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Clouds and Circles: Rotational Form in Debussy`s
Clouds and Circles: Rotational Form in Debussy`s

... of a more generative, tonal-harmonic process.7 In the more sophisticated readings the ABA´ contention is typically both advanced and shied away from, as though to insist upon it too strongly would summon unwelcome memories of a more naive-schematic era of pedantically classificatory formalism, the v ...
Stravinsky and the Octatonic: A Reconsideration
Stravinsky and the Octatonic: A Reconsideration

... scales represent a natural avenue of exploration for composers interested in expanding the vocabulary of traditional tonal harmony: Ž rst, because they provide natural scalar counterparts to the extended triadic sonorities much beloved by early twentieth-century composers; and second, because as sca ...
How Music Works
How Music Works

... Early Western music used a tuning system called Pythagorean intonation, in which only the intervals of the octave and fifth were perfectly in tune. In this system an octave is equal to the numerical ratio 2:1, while a fifth is equal to 3:2. The fourth is equal to an octave minus a fifth, and therefo ...
Principles of Counterpoint
Principles of Counterpoint

... The teaching of counterpoint has a long and illustrious history, but its pedagogy is all too often abstracted from musical reality. Perhaps more than any other musical discipline, counterpoint has bred ingrown academic traditions whose relevance to musical practice often seems painfully limited. For ...
Other Chords of the Major Key
Other Chords of the Major Key

... At the beginning of this study, we defined a chord as three or more tones being sounded at the same time. While this may still be true, there are times when a chord without the 3rd, called a power chord, can be useful. They have a very specific purpose and when used outside that purpose shows lazine ...
Music Flashcard Printouts.doc
Music Flashcard Printouts.doc

... The chord is in this inversion when the third is on the bottom. ...
Texture - Tim Wardrop
Texture - Tim Wardrop

... of music, separate them into the following categories: s single melodic line s melody with accompaniment s more than one melodic line s countermelody s non-melodic/harmonic lines (e.g. rhythm section or percussion). Examples of some of these can be heard in the sound bites (see also some examples of ...
Russian Pitch-Class Set Analysis and the Music of Webern
Russian Pitch-Class Set Analysis and the Music of Webern

... help to analyze atonal music.7 In so doing, Forte essentially gave us many of pc set theory’s basic notions: “‘PC set,’ ‘normal’ or ‘prime form,’ and ‘interval vector’ have become household concepts for many music theorists, but in the mid-1960s they met a very specific need: the need for definition ...
Debussy - Nuages notes
Debussy - Nuages notes

... breaking down the traditional tonal system and of forming a new one based on new scale formations. In the whole-tone scale (a favourite of Debussy’s) there was no differentiation at all in its constituent intervals, while the pentatonic scale also restricted the notes available to the composer. The ...
Complex Chords Table of Content
Complex Chords Table of Content

... Eb, Gb, Bb). (This chord is different from the diminished 7th chord where the minor seventh is flatted an additional half tone: Cdim7 = (C, Eb, Gb, Bbb), although you will often find it called this way). ...
Dissertation MUSI591 – 10C (HAM)
Dissertation MUSI591 – 10C (HAM)

... prélude which was to serve as an introduction to a large-scale work. By partnering Préludes with other short works, Chopin cast doubt on their purpose; certainly, the “suite” of character pieces was subservient to the major work, however, they gain a sense of autonomy by having their own ‘place’ in ...
Estimating Resemblance of MIDI Documents
Estimating Resemblance of MIDI Documents

... MIDI files may contain a great deal of information besides the note-on and noteoff events, all of which we consider irrelevant to the resemblance computation. This is analogous to ignoring capitalization and punctuation in the text domain; note that we could include this additional information, but we ...
Dictionary of Musical Terms
Dictionary of Musical Terms

... swing rhythm......... Eighth notes played in a long-short pattern; dotted eighth notes connected to 16th notes...................... ________ ________ (Eng.) SWING rithm ...
Glossary - terms used in music analysis
Glossary - terms used in music analysis

... five tones and two semitones. Modes were used for composing religious chants in the Middle Ages. Initially, modes contained no sharps or flats, and so could be played using only the white notes of the piano. The principal modes were: Ionian - starting and ending on C (i.e. the same as a major scale) ...
Harmony as a Strategy for Beneficial Change by Richard A. Schultz
Harmony as a Strategy for Beneficial Change by Richard A. Schultz

