JAMA SIDS
... Context The serotonergic (5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT]) neurons in the medulla oblongata project extensively to autonomic and respiratory nuclei in the brainstem and spinal cord and help regulate homeostatic function. Previously, abnormalities in 5-HT receptor binding in the medullae of infants dying ...
... Context The serotonergic (5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT]) neurons in the medulla oblongata project extensively to autonomic and respiratory nuclei in the brainstem and spinal cord and help regulate homeostatic function. Previously, abnormalities in 5-HT receptor binding in the medullae of infants dying ...
Chapter 14: Integration of Nervous System Functions
... 1. inability to maintain balance while walking 2. normal intelligence 3. can initiate voluntary movements although they are somewhat uncoordinated. 4. decreased tone in the skeletal muscles The patient is probably suffering from a condition that affected the A) midbrain. B) cerebellum. C) basal gang ...
... 1. inability to maintain balance while walking 2. normal intelligence 3. can initiate voluntary movements although they are somewhat uncoordinated. 4. decreased tone in the skeletal muscles The patient is probably suffering from a condition that affected the A) midbrain. B) cerebellum. C) basal gang ...
pdf, 1 MiB - Infoscience
... “Periaqueductal gray” and “Nucleus accumbens.” Each sentence is itself linked to PubMed so that the user can go back to the original article. Additionally, the user has the ability to provide feedback by either validating the sentence or rejecting it. Finally, it is possible to search for one partic ...
... “Periaqueductal gray” and “Nucleus accumbens.” Each sentence is itself linked to PubMed so that the user can go back to the original article. Additionally, the user has the ability to provide feedback by either validating the sentence or rejecting it. Finally, it is possible to search for one partic ...
Inhibition of central neurons is reduced following acoustic trauma
... the same time, studies have provided evidence for steeper growth of overall neural response in central auditory neurons, in the inferior colliculus or cortex for example, following damage to the cochlea (Szczepaniak and Moller, 1996; Gerken et al., 1984; Popelar et al., 1987; Salvi et al., 1990). Th ...
... the same time, studies have provided evidence for steeper growth of overall neural response in central auditory neurons, in the inferior colliculus or cortex for example, following damage to the cochlea (Szczepaniak and Moller, 1996; Gerken et al., 1984; Popelar et al., 1987; Salvi et al., 1990). Th ...
Bipolar Disorder
... revolve around possession of knowledge or power, disturbance in identity or belief in having relationship to a deity or famous person. Mood-incongruent psychotic symptoms do not focus on the themes mentioned above and are more likely to include thought insertion and delusions of being persecuted or ...
... revolve around possession of knowledge or power, disturbance in identity or belief in having relationship to a deity or famous person. Mood-incongruent psychotic symptoms do not focus on the themes mentioned above and are more likely to include thought insertion and delusions of being persecuted or ...
Biology
... coordinates functions throughout the body and responds to internal and external stimuli. ...
... coordinates functions throughout the body and responds to internal and external stimuli. ...
Genes affecting starch biosynthesis exert pleiotropic effects on the
... of total protein (compare Figs 2 and 3). Mutants with legumin contents that appeared to be lower than wildtype (r, rb, rrb, rug5, rug3 sim1 and rug3 sim32) tended to have total protein contents higher than wild-type. Those mutants with similar pro®les to wild-type (rug4 and lam), and possibly higher ...
... of total protein (compare Figs 2 and 3). Mutants with legumin contents that appeared to be lower than wildtype (r, rb, rrb, rug5, rug3 sim1 and rug3 sim32) tended to have total protein contents higher than wild-type. Those mutants with similar pro®les to wild-type (rug4 and lam), and possibly higher ...
Input-specific control of reward and aversion in the ventral tegmental
... Ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine neurons have important roles in adaptive and pathological brain functions related to reward and motivation. However, it is unknown whether subpopulations of VTA dopamine neurons participate in distinct circuits that encode different motivational signatures, and ...
... Ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine neurons have important roles in adaptive and pathological brain functions related to reward and motivation. However, it is unknown whether subpopulations of VTA dopamine neurons participate in distinct circuits that encode different motivational signatures, and ...
Narayanasamy Research
... The glyoxalase system is a ubiquitous enzymatic pathway that catalyzes the glutathione (GSH)-dependent detoxification of methylglyoxal (MG) and other reactive dicarbonyl compounds, thereby playing a major role in the cellular defense against glycation and oxidative stress. It comprises two enzymes: ...
... The glyoxalase system is a ubiquitous enzymatic pathway that catalyzes the glutathione (GSH)-dependent detoxification of methylglyoxal (MG) and other reactive dicarbonyl compounds, thereby playing a major role in the cellular defense against glycation and oxidative stress. It comprises two enzymes: ...
