Comparing impacts of invasive plants and animals using a
... nutrients, food, water, space or other resources, including competition for pollinators which might affect plant fecundity (i.e. fruit or seed set). Often, the alien species outcompetes native species due to higher reproduction, resistance or longevity. In the beginning, this impact may be inconspic ...
... nutrients, food, water, space or other resources, including competition for pollinators which might affect plant fecundity (i.e. fruit or seed set). Often, the alien species outcompetes native species due to higher reproduction, resistance or longevity. In the beginning, this impact may be inconspic ...
The b-richness of two detritivore caddisflies affects fine organic
... (low b-richness) or allopatry (high b-richness) in the tributaries of each network. The tributaries were given either senesced or green speckled alder (Alnus incana rugosa). In the networks with senesced leaves, particle export was more than twice as great when the detritivores were in allopatry whe ...
... (low b-richness) or allopatry (high b-richness) in the tributaries of each network. The tributaries were given either senesced or green speckled alder (Alnus incana rugosa). In the networks with senesced leaves, particle export was more than twice as great when the detritivores were in allopatry whe ...
Habitat Features Determine the Basking Distribution of
... equal population sizes of E. marmorata (n 5 54, 95% CI, 47–65) and T. s. elegans (n 5 50, 95% CI, 41–65). The population estimate for E. marmorata is similar to that of Spinks et al. (2003), which reported a population size of 53 (95% CI, 48–66), which indicates a stable population size for this spe ...
... equal population sizes of E. marmorata (n 5 54, 95% CI, 47–65) and T. s. elegans (n 5 50, 95% CI, 41–65). The population estimate for E. marmorata is similar to that of Spinks et al. (2003), which reported a population size of 53 (95% CI, 48–66), which indicates a stable population size for this spe ...
J F MAMMALS OF THE FREEMAN RANCH, HAYS COUNTY, TEXAS
... Changes induced by ungulate grazing on the local environment have been documented across a wide range of North American grassland types (Grant et al., 1982). Grazing alters the structure of native biotic communities, affecting changes in plant species composition and diversity, primary productivity, ...
... Changes induced by ungulate grazing on the local environment have been documented across a wide range of North American grassland types (Grant et al., 1982). Grazing alters the structure of native biotic communities, affecting changes in plant species composition and diversity, primary productivity, ...
Asymmetric larval interactions between introduced and indigenous
... remained. We therefore attributed the cause of death to predation or cannibalism (nonetheless, we recognize that a weakened condition from exploitative competition or other causes of poor health may have predisposed the larva to become a victim of IGP or cannibalism). From these observations, we det ...
... remained. We therefore attributed the cause of death to predation or cannibalism (nonetheless, we recognize that a weakened condition from exploitative competition or other causes of poor health may have predisposed the larva to become a victim of IGP or cannibalism). From these observations, we det ...
Across ecosystem comparisons of size structure: methods
... explicit details often need to be provided as to what exactly is being measured in a given study. Thus, the general, often unaddressed, question that underpins any investigation of the importance of size in structuring communities is: ‘the size of what?’ It is critical that this is clearly defined, e ...
... explicit details often need to be provided as to what exactly is being measured in a given study. Thus, the general, often unaddressed, question that underpins any investigation of the importance of size in structuring communities is: ‘the size of what?’ It is critical that this is clearly defined, e ...
Reintroducing captive breed species – the effects
... activities. Although mankind has introduced species into the wild for over a millennia, it is only for the last 100 years conservationists have reintroduced species to their historical natural habitat, in an effort to ―undo‖ the damages caused by mankind (Armstrong & Seddon, 2007, Frankham, 2010, Mo ...
... activities. Although mankind has introduced species into the wild for over a millennia, it is only for the last 100 years conservationists have reintroduced species to their historical natural habitat, in an effort to ―undo‖ the damages caused by mankind (Armstrong & Seddon, 2007, Frankham, 2010, Mo ...
Eco-evolutionary buffering: rapid evolution facilitates regional
... species pool, often an unrealistic assumption. Here we develop an eco-evolutionary hypothesis to solve this conundrum. Using a metacommunity model in which priority effects occur ...
... species pool, often an unrealistic assumption. Here we develop an eco-evolutionary hypothesis to solve this conundrum. Using a metacommunity model in which priority effects occur ...
