Lake Tanganyika. Note the similarities among color patterns and trophic morphologies. ...
Study guide - People Server at UNCW
... epifauna relative to each other and other habitats (e.g., salt marsh) • Alternate states on kelp forests/barrens. Factors leading to each state • Explanation for latitudinal variation in herbivory by fishes • Differences between kelp & seagrass • How do coral reef fishes use nearby seagrass hab ...
... epifauna relative to each other and other habitats (e.g., salt marsh) • Alternate states on kelp forests/barrens. Factors leading to each state • Explanation for latitudinal variation in herbivory by fishes • Differences between kelp & seagrass • How do coral reef fishes use nearby seagrass hab ...
Alien Invasion
... community structure, and can create serious economic problems. Invasive species threaten nearly half of the species currently protected under the Endangered Species Act. A single outbreak of medfly may cost millions of dollars to eradicate. Approximately 50,000 exotic species already are known to ex ...
... community structure, and can create serious economic problems. Invasive species threaten nearly half of the species currently protected under the Endangered Species Act. A single outbreak of medfly may cost millions of dollars to eradicate. Approximately 50,000 exotic species already are known to ex ...
Ecological community integration increases with added trophic
... randomly sampled from the uniform interval (1, 0). In assembling naı̈ve and self-organized communities, I simulated population trajectories over 104 time steps using a 4th-order Runge-Kutta method. Initial conditions were randomly drawn from a uniform (0, 1) distribution. If a population’s size dro ...
... randomly sampled from the uniform interval (1, 0). In assembling naı̈ve and self-organized communities, I simulated population trajectories over 104 time steps using a 4th-order Runge-Kutta method. Initial conditions were randomly drawn from a uniform (0, 1) distribution. If a population’s size dro ...
Should Extinction Be Forever
... Some worry that re-creating extinct species is akin The natural world also does not have goals or aims, so it to “playing God” and that it represents excessive pride of cannot be wronged by the extinction of species (Sandler the human race that could lead to our downfall (Sandler 2013). The concept ...
... Some worry that re-creating extinct species is akin The natural world also does not have goals or aims, so it to “playing God” and that it represents excessive pride of cannot be wronged by the extinction of species (Sandler the human race that could lead to our downfall (Sandler 2013). The concept ...
10 The Conservation of Ecological Interactions
... School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Woodland Road, Bristol BS8 1UG, UK ...
... School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Woodland Road, Bristol BS8 1UG, UK ...
The Role of Fire in Managing of the Northern Great Plains
... sufficient to carry a fire, the high volatile oil content of the foliage combined with Rocky Mountain juniper’s inability to sprout following topkilling, results in high mortality rates (Wright and Bailey 1982). Threatened or endangered species are examples of sensitive species whose needs cannot be ...
... sufficient to carry a fire, the high volatile oil content of the foliage combined with Rocky Mountain juniper’s inability to sprout following topkilling, results in high mortality rates (Wright and Bailey 1982). Threatened or endangered species are examples of sensitive species whose needs cannot be ...
Multivariate characterisation of the habitats of seven species of
... taxa present higher degrees of terrestriality (adaptation to the terrestrial environment), suggesting an increase in adaptation at each cladogenetic event (ESM, S1). In accordance with this scenario, sympatric mudskipper species of different genera are generally found in different habitats in the in ...
... taxa present higher degrees of terrestriality (adaptation to the terrestrial environment), suggesting an increase in adaptation at each cladogenetic event (ESM, S1). In accordance with this scenario, sympatric mudskipper species of different genera are generally found in different habitats in the in ...
TOPIC 2: Ecosystems NOTES CASE STUDIES
... unit area per unit time, which could be through photosynthesis in primary producers or absorption in consumers. Net productivity (NP): The gain in energy or biomass per unit area per unit time remaining after allowing for respiratory losses (R). Primary productivity: The gain by producers in energy ...
