Lecture notes - Justin C. Bagley
... The organization of living things: levels of biology [we will use these over and over] • Biosphere: the spatial extent of life on earth • Ecosystem: interaction between organisms and the physical/abiotic environment • Community: group of species living in the same area… emphasis on species interacti ...
... The organization of living things: levels of biology [we will use these over and over] • Biosphere: the spatial extent of life on earth • Ecosystem: interaction between organisms and the physical/abiotic environment • Community: group of species living in the same area… emphasis on species interacti ...
File - International Census of Marine Microbes
... different scales, suggesting a ubiquitous distribution of many microbes. However, more recent studies of bacteria in water-filled treeholes and of phytoplankton in limnetic and marine systems indicate that the slopes are much higher in non-contiguous habitats. In other words, diversity at local scal ...
... different scales, suggesting a ubiquitous distribution of many microbes. However, more recent studies of bacteria in water-filled treeholes and of phytoplankton in limnetic and marine systems indicate that the slopes are much higher in non-contiguous habitats. In other words, diversity at local scal ...
how do different measures of functional diversity perform?
... 2001, Loreau et al. 2001, 2002). Whether these demonstrated functional consequences of biodiversity depended on factors such as trophic complexity (Raffaelli et al. 2002), temporal scale (Petchey et al. 2002), and spatial scale (Wardle et al. 1997, Loreau 2000), to name but a few (Hughes and Petchey ...
... 2001, Loreau et al. 2001, 2002). Whether these demonstrated functional consequences of biodiversity depended on factors such as trophic complexity (Raffaelli et al. 2002), temporal scale (Petchey et al. 2002), and spatial scale (Wardle et al. 1997, Loreau 2000), to name but a few (Hughes and Petchey ...
Environment, Politics and Development Working Paper Series
... comprehensive understanding of the ecosystem’ as one of their critical steps for ecosystem management. This is an unrealistic requirement even for ecosystems in small, well-researched and well-documented countries such as the UK. As a recent example of an implicit acknowledgement of the level of unc ...
... comprehensive understanding of the ecosystem’ as one of their critical steps for ecosystem management. This is an unrealistic requirement even for ecosystems in small, well-researched and well-documented countries such as the UK. As a recent example of an implicit acknowledgement of the level of unc ...
Niche conservatism as an emerging principle in ecology and
... ecological data. For a given ecological variable, the clade originates as a single ancestral species that utilizes a given environment or resource (e.g. diet, host, habitat, climatic regime). Early in the history of the group, there is a niche shift to utilize an alternate resource or environment. A ...
... ecological data. For a given ecological variable, the clade originates as a single ancestral species that utilizes a given environment or resource (e.g. diet, host, habitat, climatic regime). Early in the history of the group, there is a niche shift to utilize an alternate resource or environment. A ...
Chapter 54
... suggests that moderate levels of disturbance can foster greater diversity than either high or low levels of disturbance • High levels of disturbance exclude many slowgrowing species • Low levels of disturbance allow dominant species to exclude less competitive species ...
... suggests that moderate levels of disturbance can foster greater diversity than either high or low levels of disturbance • High levels of disturbance exclude many slowgrowing species • Low levels of disturbance allow dominant species to exclude less competitive species ...
HABITAT USE - Anole Annals
... from xeric deserts to mesic rainforests. Elevationally, water stress should be greatest at lower elevations where conditions of high temperature and low rainfall often prevail (Hertz, 1980b). The organismal consequences of living in habitats differing in aridity are straightforward; particularly for ...
... from xeric deserts to mesic rainforests. Elevationally, water stress should be greatest at lower elevations where conditions of high temperature and low rainfall often prevail (Hertz, 1980b). The organismal consequences of living in habitats differing in aridity are straightforward; particularly for ...
Niche partitioning at multiple scales facilitates coexistence among
... specific vertical strata within a given container habitat. This mechanism could potentially promote within-habitat coexistence by restricting interactions among species, such as resource competition or interference competition (Lounibos et al. 2003). To our knowledge, the spatial niche mechanism for ...
... specific vertical strata within a given container habitat. This mechanism could potentially promote within-habitat coexistence by restricting interactions among species, such as resource competition or interference competition (Lounibos et al. 2003). To our knowledge, the spatial niche mechanism for ...
Palms at Inotawa
... The niche width of a species refers to the area which a species could physically inhabit; the niche width often differs from the area that a species actually inhabits, or its realized niche width. The niche concept has rarely been used in plant ecology due to the difficulty in defining a species’ ni ...