Trophic Organization of Fishes in a Coastal
... were ordered accordingly (Table 3). In this way, sizespecific feeding classes were arranged according to similar dietary habits within a given species. There w a s a range of species-specific feeding patterns, with n o uniform pattern among all species. For instance, species such as Anchoa mitchilli ...
... were ordered accordingly (Table 3). In this way, sizespecific feeding classes were arranged according to similar dietary habits within a given species. There w a s a range of species-specific feeding patterns, with n o uniform pattern among all species. For instance, species such as Anchoa mitchilli ...
Evidence for the Role of Infectious Disease in Species Extinction
... List reports more than 38,000 plants and animals whose status is categorized based on a defined set of criteria as extinct, extinct in the wild, critically endangered, endangered, vulnerable, lower risk, near threatened, data deficient, or of least concern (IUCN 2004). The database is a searchable c ...
... List reports more than 38,000 plants and animals whose status is categorized based on a defined set of criteria as extinct, extinct in the wild, critically endangered, endangered, vulnerable, lower risk, near threatened, data deficient, or of least concern (IUCN 2004). The database is a searchable c ...
Chapter 55
... Estimates Based on Direct Counts • The best information on current extinction rates comes from studies on birds. ...
... Estimates Based on Direct Counts • The best information on current extinction rates comes from studies on birds. ...
Successful Invasion of a Food Web in a Chemostat
... a specific ecosystem reduced the number of species in the community from 15 to 8. My results also tend to support Paine’s postulate. In addition, they predict which populations may be unable to invade an ecosystem and which may be able to successfully invade with or without causing a significant cha ...
... a specific ecosystem reduced the number of species in the community from 15 to 8. My results also tend to support Paine’s postulate. In addition, they predict which populations may be unable to invade an ecosystem and which may be able to successfully invade with or without causing a significant cha ...
The scope of the problem - Assets
... colony survival. For the plant this means that one of its seeds is lost. However, seeds found by ants may subsequently be lost by them and germinate in the vicinity of an ants’ nest where herbivore pressure might be reduced and nutrient supply enhanced. The critical question is what proportion of se ...
... colony survival. For the plant this means that one of its seeds is lost. However, seeds found by ants may subsequently be lost by them and germinate in the vicinity of an ants’ nest where herbivore pressure might be reduced and nutrient supply enhanced. The critical question is what proportion of se ...
Understanding Our Environment
... Law of Competitive Exclusion - No two species will occupy the same niche and compete for exactly the same resources for an extended period of time. One will either migrate, become extinct, or partition the resource and utilize a sub-set of the same resource. - Given resource can only be partitione ...
... Law of Competitive Exclusion - No two species will occupy the same niche and compete for exactly the same resources for an extended period of time. One will either migrate, become extinct, or partition the resource and utilize a sub-set of the same resource. - Given resource can only be partitione ...
predicting coexistence in species with continuous ontogenetic niche
... cycle indicates that coexistence requires at least one species to shift its niche between stages and ...
... cycle indicates that coexistence requires at least one species to shift its niche between stages and ...
Macrobenthic community structure of soft-bottom sediments Lefrere L.
... a sand bottom and a low specific richness. These sites are located in the downstream part of the lagoon, where the values of temperature and salinity are fairly close to oceanic values. Therefore, in these four stations, there are only two species of Polychaetes and five species of molluscs. This gr ...
... a sand bottom and a low specific richness. These sites are located in the downstream part of the lagoon, where the values of temperature and salinity are fairly close to oceanic values. Therefore, in these four stations, there are only two species of Polychaetes and five species of molluscs. This gr ...
The role of metapopulations in conservation
... wild dogs and to minimize conflict with livestock farmers. Fences act as important barriers to the movements of the dogs, so that there is little emigration and even less immigration. The reserves are isolated from each other, with no possibility at present to establish corridors, and almost all mov ...
... wild dogs and to minimize conflict with livestock farmers. Fences act as important barriers to the movements of the dogs, so that there is little emigration and even less immigration. The reserves are isolated from each other, with no possibility at present to establish corridors, and almost all mov ...