... unit area per unit time, which could be through photosynthesis in primary producers or absorption in consumers. Net productivity (NP): The gain in energy or biomass per unit area per unit time remaining after allowing for respiratory losses (R). Primary productivity: The gain by producers in energy ...
Ecosystems - Science EOG
... so on can disrupt an ecosystem's equilibrium, causing the populations of some species to rapidly shrink while the populations of other species may rapidly swell. Ecological succession is the process by which an ecosystem undergoes a series of changes as communities of organisms modify the environmen ...
... so on can disrupt an ecosystem's equilibrium, causing the populations of some species to rapidly shrink while the populations of other species may rapidly swell. Ecological succession is the process by which an ecosystem undergoes a series of changes as communities of organisms modify the environmen ...
Competition - practical ecology
... 2. Neighbor roots left intact but neighbor shoots tied back to reduce shading (belowground competition). 3. Neighbor roots and shoots both removed (no competition). ...
... 2. Neighbor roots left intact but neighbor shoots tied back to reduce shading (belowground competition). 3. Neighbor roots and shoots both removed (no competition). ...
The efficiency of two widely used commercial live
... 13 species (12 in Longworth and 11 in Sherman, 10 species shared). Despite some specific biases (underestimation of two large species by Longworth traps and underestimation of one small species by Sherman traps), estimates of community parameters and similarity indexes, sampling efficiency (number of ...
... 13 species (12 in Longworth and 11 in Sherman, 10 species shared). Despite some specific biases (underestimation of two large species by Longworth traps and underestimation of one small species by Sherman traps), estimates of community parameters and similarity indexes, sampling efficiency (number of ...
Patterns in the co-occurrence of fish species in streams: the role of
... role of species interactions in shaping patterns in the cooccurrence of fish species. First, sampling protocols may be established to gather distributional data from large portions of the watershed. Therefore, important features such as species distribution, habitat corridors for dispersion, local a ...
... role of species interactions in shaping patterns in the cooccurrence of fish species. First, sampling protocols may be established to gather distributional data from large portions of the watershed. Therefore, important features such as species distribution, habitat corridors for dispersion, local a ...
Patterns in Ecology
... the wrong scale. Ecologists, too, lack a macroscope - a machine that reveals big patterns that emerge from a mass of local fuzz, and which operates on time-scales orders of magnitude longer than a three-year research grant. But we can search for large patterns in nature, and they are the next best t ...
... the wrong scale. Ecologists, too, lack a macroscope - a machine that reveals big patterns that emerge from a mass of local fuzz, and which operates on time-scales orders of magnitude longer than a three-year research grant. But we can search for large patterns in nature, and they are the next best t ...
An Ecological Assessment of Insect Diversity at Organic Central
... one indicator of threats to species biodiversity (Donald and Evans 2006). With worldwide agricultural production set to double by 2050 (Butler et al. 2007), sustainable agro-ecological methods must be implemented to reverse the trend of increasing biodiversity loss and to create healthy agroecosyste ...
... one indicator of threats to species biodiversity (Donald and Evans 2006). With worldwide agricultural production set to double by 2050 (Butler et al. 2007), sustainable agro-ecological methods must be implemented to reverse the trend of increasing biodiversity loss and to create healthy agroecosyste ...
Biodiversity action plan
This article is about a conservation biology topic. For other uses of BAP, see BAP (disambiguation).A biodiversity action plan (BAP) is an internationally recognized program addressing threatened species and habitats and is designed to protect and restore biological systems. The original impetus for these plans derives from the 1992 Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). As of 2009, 191 countries have ratified the CBD, but only a fraction of these have developed substantive BAP documents.The principal elements of a BAP typically include: (a) preparing inventories of biological information for selected species or habitats; (b) assessing the conservation status of species within specified ecosystems; (c) creation of targets for conservation and restoration; and (d) establishing budgets, timelines and institutional partnerships for implementing the BAP.