Rate at which glutamine enters TCA cycle influences carbon atom
... values for maximal rate (Vmax ) and the glutamine concentration needed to achieve the half-maximal rate of CO2 production from either [U-14C]glutamine or [1-14C]glutamine (Kox ). The objective of experiment 4 was to determine whether reducing entry of glutamine carbon into the TCA cycle with a trans ...
... values for maximal rate (Vmax ) and the glutamine concentration needed to achieve the half-maximal rate of CO2 production from either [U-14C]glutamine or [1-14C]glutamine (Kox ). The objective of experiment 4 was to determine whether reducing entry of glutamine carbon into the TCA cycle with a trans ...
MODELING THE MIRROR: GRASP LEARNING AND ACTION
... DEDICATION ........................................................................................................................... ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .....................................................................................................iii ...
... DEDICATION ........................................................................................................................... ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .....................................................................................................iii ...
Neural Mechanisms of Extinction Learning and Retrieval
... basolateral amygdala (BLA) associates sensory and shockrelated inputs and influences central nucleus output neurons, which drive fear expression through descending projections (Pare et al, 2004; Davis, 2006; Phelps and LeDoux, 2005). The site of extinction acquisition, however, has been difficult to ...
... basolateral amygdala (BLA) associates sensory and shockrelated inputs and influences central nucleus output neurons, which drive fear expression through descending projections (Pare et al, 2004; Davis, 2006; Phelps and LeDoux, 2005). The site of extinction acquisition, however, has been difficult to ...
The Role of Kv7 in Peripheral Neurons
... Follow this and additional works at: http://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Biology Commons, Medicine and Health Sciences Commons, and the Neuroscience and Neurobiology Commons ...
... Follow this and additional works at: http://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Biology Commons, Medicine and Health Sciences Commons, and the Neuroscience and Neurobiology Commons ...
Calreticulin, a multi-process calcium
... is targeted for degradation by the proteasomal pathway [2]. Buildup of these misfolded or unfolded proteins triggers a variety of signalling pathways that control subsequent ER stress. Chaperone activity is necessary for a protein to obtain functional shape, but has been observed to be redundant in ...
... is targeted for degradation by the proteasomal pathway [2]. Buildup of these misfolded or unfolded proteins triggers a variety of signalling pathways that control subsequent ER stress. Chaperone activity is necessary for a protein to obtain functional shape, but has been observed to be redundant in ...
Catalytic Mechanism and Regulation of Mammalian Adenylyl Cyclases
... receptor, a heterotrimeric G protein, and adenylyl cyclase. The main stimulatory effect of adenylyl cyclase by hormones and neurotransmitters is mediated by Gsa, the a subunit of Gs protein that stimulates adenylyl cyclase. Although each of the nine isoforms (types I–IX) of mammalian adenylyl cyclas ...
... receptor, a heterotrimeric G protein, and adenylyl cyclase. The main stimulatory effect of adenylyl cyclase by hormones and neurotransmitters is mediated by Gsa, the a subunit of Gs protein that stimulates adenylyl cyclase. Although each of the nine isoforms (types I–IX) of mammalian adenylyl cyclas ...
The dynamic cytoskeleton: backbone of dendritic spine plasticity
... during the construction of a functional nervous system as well as for learning and memory throughout life. When processes involved in synaptic plasticity go awry, either in disease or during aging, dysfunction of the organism results. Myriad studies have provided evidence for both short-term and lon ...
... during the construction of a functional nervous system as well as for learning and memory throughout life. When processes involved in synaptic plasticity go awry, either in disease or during aging, dysfunction of the organism results. Myriad studies have provided evidence for both short-term and lon ...
Functional and Biochemical Analysis of Glucose-6
... most common enzymopathy, affecting nearly 400 million people worldwide [1]. G6PD deficiency is genetically heterogeneous with 217 mutations reported, which have been mainly found in the coding regions and are buried in the enzyme, producing functionally-deficient G6PD variants [2]. This enzymopathy ...
... most common enzymopathy, affecting nearly 400 million people worldwide [1]. G6PD deficiency is genetically heterogeneous with 217 mutations reported, which have been mainly found in the coding regions and are buried in the enzyme, producing functionally-deficient G6PD variants [2]. This enzymopathy ...
The Effect of Thalidomide on Oxidation of Midazolam, S
... More than half of all pregnant women experience morning sickness. 1 With this alarming statistic, a company based in Germany called Grunenthal developed a drug for expecting mothers in the late 1950s called Thalidomide. 2 Soon after its introduction, over 10,000 babies were born with severe birth de ...
... More than half of all pregnant women experience morning sickness. 1 With this alarming statistic, a company based in Germany called Grunenthal developed a drug for expecting mothers in the late 1950s called Thalidomide. 2 Soon after its introduction, over 10,000 babies were born with severe birth de ...
