AND SPECIES RICHNESS
... new functionalgroupsare added,but less rapidlywhen new species areredundant of existing functional groups. Lawton (102) proposed a model in which species may have strong,idiosyncraticeffects on ecosystems. If this is the case, thereis no predictableeffect of species richnessper se on ecosystem funct ...
... new functionalgroupsare added,but less rapidlywhen new species areredundant of existing functional groups. Lawton (102) proposed a model in which species may have strong,idiosyncraticeffects on ecosystems. If this is the case, thereis no predictableeffect of species richnessper se on ecosystem funct ...
Sociality, densitydependence and microclimates determine the
... Average population sizes for colonies (population and colony size are used interchangeably hereafter) of these six species during hibernation vary across four orders of magnitude (Table S1). Cluster sizes within hibernacula (groups of bats in contact with one another) can also vary by two orders of ...
... Average population sizes for colonies (population and colony size are used interchangeably hereafter) of these six species during hibernation vary across four orders of magnitude (Table S1). Cluster sizes within hibernacula (groups of bats in contact with one another) can also vary by two orders of ...
Patterns of ant species richness along elevational gradients in an
... mixed conifer forest at high elevation. The highest point in the Spring Mountains is 3630 m. Patterns of species richness We sampled ants with pitfall traps constructed from 120 mL plastic cups (6 cm diameter) embedded so that the lip of the cup was flush with the soil surface. Cups were partially f ...
... mixed conifer forest at high elevation. The highest point in the Spring Mountains is 3630 m. Patterns of species richness We sampled ants with pitfall traps constructed from 120 mL plastic cups (6 cm diameter) embedded so that the lip of the cup was flush with the soil surface. Cups were partially f ...
Inferring species interactions in ecological communities
... (Paine 1992), hydra species (Case & Bender 1981) or in microbial communities (Vandermeer 1969; McGrady-Steed, Harris & Morin 1997) have not only been giving contrasting results on the relationship between diversity and stability in biological communities (McCann 2000; Ives & Carpenter 2007), but wer ...
... (Paine 1992), hydra species (Case & Bender 1981) or in microbial communities (Vandermeer 1969; McGrady-Steed, Harris & Morin 1997) have not only been giving contrasting results on the relationship between diversity and stability in biological communities (McCann 2000; Ives & Carpenter 2007), but wer ...
Alien species in fresh waters: ecological effects, interactions with
... 4. The number of alien species in freshwater ecosystems will increase in the future as new aliens are moved outside of their native ranges by humans, and as established aliens fill their potential ranges. Alien species create ‘‘no-analogue’’ ecosystems that will be difficult to manage in the future. ...
... 4. The number of alien species in freshwater ecosystems will increase in the future as new aliens are moved outside of their native ranges by humans, and as established aliens fill their potential ranges. Alien species create ‘‘no-analogue’’ ecosystems that will be difficult to manage in the future. ...
Nevada Wildlife Action Plan - Nevada Department of Wildlife
... The Nevada Natural Heritage Program recognizes 136 species of mammals that occur or historically occurred in Nevada. Of those species, American bison, gray wolf, North American lynx, Arizona cotton rat, and grizzly bear are considered to be extirpated (i.e., they no longer occur) in Nevada. Of these ...
... The Nevada Natural Heritage Program recognizes 136 species of mammals that occur or historically occurred in Nevada. Of those species, American bison, gray wolf, North American lynx, Arizona cotton rat, and grizzly bear are considered to be extirpated (i.e., they no longer occur) in Nevada. Of these ...
Annotated Bibliography Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst.
... -It is a credible source because it examines both sides of the argument. It gives benefits and negative effects for both aspects. Schaefer Center for Public Policy. Poll on Maryland's Evironmental Laws. 14 Dec. 1992. Raw data. University of Baltimore, Baltimore. -This is a relevant source because it ...
... -It is a credible source because it examines both sides of the argument. It gives benefits and negative effects for both aspects. Schaefer Center for Public Policy. Poll on Maryland's Evironmental Laws. 14 Dec. 1992. Raw data. University of Baltimore, Baltimore. -This is a relevant source because it ...
Equal partnership: two trematode species, not one, manipulate the
... results in increased predation by birds on cockles, and thus enhanced transmission rates of the parasite to its bird definitive hosts. This host manipulation by the trematode is costly: fish regularly crop the tip of the foot of cockles stranded on the sediment surface, killing any metacercariae the ...
... results in increased predation by birds on cockles, and thus enhanced transmission rates of the parasite to its bird definitive hosts. This host manipulation by the trematode is costly: fish regularly crop the tip of the foot of cockles stranded on the sediment surface, killing any metacercariae the ...
