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... related neurons, as they provide crucial information on the division pattern and lineage potential of labeled progenitors, which would be otherwise unavailable from a conventional labeling strategy. We quantified the size of clones labeled at different embryonic stages and found that the average clo ...
... related neurons, as they provide crucial information on the division pattern and lineage potential of labeled progenitors, which would be otherwise unavailable from a conventional labeling strategy. We quantified the size of clones labeled at different embryonic stages and found that the average clo ...
Horizontal Synaptic Connections in Monkey Prefrontal Cortex: An In
... cell selectivity (McGuire et al., 1991). In contrast, although the proportions of pyramidal to nonpyramidal neurons are similar in the monkey visual and prefrontal cortices, >95% of the horizontal connections in the PFC contact dendritic spines and thus appear to preferentially target pyramidal neur ...
... cell selectivity (McGuire et al., 1991). In contrast, although the proportions of pyramidal to nonpyramidal neurons are similar in the monkey visual and prefrontal cortices, >95% of the horizontal connections in the PFC contact dendritic spines and thus appear to preferentially target pyramidal neur ...
Article Link - Cortical Systems and Behavior Laboratory
... METHODS), and Fig. 4B shows the time to return to baseline activity following photostimulation offset. Figure 4C shows histograms of time to initial photostimulation. Whereas both excitation and inhibition tended to occur quickly, within 15 ms of pulse onset, excitation occurred significantly more q ...
... METHODS), and Fig. 4B shows the time to return to baseline activity following photostimulation offset. Figure 4C shows histograms of time to initial photostimulation. Whereas both excitation and inhibition tended to occur quickly, within 15 ms of pulse onset, excitation occurred significantly more q ...
Septins promote dendrite and axon development by negatively
... Figure 1 | The core septin subunit SEPT7 is required for the growth of dendrites and axons of cerebrocortical neurons in vivo. (a) Representative immunofluorescence images of primary cerebrocortical neurons at div2 co-expressing GFP with control (left) or shRNA#1 against SEPT7 (right). Endogenous SEP ...
... Figure 1 | The core septin subunit SEPT7 is required for the growth of dendrites and axons of cerebrocortical neurons in vivo. (a) Representative immunofluorescence images of primary cerebrocortical neurons at div2 co-expressing GFP with control (left) or shRNA#1 against SEPT7 (right). Endogenous SEP ...
Ultrastructure of Glial Cells in the Nervous System of Grillotia
... central part of the MC has also been found to contain cells with electron-dense cytoplasm that have specific features. The cytoplasm of these cells looks like individual profiles of complex configurations that are not ...
... central part of the MC has also been found to contain cells with electron-dense cytoplasm that have specific features. The cytoplasm of these cells looks like individual profiles of complex configurations that are not ...
Assisted morphogenesis: glial control of dendrite
... domains are also present in a-tectorin, a major component of the tectorial membrane, a highly organized proteinaceous ECM that anchors the ciliated outer hair cells of the inner ear [35]. Mutations in dyf-7 and dex-1 exhibit genetic interactions suggestive of physical binding. Furthermore, polymeriz ...
... domains are also present in a-tectorin, a major component of the tectorial membrane, a highly organized proteinaceous ECM that anchors the ciliated outer hair cells of the inner ear [35]. Mutations in dyf-7 and dex-1 exhibit genetic interactions suggestive of physical binding. Furthermore, polymeriz ...
Full version (PDF file)
... 1997). Besides Ca2+-binding properties, CR also shows affinity for copper ion Cu2+ (Groves and Palczewska 2001), which upon binding to CR antagonizes Ca2+ binding to CR. The mammalian neuronal cytoplasmic concentration of CR was estimated to be in order of tens of micromoles (Hackney et al. 2005). A ...
... 1997). Besides Ca2+-binding properties, CR also shows affinity for copper ion Cu2+ (Groves and Palczewska 2001), which upon binding to CR antagonizes Ca2+ binding to CR. The mammalian neuronal cytoplasmic concentration of CR was estimated to be in order of tens of micromoles (Hackney et al. 2005). A ...
Polarization-sensitive and light-sensitive neurons in two parallel
... mammals (Best et al. 2001; Taube and Bassett 2003; Poucet et al. 2003). These neurons signal the location of the animal within familiar terrain and encode the azimuthal orientation of the animal’s head irrespective of its location. Activity of these neurons is influenced by distal visual and non-vis ...
... mammals (Best et al. 2001; Taube and Bassett 2003; Poucet et al. 2003). These neurons signal the location of the animal within familiar terrain and encode the azimuthal orientation of the animal’s head irrespective of its location. Activity of these neurons is influenced by distal visual and non-vis ...