Get PDF - IOS Press
... vagus nerve attenuates cytokine production, thereby improving survival in experimental sepsis, hemorrhagic shock, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and other conditions of cytokine excess [2]. Proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor-␣ (TNF-␣) and interleukin-6 (IL- ...
... vagus nerve attenuates cytokine production, thereby improving survival in experimental sepsis, hemorrhagic shock, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and other conditions of cytokine excess [2]. Proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor-␣ (TNF-␣) and interleukin-6 (IL- ...
Technical Brief
... Kwashiorkor resulting from a dysadaptation to a low protein high carbohydrate diet ......................... 14 Kwashiorkor and aflatoxins............................................................................................................... 16 The role of oxidative stress – the free radical ...
... Kwashiorkor resulting from a dysadaptation to a low protein high carbohydrate diet ......................... 14 Kwashiorkor and aflatoxins............................................................................................................... 16 The role of oxidative stress – the free radical ...
Mechanisms of axon degeneration: From development to disease
... pathology. According to this definition, diseases of the nervous system can thus involve axonal and/or dendritic degeneration processes, but these likely only represent a rather small fraction of the pathology that can be associated with disease and/or age. As will become clear in the last part of t ...
... pathology. According to this definition, diseases of the nervous system can thus involve axonal and/or dendritic degeneration processes, but these likely only represent a rather small fraction of the pathology that can be associated with disease and/or age. As will become clear in the last part of t ...
Thomas C. Südhof - Nobel Lecture Slides
... botulinum toxins (C. Montecucco + R. Jahn laboratories; 1992/1993) 2. Synaptobrevin, SNAP-25, and syntaxin form a complex, known as SNARE complex (J. Rothman laboratory; 1993) 3. Munc18 binds to SNAREs and is homologous to Unc18 and Sec1p, proteins known to be essential for C. elegans movements and ...
... botulinum toxins (C. Montecucco + R. Jahn laboratories; 1992/1993) 2. Synaptobrevin, SNAP-25, and syntaxin form a complex, known as SNARE complex (J. Rothman laboratory; 1993) 3. Munc18 binds to SNAREs and is homologous to Unc18 and Sec1p, proteins known to be essential for C. elegans movements and ...
SOP #11 Acoustic Startle and Pre
... relatively intense stimuli. It offers many advantages as a behavioral measure of central nervous system (CNS) activity and can be measured in numerous species, including humans, when elicited by acoustic (noise bursts), electrical (cutaneous), tactile (air puff), or visual (light flash) stimuli. The ...
... relatively intense stimuli. It offers many advantages as a behavioral measure of central nervous system (CNS) activity and can be measured in numerous species, including humans, when elicited by acoustic (noise bursts), electrical (cutaneous), tactile (air puff), or visual (light flash) stimuli. The ...
Structure and dynamics of the corticothalamic driver pathway in the
... along the processing chain, the stimulus specificity of responses as well as the input-output transformations at each station. An interesting model system for investigating these dynamical processes is the rodent whisker system. Rodents can solve highly complicated tasks with their whiskers alone, d ...
... along the processing chain, the stimulus specificity of responses as well as the input-output transformations at each station. An interesting model system for investigating these dynamical processes is the rodent whisker system. Rodents can solve highly complicated tasks with their whiskers alone, d ...
Organization of the Olfactory and Respiratory Skeleton in the Nose
... in the mouse (Mus musculus) than in any other chordate yet sampled. G-protein-coupled ORs in the nose are encoded by nearly 1000 genes. They comprise between 1 and 5% of the total mouse genome and form its largest single gene family (Buck and Axel, 1991; Ressler et al., 1993, 1994). Comparative anal ...
... in the mouse (Mus musculus) than in any other chordate yet sampled. G-protein-coupled ORs in the nose are encoded by nearly 1000 genes. They comprise between 1 and 5% of the total mouse genome and form its largest single gene family (Buck and Axel, 1991; Ressler et al., 1993, 1994). Comparative anal ...
The role of homocysteine in endothelial dysfunction
... hypothesis by which homocysteine evokes vascular damage. However, there are numerous biological and biomolecular mechanisms that have been heavily studied and proposed to explain the pathological changes associated with elevated tHcy levels [34]. Oxidative stress is possibly the most detrimental st ...
... hypothesis by which homocysteine evokes vascular damage. However, there are numerous biological and biomolecular mechanisms that have been heavily studied and proposed to explain the pathological changes associated with elevated tHcy levels [34]. Oxidative stress is possibly the most detrimental st ...
Organization of projections from the basomedial nucleus of the
... functions, from sexual and social behaviors to emotion and sensory-associative learning (see Discussion). It is becoming clear that specific amygdalar nuclei contribute differentially to the various functions associated with this part of the inferior temporal lobe, and an appreciation of these contr ...
