Guide to the Butterflies of the Malayan Woods
... Each year, from May to September, the Toronto Zoo imports thousands of butterfly pupae from the Philippines and Malaysia. More than 30 species of butterflies will fly around the Malayan Woods each summer, though they are not always the same species as previous years. Since 1995 the Toronto Zoo has d ...
... Each year, from May to September, the Toronto Zoo imports thousands of butterfly pupae from the Philippines and Malaysia. More than 30 species of butterflies will fly around the Malayan Woods each summer, though they are not always the same species as previous years. Since 1995 the Toronto Zoo has d ...
The beta-diversity of species interactions: Untangling the drivers of
... important, (2) relationships among the drivers, and (3) relationships between interaction beta-diversity and environmental gradients will help resolve this question. For example, we might expect host-switching to be more important for interaction beta-diversity at small spatial scales, whereas beta- ...
... important, (2) relationships among the drivers, and (3) relationships between interaction beta-diversity and environmental gradients will help resolve this question. For example, we might expect host-switching to be more important for interaction beta-diversity at small spatial scales, whereas beta- ...
Resource Partitioning among Five Agrobiont Spiders of a Rice
... that niche overlap indicates current competition in species and also indicates whether competition was present or absent among these species in the past (Schoener 1974). If resources are not in short supply, 2 organisms can share them without detriment to one another, and niche overlap may be high. ...
... that niche overlap indicates current competition in species and also indicates whether competition was present or absent among these species in the past (Schoener 1974). If resources are not in short supply, 2 organisms can share them without detriment to one another, and niche overlap may be high. ...
Patterns in the structure of Asian and North American desert small
... Results All three desert regions have low alpha diversity and high beta diversity. The total number of species in each region varied, being highest in North America, and lowest in the Turan Desert Region. The deserts studied all present evidence of significant nestedness, but the mechanism underlyin ...
... Results All three desert regions have low alpha diversity and high beta diversity. The total number of species in each region varied, being highest in North America, and lowest in the Turan Desert Region. The deserts studied all present evidence of significant nestedness, but the mechanism underlyin ...
ADVANCED PLACEMENT ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
... 34. Plutonium-239 has a half-life of 24,000 years. How long will a sample need to be kept in safe storage before it decays to a safe level? 100 years 240 years 340 years 240,000 years 2,400,000 years ...
... 34. Plutonium-239 has a half-life of 24,000 years. How long will a sample need to be kept in safe storage before it decays to a safe level? 100 years 240 years 340 years 240,000 years 2,400,000 years ...
Species-Area Relationship for Stream Fishes
... respective fish faunas. For six of the seven steams studied, habitat volume was a better predictor of species richness than was habitat area, and number of individuals was a better predictor of species richness than habitat volume. Slopes of species-volume relationships were similar among regions, b ...
... respective fish faunas. For six of the seven steams studied, habitat volume was a better predictor of species richness than was habitat area, and number of individuals was a better predictor of species richness than habitat volume. Slopes of species-volume relationships were similar among regions, b ...
Behavioural and physiological traits to thermal stress tolerance in
... and risk-averser, foraging very far from their critical thermal limits (CTM). Subordinate are heat-tolerant (thermophilic) and risk-proner, foraging very near their CTM, running a high heat mortality risk, but having better performance at high temperatures. Thermal tolerance allows a far greater dom ...
... and risk-averser, foraging very far from their critical thermal limits (CTM). Subordinate are heat-tolerant (thermophilic) and risk-proner, foraging very near their CTM, running a high heat mortality risk, but having better performance at high temperatures. Thermal tolerance allows a far greater dom ...
Guidlines for Reporting Large Carnivores
... 4.2 Investigating Occurrence Reports: The reporting individual will be asked to describe the observation - as provided in Appendix 1. If the description of the observation excludes the possibility of the large carnivore species reported, the reporting party shall be informed of this, and a report fo ...
... 4.2 Investigating Occurrence Reports: The reporting individual will be asked to describe the observation - as provided in Appendix 1. If the description of the observation excludes the possibility of the large carnivore species reported, the reporting party shall be informed of this, and a report fo ...
A hierarchical framework to investigate epiphyte assemblages
... structure (Cascante-Marı́n et al. 2008), or the mechanisms behind change in time, e.g., succession (Ibisch 1996). The essence of their existence, the nonparasitic growth on other plants, highlights a unique feature of epiphytes: they depend on a living organism with varying physical and chemical cha ...