Binding of aluminium ions by Staphylococcus
... Aluminum intoxica(on due to aluminum‐containing antacids or dialysate can cause encephalopathy in pa(ents undergoing hemodialysis, but the biochemical mechanism has not been defined. The enzyme dihydropteridine reductase (DHPR) is essen(al for the maintenance of normal brain concentra(ons of tetra ...
... Aluminum intoxica(on due to aluminum‐containing antacids or dialysate can cause encephalopathy in pa(ents undergoing hemodialysis, but the biochemical mechanism has not been defined. The enzyme dihydropteridine reductase (DHPR) is essen(al for the maintenance of normal brain concentra(ons of tetra ...
Identification of Dopaminergic Neurons of Nigral and Ventral
... grafts from lesioned adult hosts and from three intact mice. Average cell diameters between groups were compared using Student’s t test ( p ⬍ 0.05 for statistical significance). The number of GFP ⫹ cells in intact and lesioned adults was estimated through extrapolation of the number of GFP ⫹ cells c ...
... grafts from lesioned adult hosts and from three intact mice. Average cell diameters between groups were compared using Student’s t test ( p ⬍ 0.05 for statistical significance). The number of GFP ⫹ cells in intact and lesioned adults was estimated through extrapolation of the number of GFP ⫹ cells c ...
Uncaging Compunds: - Florida State University
... • Difficulty detecting single photon from excitation events ...
... • Difficulty detecting single photon from excitation events ...
- AVMA Journals Online
... calves, ranging from 191 to 1,469 (mean, 465). The mean cross-sectional area of the FB-labeled neurons was approximately 1,680 μm2. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—In cattle, small, medium, and large RN neurons, located along the entire craniocaudal extension of the RN, contribute to the rubrospi ...
... calves, ranging from 191 to 1,469 (mean, 465). The mean cross-sectional area of the FB-labeled neurons was approximately 1,680 μm2. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—In cattle, small, medium, and large RN neurons, located along the entire craniocaudal extension of the RN, contribute to the rubrospi ...
(2006) A cognitive signal for the proactive timing of action in
... directly, we plotted the proactive responses of single neurons grouped by the time of lever press (Fig. 4e–h). For each cell we then extracted the time points at which neuronal activity crossed a threshold line drawn through the data, and regressed the threshold-crossing times against the correspond ...
... directly, we plotted the proactive responses of single neurons grouped by the time of lever press (Fig. 4e–h). For each cell we then extracted the time points at which neuronal activity crossed a threshold line drawn through the data, and regressed the threshold-crossing times against the correspond ...
Mammalian Cerebral Cortex: Embryonic Development
... Primordial Plexiform (PP) Stage. As the number of primordial corticipetal fibers and of neurons increases throughout the subpial zone, it assumes a plexiform appearance (Fig. 2.1a, 22 days, c, d). At this stage, some subpial neurons start to develop specific morphological features. Some neurons, san ...
... Primordial Plexiform (PP) Stage. As the number of primordial corticipetal fibers and of neurons increases throughout the subpial zone, it assumes a plexiform appearance (Fig. 2.1a, 22 days, c, d). At this stage, some subpial neurons start to develop specific morphological features. Some neurons, san ...
Isodirectional Tuning of Adjacent Interneurons and Pyramidal Cells
... description follows. As stated earlier, 8 –12 trials were recorded at each cue location for each neuron. From these data, the individual trials were arranged into “loops,” where the ith loop was defined as consisting of the ith trial at each cue location. A loop-vector was then generated for each of ...
... description follows. As stated earlier, 8 –12 trials were recorded at each cue location for each neuron. From these data, the individual trials were arranged into “loops,” where the ith loop was defined as consisting of the ith trial at each cue location. A loop-vector was then generated for each of ...
How microglia kill neurons
... microglia contribute to acute pathologies such as stroke, trauma and meningitis, psychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia, depression and autism, and neurodegenerative diseases such as AIDS dementia, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and motor neuron disease (Bal-Price a ...
... microglia contribute to acute pathologies such as stroke, trauma and meningitis, psychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia, depression and autism, and neurodegenerative diseases such as AIDS dementia, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and motor neuron disease (Bal-Price a ...
Neurons and Synapses
... Students will collect information from pre-set resources to develop understanding of the nervous system, neurons, synapses, and neurotransmitters. Information gather from this lesson will help them build models and participate in neuron related activities of future lessons. Time Needed: 1+ Period(s) ...
... Students will collect information from pre-set resources to develop understanding of the nervous system, neurons, synapses, and neurotransmitters. Information gather from this lesson will help them build models and participate in neuron related activities of future lessons. Time Needed: 1+ Period(s) ...