... functions, from sexual and social behaviors to emotion and sensory-associative learning (see Discussion). It is becoming clear that specific amygdalar nuclei contribute differentially to the various functions associated with this part of the inferior temporal lobe, and an appreciation of these contr ...
Antagonistic roles of Wnt5 and the Drl receptor in patterning the
... ectopic midline glomeruli and the accumulation of Wnt5 at the midline. We show here that drl functions in glial cells, where it acts upstream of wnt5 to modulate its function in glomerular patterning. Our findings establish wnt5 as an anterograde signal that is expressed by olfactory axons and demon ...
... ectopic midline glomeruli and the accumulation of Wnt5 at the midline. We show here that drl functions in glial cells, where it acts upstream of wnt5 to modulate its function in glomerular patterning. Our findings establish wnt5 as an anterograde signal that is expressed by olfactory axons and demon ...
Potential switch from eupnea to fictive gasping after blockade of
... The changes in the characteristics of phrenic activity with the alteration from eupnea to gasping are shown in Fig. 1. With the onset of ischemia, peak phrenic activity initially rose and was then succeeded by a period of variable duration in which the period between phrenic bursts was prolonged. Th ...
... The changes in the characteristics of phrenic activity with the alteration from eupnea to gasping are shown in Fig. 1. With the onset of ischemia, peak phrenic activity initially rose and was then succeeded by a period of variable duration in which the period between phrenic bursts was prolonged. Th ...
battisti_nnconvulsions_en - ORBi
... seizures, and not just diagnosing every bowel movement as a seizure is in looking for any associated signs, such as autonomic changes like BP or HR increase. Autonomic sx may be an isolated finding in preemies, but usually accompanies sz’s in term. The most common subtle manifestation is tonic horiz ...
... seizures, and not just diagnosing every bowel movement as a seizure is in looking for any associated signs, such as autonomic changes like BP or HR increase. Autonomic sx may be an isolated finding in preemies, but usually accompanies sz’s in term. The most common subtle manifestation is tonic horiz ...
Previous results from our laboratory have shown that administration
... adolescence. Adolescents with “adolescent-onset alcohol use disorders,” (meeting DSM IV criteria for alcohol dependence or abuse), have smaller hippocampal volumes bilaterally compared to matched controls; age of initiation of consumption correlated with volume of consumption (De Bellis et al., 200 ...
... adolescence. Adolescents with “adolescent-onset alcohol use disorders,” (meeting DSM IV criteria for alcohol dependence or abuse), have smaller hippocampal volumes bilaterally compared to matched controls; age of initiation of consumption correlated with volume of consumption (De Bellis et al., 200 ...
Corpus Callosum
... more, corpus callosum psychology wiki fandom powered by wikia - the corpus callosum latin tough body also known as the colossal commissure is a wide flat bundle of neural fibers beneath the cortex in the eutherian brain at, agenesis of the corpus callosum children s national - learn more about the c ...
... more, corpus callosum psychology wiki fandom powered by wikia - the corpus callosum latin tough body also known as the colossal commissure is a wide flat bundle of neural fibers beneath the cortex in the eutherian brain at, agenesis of the corpus callosum children s national - learn more about the c ...
NIH Public Access Emotional dysregulation and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Author Manuscript
... It has long been recognized that many individuals with ADHD also have difficulties with emotion regulation but lack of consensus on how to conceptualize this clinically challenging domain renders a review timely. The authors examine the current literature using both quantitative and qualitative meth ...
... It has long been recognized that many individuals with ADHD also have difficulties with emotion regulation but lack of consensus on how to conceptualize this clinically challenging domain renders a review timely. The authors examine the current literature using both quantitative and qualitative meth ...
Metabolism of heme
... metals. the steps catalyzed by ALA dehydratase and ferrochelatase are inhibited by lead. 3. erythropoietin, EPO The kidneys also secrete a hormone called erythropoietin. The function of erythropoietin is to stimulate the production of red blood cells. The kidney produces 85~95% of the body's erythro ...
... metals. the steps catalyzed by ALA dehydratase and ferrochelatase are inhibited by lead. 3. erythropoietin, EPO The kidneys also secrete a hormone called erythropoietin. The function of erythropoietin is to stimulate the production of red blood cells. The kidney produces 85~95% of the body's erythro ...
Clinical neurochemistry
Clinical neurochemistry is the field of neurological biochemistry which relates biochemical phenomena to clinical symptomatic manifestations in humans. While neurochemistry is mostly associated with the effects of neurotransmitters and similarly-functioning chemicals on neurons themselves, clinical neurochemistry relates these phenomena to system-wide symptoms. Clinical neurochemistry is related to neurogenesis, neuromodulation, neuroplasticity, neuroendocrinology, and neuroimmunology in the context of associating neurological findings at both lower and higher level organismal functions.