Inhibitory interneurons in the piriform cortex
... of broad classes can be identified. These include small neurogliaform and large multipolar cells, which are found in all layers, and horizontal cells, which are largely confined to Layer Ia. Molecular markers Interneurons are commonly classified by their expression of two types of molecular markers: ...
... of broad classes can be identified. These include small neurogliaform and large multipolar cells, which are found in all layers, and horizontal cells, which are largely confined to Layer Ia. Molecular markers Interneurons are commonly classified by their expression of two types of molecular markers: ...
- Journal of Clinical Investigation
... More than 30 yr after the first description of central pontine myelinolysis (CPM)' by Adams et al. (1), the pathogenesis of this disease is still not fully understood. CPM is characterized by a loss of oligodendrocytes and myelin with relatively wellpreserved neuronal cell bodies and axons in the ce ...
... More than 30 yr after the first description of central pontine myelinolysis (CPM)' by Adams et al. (1), the pathogenesis of this disease is still not fully understood. CPM is characterized by a loss of oligodendrocytes and myelin with relatively wellpreserved neuronal cell bodies and axons in the ce ...
Session 377 Visual cycle and phototransduction
... uptake. The carotenoid uptake efficiency by these receptors, however, was dependent on the concentration of carotenoids. For example – SCARB1 overexpressed cells showed significant increase in the uptake of lutein at concentrations between 1 and 10 μM, whereas SCARB2 overexpressed cells took up more ...
... uptake. The carotenoid uptake efficiency by these receptors, however, was dependent on the concentration of carotenoids. For example – SCARB1 overexpressed cells showed significant increase in the uptake of lutein at concentrations between 1 and 10 μM, whereas SCARB2 overexpressed cells took up more ...
Neural correlates for perception of 3d surface orientation from texture
... within the cytoplasm as the animal moved (Fig. 4B). Mitochondria were not shaped or positioned properly in an unc-60(r398) mutant background (Fig. 4D). A partial loss-of-function allele in the C. elegans cofilin homolog, unc60(r398), disrupts actin filaments in the body wall muscle of adult hermaphr ...
... within the cytoplasm as the animal moved (Fig. 4B). Mitochondria were not shaped or positioned properly in an unc-60(r398) mutant background (Fig. 4D). A partial loss-of-function allele in the C. elegans cofilin homolog, unc60(r398), disrupts actin filaments in the body wall muscle of adult hermaphr ...
Quantitative Proteomics of Transporter Expression in Brain Capillary
... sorafenib (Agarwal et al., 2011b). These results showed that brain penetration of dual substrates increased disproportionally in the absence of both P-gp and Bcrp at the BBB. The studies also showed that absence of Bcrp in the Bcrp1(⫺/⫺) mice did not significantly influence the brain distribution of ...
... sorafenib (Agarwal et al., 2011b). These results showed that brain penetration of dual substrates increased disproportionally in the absence of both P-gp and Bcrp at the BBB. The studies also showed that absence of Bcrp in the Bcrp1(⫺/⫺) mice did not significantly influence the brain distribution of ...
see p. Mov50 - Viktor`s Notes for the Neurosurgery Resident
... – few patients have point mutations. patients have undetectable (or extremely low) levels of mRNA transcribed from X25 - reduced frataxin levels are primary cause of neurodegeneration. normal length of GAA repeat is 7-22 copies. patients have 200-900 copies. – disease severity correlates with ...
... – few patients have point mutations. patients have undetectable (or extremely low) levels of mRNA transcribed from X25 - reduced frataxin levels are primary cause of neurodegeneration. normal length of GAA repeat is 7-22 copies. patients have 200-900 copies. – disease severity correlates with ...
Temporal fate specification and neural progenitor competence
... (FIG. 1b). Hb is necessary and sufficient to specify the earliest-born neural identity in multiple neuroblast lineages, including NB7‑1, NB7‑3 and NB3‑1 (REFS 5,7,10,12–15). Although the specific characteristics of the first-born progeny differ between neuroblast lineages, in each case cells specifi ...
... (FIG. 1b). Hb is necessary and sufficient to specify the earliest-born neural identity in multiple neuroblast lineages, including NB7‑1, NB7‑3 and NB3‑1 (REFS 5,7,10,12–15). Although the specific characteristics of the first-born progeny differ between neuroblast lineages, in each case cells specifi ...
Title: Gene expression analysis of human induced pluripotent stem
... q13.1 region is subject to genomic imprinting, which is an epigenetic process that results in monoallelic gene expression. The 15q11-q13.1 duplications that lead to autism are most frequently of maternal origin. In addition to autism, individuals with maternally-inherited or derived duplications of ...