Physical factors affecting the relative abundance
... normalizing E. ischnus and G. fasciatus variances (Downing 1979). This relationship was determined for quadrats (s2 = 0.52m3.02, r2 = 0.99, p = 0.0780) and seasonal site means (s2 = 0.40m1.88, r2 = 0.90, p = 0.0001). Paired sample t tests were used to determine whether mean E. ischnus and G. fasciat ...
... normalizing E. ischnus and G. fasciatus variances (Downing 1979). This relationship was determined for quadrats (s2 = 0.52m3.02, r2 = 0.99, p = 0.0780) and seasonal site means (s2 = 0.40m1.88, r2 = 0.90, p = 0.0001). Paired sample t tests were used to determine whether mean E. ischnus and G. fasciat ...
Human-Induced Trophic Cascades along the Fecal Detritus Pathway
... length (mean length: 4,8176337.3 m, n = 26) was surveyed both in the morning and afternoon, over a period of 4–5 consecutive rainless days every month by a trained field assistant from the nearest village, at a mean velocity of 1.2 km/h [50]. Species identity, group size and location were recorded f ...
... length (mean length: 4,8176337.3 m, n = 26) was surveyed both in the morning and afternoon, over a period of 4–5 consecutive rainless days every month by a trained field assistant from the nearest village, at a mean velocity of 1.2 km/h [50]. Species identity, group size and location were recorded f ...
Effects of predation risk on group size, vigilance
... and to identify the factors that affect their relative importance. Ungulates often respond to predation risk with increased vigilance and altered patterns of aggregation (Prins and Iason 1989; Hunter and Skinner 1998; Caro 2005; Creel and Winnie 2005), but we know relatively little about the factors ...
... and to identify the factors that affect their relative importance. Ungulates often respond to predation risk with increased vigilance and altered patterns of aggregation (Prins and Iason 1989; Hunter and Skinner 1998; Caro 2005; Creel and Winnie 2005), but we know relatively little about the factors ...
Ecological and genetic models of diversity
... and a rate of output (extinction). The underpinning of the model is illustrated with a cartoon showing islands of variable size and distance from a mainland, the two key island characteristics assumed to determine rates of extinction and colonization (Fig. 1A). The MacArthur-Wilson model is widely a ...
... and a rate of output (extinction). The underpinning of the model is illustrated with a cartoon showing islands of variable size and distance from a mainland, the two key island characteristics assumed to determine rates of extinction and colonization (Fig. 1A). The MacArthur-Wilson model is widely a ...
Food web structure affects the extinction risk of species in ecological
... It is concluded that not just the presence of strong interactions but also their position and direction can have profound effects on extinction risk of species. Three principal components, based on 11 different food web metrics, explained 76.6% of the variation in trophic structure among food webs t ...
... It is concluded that not just the presence of strong interactions but also their position and direction can have profound effects on extinction risk of species. Three principal components, based on 11 different food web metrics, explained 76.6% of the variation in trophic structure among food webs t ...
Mountain Cultures, Keystone Species: Exploring the Role of Cultural
... and disciplines; and capacity-building for cultural conservation and natural resource management or restoration by encouraging sustainable livelihood enterprises that supplement existing agricultural and pastoral activities. Primary project activities: • A literature review covering the concept of c ...
... and disciplines; and capacity-building for cultural conservation and natural resource management or restoration by encouraging sustainable livelihood enterprises that supplement existing agricultural and pastoral activities. Primary project activities: • A literature review covering the concept of c ...
Genetic diversity
... (if it is in danger of extinction in all or most of its range) - Can be listed b/c of habitat destruction, overexploitation, disease/predation, inadequacy of existing regulations, any human threat to its continued existence • Law prohibits any action (either administrative or “real”) that results in ...
... (if it is in danger of extinction in all or most of its range) - Can be listed b/c of habitat destruction, overexploitation, disease/predation, inadequacy of existing regulations, any human threat to its continued existence • Law prohibits any action (either administrative or “real”) that results in ...
APPENDIX B-2A Duchess Paradise Project
... Northern quolls do not have highly specific habitat requirements. They occur in a variety of habitats across their range. They are opportunistic foragers that feed on a broad range of items switching dietary resources according to season and availability. Daytime den sites provide important shelter ...
... Northern quolls do not have highly specific habitat requirements. They occur in a variety of habitats across their range. They are opportunistic foragers that feed on a broad range of items switching dietary resources according to season and availability. Daytime den sites provide important shelter ...