... The niche width of a species refers to the area which a species could physically inhabit; the niche width often differs from the area that a species actually inhabits, or its realized niche width. The niche concept has rarely been used in plant ecology due to the difficulty in defining a species’ ni ...
Invasive Species in the Sonoran Desert
... the ecosystem. Cats are an example of this. Although feral cats constitute a major problem in urban and suburban areas, they don’t do as well beyond urban areas because of predation by coyotes and bobcats. (Crooks & Soule, 1999)Other species have found some balance with the ecosystem. Honeybees, ...
... the ecosystem. Cats are an example of this. Although feral cats constitute a major problem in urban and suburban areas, they don’t do as well beyond urban areas because of predation by coyotes and bobcats. (Crooks & Soule, 1999)Other species have found some balance with the ecosystem. Honeybees, ...
Clupea harengus
... Baltic herring (besides a possible high gene flow) is that genetic variation of the Baltic herring appears to be low (Johannesson & André 2006). ...
... Baltic herring (besides a possible high gene flow) is that genetic variation of the Baltic herring appears to be low (Johannesson & André 2006). ...
Introductory Research Essay
... Figure 1 is only based on ruminants. Yet, there is an important aspect of ungulate physiology that has not been discussed yet. Non-ruminants (also called hind-gut fermenters) are mostly comparable to roughage eaters (Kleynhans et al. 2011). Ruminants ferment their food in their stomachs to break it ...
... Figure 1 is only based on ruminants. Yet, there is an important aspect of ungulate physiology that has not been discussed yet. Non-ruminants (also called hind-gut fermenters) are mostly comparable to roughage eaters (Kleynhans et al. 2011). Ruminants ferment their food in their stomachs to break it ...
Final Report - Rufford Small Grants
... material should come from local sources wherever possible, using good quality mangrove forest stands as the source of the material. Mangrove species diversity is well known for the larger animals and plants, but poorly known for micro-organisms and insects. A crucial aspect of biodiversity for mangr ...
... material should come from local sources wherever possible, using good quality mangrove forest stands as the source of the material. Mangrove species diversity is well known for the larger animals and plants, but poorly known for micro-organisms and insects. A crucial aspect of biodiversity for mangr ...
article - American Scientist
... rate (overall numbers of new organisms produced per year) is low when a population is small. It is also low when a population nears its carrying capacity, because of density-dependent processes such as food availability (Figure 2). Intermediate-sized populations have the greatest growth capacity and ...
... rate (overall numbers of new organisms produced per year) is low when a population is small. It is also low when a population nears its carrying capacity, because of density-dependent processes such as food availability (Figure 2). Intermediate-sized populations have the greatest growth capacity and ...
12 Invasive Predators: a synthesis of the past
... the avifauna of Guam (Savidge 1987). In addition, their effects go undetected at first and they are easily transported because they are small or secretive (e.g., snakes), they are ignored by local authorities as innocuous (e.g., coqui frogs), they are purposefully moved or released (e.g., pets), com ...
... the avifauna of Guam (Savidge 1987). In addition, their effects go undetected at first and they are easily transported because they are small or secretive (e.g., snakes), they are ignored by local authorities as innocuous (e.g., coqui frogs), they are purposefully moved or released (e.g., pets), com ...
Update on the environmental and economic costs associated with
... was first introduced into Jamaica in 1872 for biological control of rats in sugarcane (Pimentel, 1955). It was subsequently introduced to Puerto Rico, other West Indian Islands, and Hawaii. The mongoose controlled the Asiatic rat but not the European rat, and preyed heavily on native ground nesting ...
... was first introduced into Jamaica in 1872 for biological control of rats in sugarcane (Pimentel, 1955). It was subsequently introduced to Puerto Rico, other West Indian Islands, and Hawaii. The mongoose controlled the Asiatic rat but not the European rat, and preyed heavily on native ground nesting ...
Update on the Environmental and Economic Costs
... was first introduced into Jamaica in 1872 for biological control of rats in sugarcane (Pimentel, 1955). It was subsequently introduced to Puerto Rico, other West Indian Islands, and Hawaii. The mongoose controlled the Asiatic rat but not the European rat, and preyed heavily on native ground nesting ...
... was first introduced into Jamaica in 1872 for biological control of rats in sugarcane (Pimentel, 1955). It was subsequently introduced to Puerto Rico, other West Indian Islands, and Hawaii. The mongoose controlled the Asiatic rat but not the European rat, and preyed heavily on native ground nesting ...
