Demographic controls of aboveground forest biomass across North
... Variation in community-level growth or mortality can arise through different combinations of species and spatial effects on demographic performance. We distinguish four cases, depicted conceptually in Fig. 2. In the first case, we expect that species performance does not change across clusters, and ...
... Variation in community-level growth or mortality can arise through different combinations of species and spatial effects on demographic performance. We distinguish four cases, depicted conceptually in Fig. 2. In the first case, we expect that species performance does not change across clusters, and ...
Strasbourg, 22 May 2002
... higher temperatures, and an increase in temperature of 1ºC led to an average advance in first flight date of 4.5 days (Roy & Sparks 2000). First appearance by butterflies has also advanced in Catalonia (Spain) associated with higher temperatures and lower rainfall in winter or spring (Stefanescu et ...
... higher temperatures, and an increase in temperature of 1ºC led to an average advance in first flight date of 4.5 days (Roy & Sparks 2000). First appearance by butterflies has also advanced in Catalonia (Spain) associated with higher temperatures and lower rainfall in winter or spring (Stefanescu et ...
Elucidating the native sources of an invasive tree species, Acacia
... native source populations of Acacia pycnantha, a tree native to south-eastern Australia and invasive in South Africa, Western Australia and Portugal. Using a phylogeographical approach also allowed an exploration of the historical processes that have shaped the genetic structure of A. pycnantha in i ...
... native source populations of Acacia pycnantha, a tree native to south-eastern Australia and invasive in South Africa, Western Australia and Portugal. Using a phylogeographical approach also allowed an exploration of the historical processes that have shaped the genetic structure of A. pycnantha in i ...
Ecosystems and Living Organisms
... species alter the environment in some way to make it more habitable by other species As more species arrive, the earlier species are ...
... species alter the environment in some way to make it more habitable by other species As more species arrive, the earlier species are ...
Chapter 5 Notes
... species alter the environment in some way to make it more habitable by other species As more species arrive, the earlier species are ...
... species alter the environment in some way to make it more habitable by other species As more species arrive, the earlier species are ...
Bird response to disturbance varies with forest productivity in the
... this response in vegetation through two mechanisms. First, rapid vegetative recovery and high levels of plant biomass following disturbance in productive stands will facilitate bird abundance and richness through the ‘‘more individuals hypothesis’’, which suggests that higher levels of plant biomass ...
... this response in vegetation through two mechanisms. First, rapid vegetative recovery and high levels of plant biomass following disturbance in productive stands will facilitate bird abundance and richness through the ‘‘more individuals hypothesis’’, which suggests that higher levels of plant biomass ...
Action Plan for Seabird Conservation in New Zealand Part B: Non
... possibly Pacific rats and feral cats. Pacific rats may restrict the population on Macauley Island to breeding on cliff faces and coastal ledges where rats are scarce or absent (Taylor & Tennyson 1988). Feral goats impacted on colonies on Macauley Island by destroying all trees, which are preferred n ...
... possibly Pacific rats and feral cats. Pacific rats may restrict the population on Macauley Island to breeding on cliff faces and coastal ledges where rats are scarce or absent (Taylor & Tennyson 1988). Feral goats impacted on colonies on Macauley Island by destroying all trees, which are preferred n ...
Chapter 15. - Invasive.Org
... RODOLIA CARDINALIS: THE SOLUTION—BUT IS IT SAFE? Rodolia cardinalis, otherwise known as the vedalia beetle, is believed to be native to Australia (Prasad, 1989). After the successful use of this beetle to control I. purchasi on citrus in California in the 1880s, R. cardinalis was introduced into ove ...
... RODOLIA CARDINALIS: THE SOLUTION—BUT IS IT SAFE? Rodolia cardinalis, otherwise known as the vedalia beetle, is believed to be native to Australia (Prasad, 1989). After the successful use of this beetle to control I. purchasi on citrus in California in the 1880s, R. cardinalis was introduced into ove ...
INTRODUCTION Definition and meaning, guiding principles
... UWC is also fortunate in having an Environmental Education and Resource Unit, which undertakes many outreach programmes for local communities. People’s realization of their roles in determining their future on earth prompted the development in the 1980’s of the World Conservation Strategy. The surfa ...
... UWC is also fortunate in having an Environmental Education and Resource Unit, which undertakes many outreach programmes for local communities. People’s realization of their roles in determining their future on earth prompted the development in the 1980’s of the World Conservation Strategy. The surfa ...