... structure (Cascante-Marı́n et al. 2008), or the mechanisms behind change in time, e.g., succession (Ibisch 1996). The essence of their existence, the nonparasitic growth on other plants, highlights a unique feature of epiphytes: they depend on a living organism with varying physical and chemical cha ...
Tree Regeneration in Response to Prescribed Fire, Thinning, and
... reductions in shade tolerant species is a management objective. •Analysis of environmental conditions suggests light levels, soil moisture, and shrub cover are most important in determining regeneration composition and abundance. •Most species fit along a gradient from high soil moisture and low lig ...
... reductions in shade tolerant species is a management objective. •Analysis of environmental conditions suggests light levels, soil moisture, and shrub cover are most important in determining regeneration composition and abundance. •Most species fit along a gradient from high soil moisture and low lig ...
BENEFITS OF BATS
... B E N E F I TS O F B A TS The more than 1,200 species of bats, about one-fifth of all mammal species, are incredibly diverse and most are highly beneficial. As the only mammal capable of true flight, they range from the world's smallest mammal, the tiny bumblebee bat that weighs less than a penny, t ...
... B E N E F I TS O F B A TS The more than 1,200 species of bats, about one-fifth of all mammal species, are incredibly diverse and most are highly beneficial. As the only mammal capable of true flight, they range from the world's smallest mammal, the tiny bumblebee bat that weighs less than a penny, t ...
Assessing the role of sexual selection in adaptive radiation of the
... horny knob at the base of the culmen (1-3 mm height), and red bill colouration (Fig. 2; Jones & Montgomerie 1992). All the ornaments exhibit considerable variation in expression among adults, but there is no evidence for sexual dimorphism of any ornament (Jones & Montgomerie 1992). Adult individual ...
... horny knob at the base of the culmen (1-3 mm height), and red bill colouration (Fig. 2; Jones & Montgomerie 1992). All the ornaments exhibit considerable variation in expression among adults, but there is no evidence for sexual dimorphism of any ornament (Jones & Montgomerie 1992). Adult individual ...
Select your Weed Species
... potential yield is based on: -Average Season – the wizard will assume an average potential yield -Provided Potential Yield – enter a potential yield, for example the average district yield. This may be modified to account for your soil type or the season. -% Average Season – this will scale the aver ...
... potential yield is based on: -Average Season – the wizard will assume an average potential yield -Provided Potential Yield – enter a potential yield, for example the average district yield. This may be modified to account for your soil type or the season. -% Average Season – this will scale the aver ...
Patterns of among- and within-species variation in
... variation among plants, as every flower would receive at least some HP over their life. In contrast, species with more restrictive floral phenotypes and small, short-lived flowers are expected to receive, on average, smaller and less diverse HP loads, but may have higher variance among conspecifics ...
... variation among plants, as every flower would receive at least some HP over their life. In contrast, species with more restrictive floral phenotypes and small, short-lived flowers are expected to receive, on average, smaller and less diverse HP loads, but may have higher variance among conspecifics ...
Impact: Toward a Framework for Understanding the Ecological
... Although ecologists commonly talk about the impacts of nonindigenous species, little formal attention has been given to defining what we mean by impact, or connecting ecological theory with particular measures of impact. The resulting lack of generalizations regarding invasion impacts is more than a ...
... Although ecologists commonly talk about the impacts of nonindigenous species, little formal attention has been given to defining what we mean by impact, or connecting ecological theory with particular measures of impact. The resulting lack of generalizations regarding invasion impacts is more than a ...
Impact: toward a framework for understanding
... Although ecologists commonly talk about the impacts of nonindigenous species, little formal attention has been given to defining what we mean by impact, or connecting ecological theory with particular measures of impact. The resulting lack of generalizations regarding invasion impacts is more than a ...
... Although ecologists commonly talk about the impacts of nonindigenous species, little formal attention has been given to defining what we mean by impact, or connecting ecological theory with particular measures of impact. The resulting lack of generalizations regarding invasion impacts is more than a ...
Ecosystem Integrity - Ecology and Society
... system can weaken any larger, unifying idea of health. Most importantly, the organismic theory of ecology, on which the notion of ecosystem health is grounded, fails to recognize that ecosystems are not uniquely identified entities, nor are they defined by sharp boundaries (Karr 1994). Instead, the ...