McPeek, M. A. 1996. Tradeoffs, food web structure
... how in the same collection of habitats some species may be limited by trade-offs to occupying only one habitat, while other species may face no trade-off between habitats and therefore be able to generalize in their habitat use. Food web interactions define the available niches within a habitat. Cha ...
... how in the same collection of habitats some species may be limited by trade-offs to occupying only one habitat, while other species may face no trade-off between habitats and therefore be able to generalize in their habitat use. Food web interactions define the available niches within a habitat. Cha ...
In this Issue The Wildlife Corridor Navy is Enlisted in
... much larger area ...the preserved area beconles an isolate, and the number of species that can be accommodated must apparently fall .... The only remedy is to prevent the areafrom becoming an "isolate" by keeping open a continuous corridor with other preserved areas. -Preston 1962 Habitat fragmentat ...
... much larger area ...the preserved area beconles an isolate, and the number of species that can be accommodated must apparently fall .... The only remedy is to prevent the areafrom becoming an "isolate" by keeping open a continuous corridor with other preserved areas. -Preston 1962 Habitat fragmentat ...
Is a healthy ecosystem one that is rich in parasites?
... individually proposed seed predators as the mechanism driving this effect, an increasing body of evidence suggests that specialized fungal pathogens produce a strong Janzen–Connell effect not only in tropical [28], but also in temperate forests [29] as well as other habitats [30]. This effect is ana ...
... individually proposed seed predators as the mechanism driving this effect, an increasing body of evidence suggests that specialized fungal pathogens produce a strong Janzen–Connell effect not only in tropical [28], but also in temperate forests [29] as well as other habitats [30]. This effect is ana ...
The Crayfish - Marine Biodiversity Center
... However, the seagrass-associated species are more habitat-restricted. These isopods are sufficiently abundant to constitute an important food resource for juvenile fishes utilizing seagrass beds as nursery habitat. Thus, any decline in seagrasses may negatively affect the isopods, in turn affecting ...
... However, the seagrass-associated species are more habitat-restricted. These isopods are sufficiently abundant to constitute an important food resource for juvenile fishes utilizing seagrass beds as nursery habitat. Thus, any decline in seagrasses may negatively affect the isopods, in turn affecting ...
Balanced harvesting in fisheries: a preliminary analysis of
... Balanced harvesting in fisheries 2014). As a consequence, conservation and, where appropriate, restoration of these interactions and processes appears of greater significance for the long-term maintenance of biological diversity than simply protection of species (UNEP/CBD, 1998; FAO, 2003a). This f ...
... Balanced harvesting in fisheries 2014). As a consequence, conservation and, where appropriate, restoration of these interactions and processes appears of greater significance for the long-term maintenance of biological diversity than simply protection of species (UNEP/CBD, 1998; FAO, 2003a). This f ...
NATURAL RESOURCES IN THE PUENTE HILLS
... zoning, ecosystem preservation must be achieved through the environmental review process. However, in all but a few cases, current environmental review processes fail to adequately address or provide for ecosystem sustainability. While analyses become increasingly sophisticated in regards to specifi ...
... zoning, ecosystem preservation must be achieved through the environmental review process. However, in all but a few cases, current environmental review processes fail to adequately address or provide for ecosystem sustainability. While analyses become increasingly sophisticated in regards to specifi ...
Functional traits of grasses growing in open and shaded habitats
... the form and function of plants. Plants that thrive in the deep shade of the understory of a forest are expected to differ in several traits compared to those successful in open, well-lit habitats. Since photosynthesis is directly influenced by the amount of light leaves intercept, most comparative ...
... the form and function of plants. Plants that thrive in the deep shade of the understory of a forest are expected to differ in several traits compared to those successful in open, well-lit habitats. Since photosynthesis is directly influenced by the amount of light leaves intercept, most comparative ...
Biodiversity action plan
This article is about a conservation biology topic. For other uses of BAP, see BAP (disambiguation).A biodiversity action plan (BAP) is an internationally recognized program addressing threatened species and habitats and is designed to protect and restore biological systems. The original impetus for these plans derives from the 1992 Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). As of 2009, 191 countries have ratified the CBD, but only a fraction of these have developed substantive BAP documents.The principal elements of a BAP typically include: (a) preparing inventories of biological information for selected species or habitats; (b) assessing the conservation status of species within specified ecosystems; (c) creation of targets for conservation and restoration; and (d) establishing budgets, timelines and institutional partnerships for implementing the BAP.