Common Name: CHICKAMAUGA CRAYFISH Scientific Name
... mother by a thread. After the juveniles molt for the second time, they are free of the mother, but stay close and will hold on to her for some time. Eventually they move off on their own. Crayfishes molt 6 or 7 times during their first year of life and most are probably able to reproduce by the end ...
... mother by a thread. After the juveniles molt for the second time, they are free of the mother, but stay close and will hold on to her for some time. Eventually they move off on their own. Crayfishes molt 6 or 7 times during their first year of life and most are probably able to reproduce by the end ...
More than a meal integrating nonfeeding interactions into food webs
... parameters simultaneously. For example, mussel beds provide habitat for other species (e.g. crabs); this Ôhabitat provisioningÕ can increase establishment success and reduce physiological stress (decrease metabolism and ⁄ or increase survival) of crabs. In addition, crabs may benefit from reduced co ...
... parameters simultaneously. For example, mussel beds provide habitat for other species (e.g. crabs); this Ôhabitat provisioningÕ can increase establishment success and reduce physiological stress (decrease metabolism and ⁄ or increase survival) of crabs. In addition, crabs may benefit from reduced co ...
More than a meal integrating nonfeeding interactions into food webs
... parameters simultaneously. For example, mussel beds provide habitat for other species (e.g. crabs); this Ôhabitat provisioningÕ can increase establishment success and reduce physiological stress (decrease metabolism and ⁄ or increase survival) of crabs. In addition, crabs may benefit from reduced co ...
... parameters simultaneously. For example, mussel beds provide habitat for other species (e.g. crabs); this Ôhabitat provisioningÕ can increase establishment success and reduce physiological stress (decrease metabolism and ⁄ or increase survival) of crabs. In addition, crabs may benefit from reduced co ...
07
... 22. The Army will inform the O`ahu NARS Manager or his designee in writing at least two weeks prior to any trip to Ka`ala Natural Area Reserve and adjacent Army lands when allowing groups to transit through Ka`ala NAR for educational or service project related visits. The O`ahu NARS Program may dire ...
... 22. The Army will inform the O`ahu NARS Manager or his designee in writing at least two weeks prior to any trip to Ka`ala Natural Area Reserve and adjacent Army lands when allowing groups to transit through Ka`ala NAR for educational or service project related visits. The O`ahu NARS Program may dire ...
Conservation priorities for species and ecosystems: primer (PDF
... and ecosystems (e.g. recovery plans, land-use plans). • Acting: implementing on-the-ground protection measures, including ecosystem and habitat protection and restoration, stewardship, species and population management (such as captive breeding, supplemental feeding, alien predator control), and re ...
... and ecosystems (e.g. recovery plans, land-use plans). • Acting: implementing on-the-ground protection measures, including ecosystem and habitat protection and restoration, stewardship, species and population management (such as captive breeding, supplemental feeding, alien predator control), and re ...
Diversity and ecosystem functioning: Litter decomposition
... of litter mixtures differed from what would be expected from the decomposition rates of their component species. However, there were also differences between mixtures, which could be at least partly attributed to the varying influence of invertebrates. We conclude that the relationship between the de ...
... of litter mixtures differed from what would be expected from the decomposition rates of their component species. However, there were also differences between mixtures, which could be at least partly attributed to the varying influence of invertebrates. We conclude that the relationship between the de ...
as a PDF
... having expanded dramatically to an extent that prompted the biocontrol efforts, have declined to more or less tolerable levels (Mead, 1979; Cowie, 1992). This decline has been attributed to the biocontrol programmes by their supporters (e.g. Davis and Butler, 1964) and sometimes by an ill-informed a ...
... having expanded dramatically to an extent that prompted the biocontrol efforts, have declined to more or less tolerable levels (Mead, 1979; Cowie, 1992). This decline has been attributed to the biocontrol programmes by their supporters (e.g. Davis and Butler, 1964) and sometimes by an ill-informed a ...
“Low down Dirty Rat”: Popular and Moral Responses
... 1.2. Rats: the quintessential urban dweller Unlike possums, rats are found throughout the world. While there are 56 species of rats, the best known are the black (Rattus rattus) and brown (Rattus norvegicus) rats. Indeed, the black and brown rats have been so successful in evolutionary terms that m ...
... 1.2. Rats: the quintessential urban dweller Unlike possums, rats are found throughout the world. While there are 56 species of rats, the best known are the black (Rattus rattus) and brown (Rattus norvegicus) rats. Indeed, the black and brown rats have been so successful in evolutionary terms that m ...
