![1 Introduction](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/006669684_1-ad37808af38db8ed017efb28f4e0b01b-300x300.png)
1 Introduction
... the plants alter, by reaction, their own environment. However, stabilising forces do exist, and aspects of ...
... the plants alter, by reaction, their own environment. However, stabilising forces do exist, and aspects of ...
Seicercus and Phylloscopus the Old World leaf warblers ( The roles
... can affect range expansions (e.g. habitat tracking) and the formation of barriers (e.g. treeless areas are effective barriers for warblers). Ecological factors may often limit speciation on continents because range expansions are difficult in ‘ecologically full’ environments. Keywords: allospecies; ...
... can affect range expansions (e.g. habitat tracking) and the formation of barriers (e.g. treeless areas are effective barriers for warblers). Ecological factors may often limit speciation on continents because range expansions are difficult in ‘ecologically full’ environments. Keywords: allospecies; ...
RTF - Instituut voor Natuur
... also comprises opportunistic field observations from the same portal outside this period. Furthermore, data are derived from management actions, such as fertility reduction (egg shaking and pricking), the use of Larsen traps (for Egyptian goose), and the execution of moult captures. Here, the indivi ...
... also comprises opportunistic field observations from the same portal outside this period. Furthermore, data are derived from management actions, such as fertility reduction (egg shaking and pricking), the use of Larsen traps (for Egyptian goose), and the execution of moult captures. Here, the indivi ...
2016: Invasive Species - Manitoba Forestry Association
... Invasive species pose a serious threat to the stability of countless ecosystems. Invasive species have been shown to disrupt food webs, damage or destroy habitat, and contribute to the decline of many native species. In addition to their environmental impact, invasive species can have a significant ...
... Invasive species pose a serious threat to the stability of countless ecosystems. Invasive species have been shown to disrupt food webs, damage or destroy habitat, and contribute to the decline of many native species. In addition to their environmental impact, invasive species can have a significant ...
Multiple scale composition and spatial distribution patterns of the
... landscape-scale spatial patterns in forests largely undisturbed by human activities. Undisturbed forest is restricted to small remnant patches and, even in boreal forests where human disturbance is minimal in some places, little is known about spatial patterns. Gustafson (1998) suggests that there a ...
... landscape-scale spatial patterns in forests largely undisturbed by human activities. Undisturbed forest is restricted to small remnant patches and, even in boreal forests where human disturbance is minimal in some places, little is known about spatial patterns. Gustafson (1998) suggests that there a ...
1. Invasive species and their impacts
... Invasive species pose a serious threat to the stability of countless ecosystems. Invasive species have been shown to disrupt food webs, damage or destroy habitat, and contribute to the decline of many native species. In addition to their environmental impact, invasive species can have a significant ...
... Invasive species pose a serious threat to the stability of countless ecosystems. Invasive species have been shown to disrupt food webs, damage or destroy habitat, and contribute to the decline of many native species. In addition to their environmental impact, invasive species can have a significant ...
Species Diversity of Seed-Eating Desert Rodents in
... on friable soils. The species range in body size from P. longimembris, which weighs about 7 g, to D. deserti, approximately 100 g. A variety of mammalian, avian, and reptilian predators are known to take these rodents, but predation does not appear to have much effect on the rodent populations. Meas ...
... on friable soils. The species range in body size from P. longimembris, which weighs about 7 g, to D. deserti, approximately 100 g. A variety of mammalian, avian, and reptilian predators are known to take these rodents, but predation does not appear to have much effect on the rodent populations. Meas ...
Composition and structure of Caribbean bat (Chiroptera
... manipulative experiments. Indeed, the importance of understanding the effects of insularity on population-, community- and ecosystem-level characteristics has increased as human activities on continents continue to fragment landscapes, creating isolated patches of habitat dispersed within a sea of a ...
... manipulative experiments. Indeed, the importance of understanding the effects of insularity on population-, community- and ecosystem-level characteristics has increased as human activities on continents continue to fragment landscapes, creating isolated patches of habitat dispersed within a sea of a ...
Effect of Prey Limitation on Competitive Interactions Between a
... ABSTRACT The size and geographic distribution of Coccinella novemnotata Herbst populations have been decreasing rapidly across North America closely following the establishment, spread, and population growth of the invasive seven-spotted lady beetle, Coccinella septempunctata L. To determine whether ...
... ABSTRACT The size and geographic distribution of Coccinella novemnotata Herbst populations have been decreasing rapidly across North America closely following the establishment, spread, and population growth of the invasive seven-spotted lady beetle, Coccinella septempunctata L. To determine whether ...
EPBC Act Protected Matters Report
... The information presented in this report has been provided by a range of data sources as acknowledged at the end of the report. This report is designed to assist in identifying the locations of places which may be relevant in determining obligations under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity ...