Classifying Threats to Biodiversity
... freshwater fauna based on information presented in COSEWIC status reports. In North America, extinction rates for freshwater fauna are five times higher than those for terrestrial groups (Ricciardi and Rasmussen, 1999). The introduction of alien invasive species was second to habitat loss as primary ...
... freshwater fauna based on information presented in COSEWIC status reports. In North America, extinction rates for freshwater fauna are five times higher than those for terrestrial groups (Ricciardi and Rasmussen, 1999). The introduction of alien invasive species was second to habitat loss as primary ...
The Ecological Niche in Aquatic Ecosystems
... or inanimate object. No doubt the word was used in this general way by ecologists before they began adapting its meaning to a more specific purpose, through the concept of ecological niche. niche, defined ecologically, can be pronounced as a rhyme either with ‘rich’ or ‘quiche’. J. Grinnell (1877–19 ...
... or inanimate object. No doubt the word was used in this general way by ecologists before they began adapting its meaning to a more specific purpose, through the concept of ecological niche. niche, defined ecologically, can be pronounced as a rhyme either with ‘rich’ or ‘quiche’. J. Grinnell (1877–19 ...
Power, M.E., D. Tilman, J.A. Estes, B.A. Menge, W.J. Bond, L.S. Mills
... that species. Community importance (CI) (1992) studied impacts of predatory values may be normally distributed birds, fish, and invertebrates on maaround zero ( a ) , in which case most rine invertebrates in mudflats and species would have immeasurably small mussel beds. Fagan and Hurd (1994) effect ...
... that species. Community importance (CI) (1992) studied impacts of predatory values may be normally distributed birds, fish, and invertebrates on maaround zero ( a ) , in which case most rine invertebrates in mudflats and species would have immeasurably small mussel beds. Fagan and Hurd (1994) effect ...
Individualscale variation, speciesscale differences: inference
... As ecological data are usually analysed at a scale different from the one at which the process of interest operates, interpretations can be confusing and controversial. For example, hypothesised differences between species do not operate at the species level, but concern individuals responding to en ...
... As ecological data are usually analysed at a scale different from the one at which the process of interest operates, interpretations can be confusing and controversial. For example, hypothesised differences between species do not operate at the species level, but concern individuals responding to en ...
Chapter 6
... or its age in years. In radioactive decay, unstable isotopes in rocks change into stable isotopes over time. Scientists measure the ratio of unstable isotopes to stable isotopes to find the age of a rock. This ratio is best measured in igneous rocks. Igneous rocks form from volcanic magma. Magma is ...
... or its age in years. In radioactive decay, unstable isotopes in rocks change into stable isotopes over time. Scientists measure the ratio of unstable isotopes to stable isotopes to find the age of a rock. This ratio is best measured in igneous rocks. Igneous rocks form from volcanic magma. Magma is ...
an audit of alien species in scotland
... mink, giant hogweed and rhododendron in Scotland, give ample warning that further major wildlife impacts due to aliens could occur. But despite a general awareness of these events, there is little indication that the human attitudes and behaviour which led to them have changed. Indeed the opportunit ...
... mink, giant hogweed and rhododendron in Scotland, give ample warning that further major wildlife impacts due to aliens could occur. But despite a general awareness of these events, there is little indication that the human attitudes and behaviour which led to them have changed. Indeed the opportunit ...
Southeastern Naturalist - Florida Museum of Natural History
... 1996) if not controlled. The Ten Thousand Islands, Big Cypress National Preserve, Everglades National Park, Lake Okeechobee area, and parts of the Florida Keys would provide particularly suitable habitats for colonization. Many monitor observations in Cape Coral probably represent sightings of the s ...
... 1996) if not controlled. The Ten Thousand Islands, Big Cypress National Preserve, Everglades National Park, Lake Okeechobee area, and parts of the Florida Keys would provide particularly suitable habitats for colonization. Many monitor observations in Cape Coral probably represent sightings of the s ...
Introduction
... ant species that foraged at tuna fish baits were similar to those that foraged at insect carrion, the most abundant natural protein source at this site. Also, ant species composition at tuna fish, jelly, and seed bait stations were similar, but abundances were much higher at tuna fish baits (M. Albr ...
... ant species that foraged at tuna fish baits were similar to those that foraged at insect carrion, the most abundant natural protein source at this site. Also, ant species composition at tuna fish, jelly, and seed bait stations were similar, but abundances were much higher at tuna fish baits (M. Albr ...
The Roots of Diversity: Below Ground Species Richness and
... Washington, DC, United States of America, 3 Department of Marine Science, Marine Science Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Port Aransas, Texas, United States of ...
... Washington, DC, United States of America, 3 Department of Marine Science, Marine Science Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Port Aransas, Texas, United States of ...