... of living beings, through the evolution of galaxies. The universe is thus in a state of constant change. If we accept a definition of harmony as the condition of total consistency and compatibility, then in this sense the universe as a whole, and the myriad systems of which it is composed, is in a s ...
Harmony Graph, a Social-Network
Harmony Graph, a Social-Network

... instance, “Invention” 6, an especially agglomerative case, has an agg of 0.25, which is noticeably higher than the average agg of all “Inventions”. On the other hand, its CC is 0.003, which is far below the average CC of all “Inventions”. Generally speaking, agg represents the degree of relation bet ...
Major and minor music compared to excited and subdued speech
Major and minor music compared to excited and subdued speech

... any songs that were annotated as being in more than one key or that were polyphonic. Applying these criteria left 6555 melodies for analysis of which 3699 were major and 2856 minor. The distribution of key signatures for these melodies is shown in Table IIB. To assess the tonal differences between t ...
A Model of Musical Motifs
A Model of Musical Motifs

... The model’s essence is highlighted in bold font.4 For brevity, the definition of makeVariation is omitted. ...
Bi-tonal Quartal Harmony
Bi-tonal Quartal Harmony

... Bi-­‐Tonal  Quartal  Harmony  introduces  a  “bi-­‐tonal”  relationship,  which   expands  the  intervallic  vocabulary  considerably,  and  allows  for  the  use  of  non-­‐ diatonic  harmonies  with  considerable  control,  and  a  broader  spe ...
Transposing Chord Symbols
Transposing Chord Symbols

... major thirteenth is added to the eleventh chords given above if, to relieve the texture, the eleventh is missing the chord remains a 13th; if, however, the eleventh is present but altered, this must be shown in the name of the chord Here are a number of other chords that feature in modern popular mu ...
Estimating Resemblance of MIDI Documents
Estimating Resemblance of MIDI Documents

... MIDI les may contain a great deal of information besides the note-on and noteo events, all of which we consider irrelevant to the resemblance computation. This is analogous to ignoring capitalization and punctuation in the text domain; note that we could include this additional information, but we ...
Dohnányi`s American Years, 1949–1960
Dohnányi`s American Years, 1949–1960

... There were clearly difficulties in Dohnányi’s way as a concert pianist. Vázsonyi and Ilona von Dohnányi tended to interpret the series of events as a direct path leading to the composer’s total political and general rehabilitation. But in fact his status did not change during his ten American years. ...
Mak Yong Music of Malaysia: Negotiating Complex Musical Content
Mak Yong Music of Malaysia: Negotiating Complex Musical Content

... a very rich and complex musical style, use of distinctive and elaborate costumes, as well as highly stylized and sophisticated dance styles emanating from a village folk tradition. Early documentation and analysis of performance structure of the mak yong in Kelantan was carried out in the early 197 ...
1. Historical definitions.
1. Historical definitions.

... technique or counterpoint, that were covered by the term ‘harmony’ (in keeping with the ancient and medieval meaning of the term). From the 18th century onwards both aspects of composition became subsumed in the concept of harmony – that is, in addition to the note relationships, the chord progressi ...
General Principles of Harmony by Alan Belkin
General Principles of Harmony by Alan Belkin

... human brain's highly evolved capacities for making sense of auditory experience have surely not changed over the past few centuries. Another, related method, consists of intensive drill with harmonic formulas. Based on the notion that harmony, like language, uses many idioms, the goal here is to lea ...
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Musical analysis

Musical analysis is the attempt to answer the question how does this music work?. The method employed to answer this question, and indeed exactly what is meant by the question, differs from analyst to analyst, and according to the purpose of the analysis. According to Ian Bent (1987,), analysis is ""an approach and method [that] can be traced back to the 1750s ... [though] it existed as a scholarly tool, albeit an auxiliary one, from the Middle Ages onwards."" Adolf Bernhard Marx was influential in formalising concepts about composition and music understanding towards the second half of the 19th century.The principle of analysis has been variously criticized, especially by composers, such as Edgard Varèse's claim that, ""to explain by means of [analysis] is to decompose, to mutilate the spirit of a work"" (quoted in Bernard 1981, 1).
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