An ant–plant by-product mutualism is robust to selective logging of
... Ant exclusions were conducted in 2003 to verify any correlational patterns. On 20 additional ferns in each habitat (diameter 50–180 cm, height above ground level 0.8– 3.3 m), we selected two fronds of similar size with minimal herbivory and assigned these to control and ant exclusion treatments at r ...
... Ant exclusions were conducted in 2003 to verify any correlational patterns. On 20 additional ferns in each habitat (diameter 50–180 cm, height above ground level 0.8– 3.3 m), we selected two fronds of similar size with minimal herbivory and assigned these to control and ant exclusion treatments at r ...
TAUTOG Tautoga onitis Sometimes known as Blackfish, White Chin
... that also provide them with shelter and food sources (ASMFC 1996). In the waters north of Cape Cod, Tautog is typically found within 4 miles of shore and in waters less than 60 ft. deep around rocks and boulders, while south of Cape Cod they are found as far as 40 miles offshore and in waters up to ...
... that also provide them with shelter and food sources (ASMFC 1996). In the waters north of Cape Cod, Tautog is typically found within 4 miles of shore and in waters less than 60 ft. deep around rocks and boulders, while south of Cape Cod they are found as far as 40 miles offshore and in waters up to ...
pdf - New Zealand Ecological Society
... recovered from the 51 gravel beaches sampled (Appendix 1) throughout New Zealand. The abundance of surface-down invertebrates varied considerably between gravel beaches, ranging from less than one to as many as 70 m–2 with a mean of 10 m–2 (±2 SE) (Fig. 1). Acari and Collembola were by far the most ...
... recovered from the 51 gravel beaches sampled (Appendix 1) throughout New Zealand. The abundance of surface-down invertebrates varied considerably between gravel beaches, ranging from less than one to as many as 70 m–2 with a mean of 10 m–2 (±2 SE) (Fig. 1). Acari and Collembola were by far the most ...
Perennial habitat fragments, parasitoid diversity and
... 1. Agricultural intensification has led to the removal of semi-wild, perennial vegetation in agricultural landscapes. However, in short-cycle crops, frequent disturbance from insecticides, harvesting and tillage disrupts the establishment of resident communities of natural enemies of pests. Semi-wil ...
... 1. Agricultural intensification has led to the removal of semi-wild, perennial vegetation in agricultural landscapes. However, in short-cycle crops, frequent disturbance from insecticides, harvesting and tillage disrupts the establishment of resident communities of natural enemies of pests. Semi-wil ...
uncorrected page proofs
... (bio)chemistry, a masters degree in Cell and Molecular Biology, and a PhD, earned at the University of California, Santa Barbara, in the Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology Department where she studied molecular microbial ecology in Antarctic and coastal Californian ecosystems. She is currently a ...
... (bio)chemistry, a masters degree in Cell and Molecular Biology, and a PhD, earned at the University of California, Santa Barbara, in the Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology Department where she studied molecular microbial ecology in Antarctic and coastal Californian ecosystems. She is currently a ...
Annotated-Bib - WordPress.com
... would normally look as if to be a conflict, which they should not have to. Contained in the book Bostock examines the assorted technical and ethical issues involved in animal rights. Some examples are that there is human domination over animals. Some examples animals not in their natural environment ...
... would normally look as if to be a conflict, which they should not have to. Contained in the book Bostock examines the assorted technical and ethical issues involved in animal rights. Some examples are that there is human domination over animals. Some examples animals not in their natural environment ...
L E T T E R
... As there was no trend in species richness over time, data on species richness were not detrended. Dependent variables in the analysis of stability of diversity were the same as in the analysis of individual populations. In addition, we tested whether the temporal stability in species richness of her ...
... As there was no trend in species richness over time, data on species richness were not detrended. Dependent variables in the analysis of stability of diversity were the same as in the analysis of individual populations. In addition, we tested whether the temporal stability in species richness of her ...
Island restoration
The ecological restoration of islands, or island restoration, is the application of the principles of ecological restoration to islands and island groups. Islands, due to their isolation, are home to many of the world's endemic species, as well as important breeding grounds for seabirds and some marine mammals. Their ecosystems are also very vulnerable to human disturbance and particularly to introduced species, due to their small size. Island groups such as New Zealand and Hawaii have undergone substantial extinctions and losses of habitat. Since the 1950s several organisations and government agencies around the world have worked to restore islands to their original states; New Zealand has used them to hold natural populations of species that would otherwise be unable to survive in the wild. The principal components of island restoration are the removal of introduced species and the reintroduction of native species.