... The information presented in this report has been provided by a range of data sources as acknowledged at the end of the report. This report is designed to assist in identifying the locations of places which may be relevant in determining obligations under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity ...
(2016). Exotics Exhibit More Evolutionary History Than Natives
... trinitatis) that is native only to St. Vincent. Anolis trinitatis established and became a naturalized part of the Trinidadian herpetofauna so much so that it was first described as a species endemic to Trinidad, hence the misnomer trinitatis. Anolis trinitatis is one of 22 anole species that have e ...
... trinitatis) that is native only to St. Vincent. Anolis trinitatis established and became a naturalized part of the Trinidadian herpetofauna so much so that it was first described as a species endemic to Trinidad, hence the misnomer trinitatis. Anolis trinitatis is one of 22 anole species that have e ...
Where and When do Species Interactions Set Range Limits?
... stress tolerance, but range limits in nonstressful areas are more often set by species interactions. Species interactions: interactions with other organisms that have some effect on individual or population performance, including both positive and negative effects. Stochastic growth rate: population ...
... stress tolerance, but range limits in nonstressful areas are more often set by species interactions. Species interactions: interactions with other organisms that have some effect on individual or population performance, including both positive and negative effects. Stochastic growth rate: population ...
2011rat2
... ubiquitous and problematic species introduced to islands; more than 80% of the world’s island groups have been invaded. Introduced rats (black rat, Rattus rattus; Norway rat, R. norvegicus; Pacific rat, R. exulans) are well known as seed predators but are often overlooked as potential seed disperser ...
... ubiquitous and problematic species introduced to islands; more than 80% of the world’s island groups have been invaded. Introduced rats (black rat, Rattus rattus; Norway rat, R. norvegicus; Pacific rat, R. exulans) are well known as seed predators but are often overlooked as potential seed disperser ...
Divergence of above- and belowground C and N
... hand-sorted and washed clean for lab analyses. It is often difficult to differentiate between the roots of different species, but it was perfectly doable to differentiate between the roots of the three target species in this study. Both S. grandis and S. bungeana are bunch-grasses and could be ident ...
... hand-sorted and washed clean for lab analyses. It is often difficult to differentiate between the roots of different species, but it was perfectly doable to differentiate between the roots of the three target species in this study. Both S. grandis and S. bungeana are bunch-grasses and could be ident ...
Amphibians of Jamaica
... Two species with SVL up to 40 mm • Genus Osteopilus: one species, SVL up to 80 mm • Genus Calyptahyla: one species, SVL up to 80 mm Some authors consider all four Jamaican hylid frogs to be Osteopilus. ...
... Two species with SVL up to 40 mm • Genus Osteopilus: one species, SVL up to 80 mm • Genus Calyptahyla: one species, SVL up to 80 mm Some authors consider all four Jamaican hylid frogs to be Osteopilus. ...
A Consumer-Resource Approach to Community Structure1 The
... many of the details of the biology of particular species in particular habitats are The biosphere contains over a million described species, and possibly another probably peculiar to those species. Howmillion species yet to be described. Any ever, the similar patterns observed among given community ...
... many of the details of the biology of particular species in particular habitats are The biosphere contains over a million described species, and possibly another probably peculiar to those species. Howmillion species yet to be described. Any ever, the similar patterns observed among given community ...
Genes to ecosystems: exploring the frontiers of
... Europe, Asia and Africa (Saltonstall, 2002). Historically, common reed had a sparse, yet widespread, distribution throughout North America (Fig. 1a; Saltonstall, 2002). However, in the past 150–200 yr, common reed has increased in abundance, its distribution changing from a relatively rare to a domi ...
... Europe, Asia and Africa (Saltonstall, 2002). Historically, common reed had a sparse, yet widespread, distribution throughout North America (Fig. 1a; Saltonstall, 2002). However, in the past 150–200 yr, common reed has increased in abundance, its distribution changing from a relatively rare to a domi ...
Darkling Beetles (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) of Canadian Grasslands
... Saskatchewan, and Manitoba (see highlighted areas in Fig. 1 in Shorthouse and Larson 2010). Tenebrionidae specimens in all major insect collections in western Canada were examined by the authors in preparation for an upcoming taxonomic treatment of the fauna for Canada and Alaska. For each native sp ...
... Saskatchewan, and Manitoba (see highlighted areas in Fig. 1 in Shorthouse and Larson 2010). Tenebrionidae specimens in all major insect collections in western Canada were examined by the authors in preparation for an upcoming taxonomic treatment of the fauna for Canada and Alaska. For each native sp ...