... system can weaken any larger, unifying idea of health. Most importantly, the organismic theory of ecology, on which the notion of ecosystem health is grounded, fails to recognize that ecosystems are not uniquely identified entities, nor are they defined by sharp boundaries (Karr 1994). Instead, the ...
Species extinctions in food webs – local and regional processes Anna Eklöf
... degree distribution (the distribution of trophic links among species), clustering coefficient (the fraction of pairs of neighbors of a node that are also neighbors of each other) and characteristic path length (the average shortest path length between all pairs of nodes)(Dunne et al. 2002b; Montoya ...
... degree distribution (the distribution of trophic links among species), clustering coefficient (the fraction of pairs of neighbors of a node that are also neighbors of each other) and characteristic path length (the average shortest path length between all pairs of nodes)(Dunne et al. 2002b; Montoya ...
DISPERSAL LIMITATION, INVASION RESISTANCE, AND THE
... another site and maintain positive population growth in the local environment. I experimentally tested the role of dispersal limitation in structuring the zooplankton communities of fishless ponds in southwestern Michigan. An average of 12.9 new species of rotifers and crustaceans from the region we ...
... another site and maintain positive population growth in the local environment. I experimentally tested the role of dispersal limitation in structuring the zooplankton communities of fishless ponds in southwestern Michigan. An average of 12.9 new species of rotifers and crustaceans from the region we ...
Chapter 53 - Community Ecology Powerpoint
... Concept: Community interactions are classified by whether they help, harm, or have no effect on the species involved • Ecologists call relationships between species in a community interspecific interactions • Examples are competition, predation, herbivory, and symbiosis (parasitism, mutualism, and ...
... Concept: Community interactions are classified by whether they help, harm, or have no effect on the species involved • Ecologists call relationships between species in a community interspecific interactions • Examples are competition, predation, herbivory, and symbiosis (parasitism, mutualism, and ...
Pfeiffer et al. 2003
... ground in a grain mill to produce a variety of particle sizes ranging from whole seeds to floor. This standard procedure ...
... ground in a grain mill to produce a variety of particle sizes ranging from whole seeds to floor. This standard procedure ...
Plant community responses to long-term fertilization: Changes in
... richness and the response of tall runner species to fertilization, but they noted that the relative ...
... richness and the response of tall runner species to fertilization, but they noted that the relative ...
CHAPTER 5. THREATS AND EMERGING CONCERNS 5.1
... 5.3 Residential and Commercial Development For this discussion, development includes housing and urban areas, commercial and industrial areas, and tourism and recreation areas that have a substantial footprint (Salafsky et al. 2008). The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) suggests that the threat to eco ...
... 5.3 Residential and Commercial Development For this discussion, development includes housing and urban areas, commercial and industrial areas, and tourism and recreation areas that have a substantial footprint (Salafsky et al. 2008). The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) suggests that the threat to eco ...
Van Buskirk 2002
... data were not available for R. pipiens. Measuring Behavior and Morphology I observed the behavior of tadpoles when they reached Gosner stages 28–32 and measured morphology when tadpoles were at about stages 32–37 (table 1). Phenotypic differences between treatments reach their maximum extent by this ...
... data were not available for R. pipiens. Measuring Behavior and Morphology I observed the behavior of tadpoles when they reached Gosner stages 28–32 and measured morphology when tadpoles were at about stages 32–37 (table 1). Phenotypic differences between treatments reach their maximum extent by this ...
Bifrenaria
Bifrenaria, abbreviated Bif. in horticultural trade, is a genus of plant in family Orchidaceae. It contains 20 species found in Panama, Trinidad and South America. There are no known uses for them, but their abundant, and at first glance artificial, flowers, make them favorites of orchid growers.The genus can be split in two clearly distinct groups: one of highly robust plants with large flowers, that encompass the first species to be classified under the genus Bifrenaria; other of more delicate plants with smaller flowers occasionally classified as Stenocoryne or Adipe. There are two additional species that are normally classified as Bifrenaria, but which molecular analysis indicate to belong to different orchid groups entirely. One is Bifrenaria grandis which is endemic to Bolívia and which is now placed in Lacaena, and Bifrenaria steyermarkii, an inhabitant of the northern Amazon Forest, which does not have an alternative classification.