Seaside Bird`s-foot Lotus (Lotus formosissimus)
... A species, subspecies, variety, or geographically or genetically distinct population of animal, plant or other organism, other than a bacterium or virus, that is wild by nature and is either native to Canada or has extended its range into Canada without human intervention and has been present in Can ...
... A species, subspecies, variety, or geographically or genetically distinct population of animal, plant or other organism, other than a bacterium or virus, that is wild by nature and is either native to Canada or has extended its range into Canada without human intervention and has been present in Can ...
- Wiley Online Library
... terrestrial insects at standardized loci (e.g. cytochrome oxidase c subunit 1 – discussed below), making them an obvious and relatively simple target for analysis. In almost all cases, molecular analysis has yielded far more prey groups than previously recognized and far more rare dietary items. For ...
... terrestrial insects at standardized loci (e.g. cytochrome oxidase c subunit 1 – discussed below), making them an obvious and relatively simple target for analysis. In almost all cases, molecular analysis has yielded far more prey groups than previously recognized and far more rare dietary items. For ...
Case Study: black and white and spread all over Species
... • Ecological restoration = efforts to restore communities • Restoration is informed by restoration ecology = the science of restoring an area to an earlier condition - To restore the system’s functionality (i.e. filtering of water by a wetland) - It is difficult, time-consuming, and expensive • It i ...
... • Ecological restoration = efforts to restore communities • Restoration is informed by restoration ecology = the science of restoring an area to an earlier condition - To restore the system’s functionality (i.e. filtering of water by a wetland) - It is difficult, time-consuming, and expensive • It i ...
Enemy free space and the structure of ecological
... This paper reviews the role of natural enemies in moulding ecological niches. Our aim is to show how many numerous aspects of the ecology of animal species that are traditionally reviewed as components of their niche, (body size, feeding stations, feeding methods, etc.), have been influenced, not by ...
... This paper reviews the role of natural enemies in moulding ecological niches. Our aim is to show how many numerous aspects of the ecology of animal species that are traditionally reviewed as components of their niche, (body size, feeding stations, feeding methods, etc.), have been influenced, not by ...
Global climate change, range changes and potential implications for
... species’ ranges are likely to change as a result of increases in water temperature and whether they will expand, shift poleward or contract based on their current distributions. Based on this framework, it is predicted that the ranges of 88% of cetaceans may be affected by changes in water temperatu ...
... species’ ranges are likely to change as a result of increases in water temperature and whether they will expand, shift poleward or contract based on their current distributions. Based on this framework, it is predicted that the ranges of 88% of cetaceans may be affected by changes in water temperatu ...
Managing Native Pastures for Conservation
... harvest almost all the seed fall of some species, particularly wattles and bush peas. However, ants are also beneficial: they play an important role in establishment by dispersing seeds and increasing soil porosity. » Drought and poor conditions – Many species need several consecutive wet winters to ...
... harvest almost all the seed fall of some species, particularly wattles and bush peas. However, ants are also beneficial: they play an important role in establishment by dispersing seeds and increasing soil porosity. » Drought and poor conditions – Many species need several consecutive wet winters to ...
The diversity and distribution of diatoms: from cosmopolitanism to
... 2002), even if diatom taxa have been well revised or when multimethod approaches are used. However, both phenomena will have a negligible eVect if (1) biogeographic studies focus only on habitats that fulWll the environmental requirements of the taxa under investigation, (2) sample sizes are suYcien ...
... 2002), even if diatom taxa have been well revised or when multimethod approaches are used. However, both phenomena will have a negligible eVect if (1) biogeographic studies focus only on habitats that fulWll the environmental requirements of the taxa under investigation, (2) sample sizes are suYcien ...
Invasion processes and causes of success.
... of ant communities, may highlight intrinsic differences between communities that have formed in separate biogeographic regions, and may suggest possible methods of control. Understanding ant invasion processes and causes of success thus has both basic and applied relevance. Human activities have int ...
... of ant communities, may highlight intrinsic differences between communities that have formed in separate biogeographic regions, and may suggest possible methods of control. Understanding ant invasion processes and causes of success thus has both basic and applied relevance. Human activities have int ...
Introduced species
An introduced, alien, exotic, non-indigenous, or non-native species, or simply an introduction, is a species living outside its native distributional range, which has arrived there by human activity, either deliberate or accidental. Non-native species can have various effects on the local ecosystem. Introduced species that become established and spread beyond the place of introduction are called invasive species. Some have a negative effect on a local ecosystem. Some introduced species may have no negative effect or only minor impact. Some species have been introduced intentionally to combat pests. They are called biocontrols and may be regarded as beneficial as an alternative to pesticides in agriculture for example. In some instances the potential for being beneficial or detrimental in the long run remains unknown. A list of some introduced species is given in a separate article.The effects of introduced species on natural environments have gained much scrutiny from scientists, governments, farmers and others.