Aboveground Invertebrate Responses to Land Management
... but there is also evidence that some forms of habitat degradation and fragmentation may negatively impact invertebrates without producing a marked effect on vertebrate assemblages (Murphy and Wilcox 1986, Kemp et al. 1990, Oliver and Beattie 1993, New 1997). For example, Murphy and Wilcox (1986) fou ...
... but there is also evidence that some forms of habitat degradation and fragmentation may negatively impact invertebrates without producing a marked effect on vertebrate assemblages (Murphy and Wilcox 1986, Kemp et al. 1990, Oliver and Beattie 1993, New 1997). For example, Murphy and Wilcox (1986) fou ...
Resource pulses, species interactions, and diversity maintenance in
... plant phenology (Schlesinger et al. 1987), but at 200– 500 cm, soil water content is relatively invariant and so low as to minimize plant extraction rates (Andraski 1997). As the availability of resources, such as water, fluctuates, so too do activity levels in plants, and thus we also expect fluctu ...
... plant phenology (Schlesinger et al. 1987), but at 200– 500 cm, soil water content is relatively invariant and so low as to minimize plant extraction rates (Andraski 1997). As the availability of resources, such as water, fluctuates, so too do activity levels in plants, and thus we also expect fluctu ...
bryophytes (musci) unexpectedly rare or absent in the azores
... species as those mentioned above. There is in the Azores a widespread boulder/rock bryo-community, the endemic Ptychomitrion azorici (SJÖGREN 1993, 2003). It is mostly dominated by Ptychomitrium spp., ...
... species as those mentioned above. There is in the Azores a widespread boulder/rock bryo-community, the endemic Ptychomitrion azorici (SJÖGREN 1993, 2003). It is mostly dominated by Ptychomitrium spp., ...
PDF - Ocean Science Foundation
... corner of the Gulf of Mexico (see Fig 1). The present report shows that N. cyanomos occurs on additional reefs well to the northwest and northeast of the Coatzacoalcos sites, and that its current range spans a large proportion of the southwest Gulf of Mexico, but does not appear to extend beyond tha ...
... corner of the Gulf of Mexico (see Fig 1). The present report shows that N. cyanomos occurs on additional reefs well to the northwest and northeast of the Coatzacoalcos sites, and that its current range spans a large proportion of the southwest Gulf of Mexico, but does not appear to extend beyond tha ...
Prey species use a variety of mechanisms to escape from their
... (Table II). When the epipodial tentacles or the side of the foot were touched by a starfish’s tube feet, the snail turned away from the point of contact and moved off at an increased speed. If contact was made head-on or on the cephalic tentacles, the snail recoiled, lifted the anterior portion of t ...
... (Table II). When the epipodial tentacles or the side of the foot were touched by a starfish’s tube feet, the snail turned away from the point of contact and moved off at an increased speed. If contact was made head-on or on the cephalic tentacles, the snail recoiled, lifted the anterior portion of t ...
Variation in Body Shape across Species and Populations in a
... niche axis is more detectable, groups are expected to be adapted to complex combinations of resources and threats. For example, the body shape of Anolis lizards is roughly correlated with different microhabitats [19,20], but the specific pattern of morphological differentiation among lizard species, ...
... niche axis is more detectable, groups are expected to be adapted to complex combinations of resources and threats. For example, the body shape of Anolis lizards is roughly correlated with different microhabitats [19,20], but the specific pattern of morphological differentiation among lizard species, ...
Download Chapter 6: Conclusions
... explanation for the proportionally greater consumption of large fruits and seeds relative to smaller fruits and seeds by black rats may be related to the reduced time to satiation when large seeds are eaten (Janzen 1971). As described in the previous hypothesis, most of the intermediate-sized seeds ...
... explanation for the proportionally greater consumption of large fruits and seeds relative to smaller fruits and seeds by black rats may be related to the reduced time to satiation when large seeds are eaten (Janzen 1971). As described in the previous hypothesis, most of the intermediate-sized seeds ...
Introduced species
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Melilotus_alba_bgiu.jpg?width=300)
An introduced, alien, exotic, non-indigenous, or non-native species, or simply an introduction, is a species living outside its native distributional range, which has arrived there by human activity, either deliberate or accidental. Non-native species can have various effects on the local ecosystem. Introduced species that become established and spread beyond the place of introduction are called invasive species. Some have a negative effect on a local ecosystem. Some introduced species may have no negative effect or only minor impact. Some species have been introduced intentionally to combat pests. They are called biocontrols and may be regarded as beneficial as an alternative to pesticides in agriculture for example. In some instances the potential for being beneficial or detrimental in the long run remains unknown. A list of some introduced species is given in a separate article.The effects of introduced species on natural environments have gained much scrutiny from scientists, governments, farmers and others.