... q13.1 region is subject to genomic imprinting, which is an epigenetic process that results in monoallelic gene expression. The 15q11-q13.1 duplications that lead to autism are most frequently of maternal origin. In addition to autism, individuals with maternally-inherited or derived duplications of ...
CHAPTER 11: NERVOUS SYSTEM II: DIVISIONS OF THE
... The brain is the largest and most complex portion of the nervous system. It occupies the cranial cavity and is composed of one hundred billion multipolar neurons. The brain oversees the function of the entire body and also provides characteristics like personality. The brain is composed of 4 major p ...
... The brain is the largest and most complex portion of the nervous system. It occupies the cranial cavity and is composed of one hundred billion multipolar neurons. The brain oversees the function of the entire body and also provides characteristics like personality. The brain is composed of 4 major p ...
The structure and connexions of neurons
... or commissural funicular neurons, the axons of which, from our observations, divide very often in the white matter giving an ascending and descending branch (C in Fig. 1). In Fig. 3 I show the connexions of the visual fibres and the cells of the retina. The interneuronal relationships are shown with ...
... or commissural funicular neurons, the axons of which, from our observations, divide very often in the white matter giving an ascending and descending branch (C in Fig. 1). In Fig. 3 I show the connexions of the visual fibres and the cells of the retina. The interneuronal relationships are shown with ...
University of Birmingham Drosophila neurotrophins reveal a
... also control cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation, and they are required for axonal and dendritic elaborations, synaptic plasticity, excitability, and long-term potentiation (LTP, the basis of memory and learning) [2–5]. NTs underlie most aspects of vertebrate nervous system development a ...
... also control cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation, and they are required for axonal and dendritic elaborations, synaptic plasticity, excitability, and long-term potentiation (LTP, the basis of memory and learning) [2–5]. NTs underlie most aspects of vertebrate nervous system development a ...
PDF
... neurons to activate distinct programmes of differentiation are less well understood. The striatum is the largest nucleus of the basal ganglia, which is implicated in motor coordination and cognitive functions (Graybiel, 2000; Kreitzer, 2009). It receives most of the cortical input to the basal gangl ...
... neurons to activate distinct programmes of differentiation are less well understood. The striatum is the largest nucleus of the basal ganglia, which is implicated in motor coordination and cognitive functions (Graybiel, 2000; Kreitzer, 2009). It receives most of the cortical input to the basal gangl ...
5-HT Receptor Regulation of Neurotransmitter Release
... as prefrontal neocortical dopamine or neocortical acetylcholine release, respectively. Conversely, attenuated GABA release in response to activation of inhibitory 5-HT heteroreceptors, e.g., 5-HT1A or 5-HT1B receptors on GABAergic interneurons is involved in paradoxical facilitation of hippocampal a ...
... as prefrontal neocortical dopamine or neocortical acetylcholine release, respectively. Conversely, attenuated GABA release in response to activation of inhibitory 5-HT heteroreceptors, e.g., 5-HT1A or 5-HT1B receptors on GABAergic interneurons is involved in paradoxical facilitation of hippocampal a ...
REVIEW ARTICLE
... Summary The electrosensory lateral line lobe (ELL) of weakly voltage-dependent EPSPs and IPSPs, dendritic spike electric fish is the only nucleus that receives direct input bursts and frequency-dependent synaptic facilitation from peripheral electroreceptor afferents. This review support a sensory s ...
... Summary The electrosensory lateral line lobe (ELL) of weakly voltage-dependent EPSPs and IPSPs, dendritic spike electric fish is the only nucleus that receives direct input bursts and frequency-dependent synaptic facilitation from peripheral electroreceptor afferents. This review support a sensory s ...
doc GIT
... that the various sphincters which separate the organs of the GIT played a major role regulating the transport of the meal. We now know that, normally, these sphincters do NOT offer resistance. They actually open reflexely, anticipating the arrival of the meal contents in the lumen of the GIT. They a ...
... that the various sphincters which separate the organs of the GIT played a major role regulating the transport of the meal. We now know that, normally, these sphincters do NOT offer resistance. They actually open reflexely, anticipating the arrival of the meal contents in the lumen of the GIT. They a ...
Clinical neurochemistry
Clinical neurochemistry is the field of neurological biochemistry which relates biochemical phenomena to clinical symptomatic manifestations in humans. While neurochemistry is mostly associated with the effects of neurotransmitters and similarly-functioning chemicals on neurons themselves, clinical neurochemistry relates these phenomena to system-wide symptoms. Clinical neurochemistry is related to neurogenesis, neuromodulation, neuroplasticity, neuroendocrinology, and neuroimmunology in the context of associating neurological findings at both lower and higher level organismal functions.