Corina Wirth and Hans
... individual MEA electrodes will be presented and the excitatory and inhibitory signal components will be determined. Second, evidence that the early excitatory and inhibitory activity remains confined to the barrel borders will be shown. Third, the basic features of the temporal evolution of the acti ...
... individual MEA electrodes will be presented and the excitatory and inhibitory signal components will be determined. Second, evidence that the early excitatory and inhibitory activity remains confined to the barrel borders will be shown. Third, the basic features of the temporal evolution of the acti ...
Inhibition of Notch Signaling in Human Embryonic Stem CellDerived
... derived from two hESC lines (I3 and H9.2) and human fetal brain, using human adult brain as reference point. Members of the c-secretase complex (Anterior Pharynx-defective 1 homolog A, APH1A and Presenilin 1, PSEN1), the human homologues of Notch (NOTCH1, NOTCH2, and NOTCH3), the human homologues of ...
... derived from two hESC lines (I3 and H9.2) and human fetal brain, using human adult brain as reference point. Members of the c-secretase complex (Anterior Pharynx-defective 1 homolog A, APH1A and Presenilin 1, PSEN1), the human homologues of Notch (NOTCH1, NOTCH2, and NOTCH3), the human homologues of ...
slides - Smith Lab
... • Vm = Imrm • 2. Insulation of the membrane: • the better the insulation, the further the current spread along the dendrite/axon, the faster the velocity of action potential ...
... • Vm = Imrm • 2. Insulation of the membrane: • the better the insulation, the further the current spread along the dendrite/axon, the faster the velocity of action potential ...
ATP-Sensitive K+ Channels in the Brain: Sensors of
... for kainate-induced seizures together with increased survival rate, suggesting that KATP channels play a pivotal role in raising the threshold for seizures caused not only by metabolic deficiency but also by excitotoxicity. How do KATP channels control the seizure threshold? To investigate the cellu ...
... for kainate-induced seizures together with increased survival rate, suggesting that KATP channels play a pivotal role in raising the threshold for seizures caused not only by metabolic deficiency but also by excitotoxicity. How do KATP channels control the seizure threshold? To investigate the cellu ...
PDF File - Max-Planck
... saturated with oxygen. Freshly isolated whole brains were cut into 300 m coronal slices and then transferred onto inserts (MilliCell-CM; 0.4 m; Millipore) floating on serum-free medium (Neurobasal medium supplemented with B27, N2, GlutaMax, glucose, and gentamicin). Slices were incubated for 2 h b ...
... saturated with oxygen. Freshly isolated whole brains were cut into 300 m coronal slices and then transferred onto inserts (MilliCell-CM; 0.4 m; Millipore) floating on serum-free medium (Neurobasal medium supplemented with B27, N2, GlutaMax, glucose, and gentamicin). Slices were incubated for 2 h b ...
Jukic et al. SUPPLEMANTARY SUPLEMENTARY METHODS En1+/
... serotonergic neurons. 4. Studies related to the specification of monoaminergic neurons. We choose these criteria according to the following rationales. 1: In vitro studies are not necessarily relevant in vivo (Hegarthy et al., 2013). 2: Only experiments performed in mammals were considered, since pa ...
... serotonergic neurons. 4. Studies related to the specification of monoaminergic neurons. We choose these criteria according to the following rationales. 1: In vitro studies are not necessarily relevant in vivo (Hegarthy et al., 2013). 2: Only experiments performed in mammals were considered, since pa ...
Use of an Amino-Cupric-Silver Technique for the Detection of Early
... been obtained in sections that have been postfixed for only 25 h or at the other extreme for 2-3 months in a refrigerator (4°C). The postfixation eventually suppresses normal fiber staining; at 24 h some normal fibers will be stained, while with extended postfixation, impregnation of degenerating ne ...
... been obtained in sections that have been postfixed for only 25 h or at the other extreme for 2-3 months in a refrigerator (4°C). The postfixation eventually suppresses normal fiber staining; at 24 h some normal fibers will be stained, while with extended postfixation, impregnation of degenerating ne ...
ling411-11 - Rice University
... “[T]he effective unit of operation…is not the single neuron and its axon, but bundles or groups of cells and their axons with similar functional properties and anatomical connections.” Vernon Mountcastle, Perceptual Neuroscience (1998), p. 192 ...
... “[T]he effective unit of operation…is not the single neuron and its axon, but bundles or groups of cells and their axons with similar functional properties and anatomical connections.” Vernon Mountcastle, Perceptual Neuroscience (1998), p. 192 ...