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Formalisms for Multi-Agent Systems
Formalisms for Multi-Agent Systems

... that its role is not clear. Formal agent theories are agent specifications, not only in the sense of providing descriptions and constraints on agent behaviour, but also in the sense that one understands the term ‘specification’ from mainstream software engineering, namely that they provide a base fr ...
Fuzzy Logic and its Applications in Medicine
Fuzzy Logic and its Applications in Medicine

... diagnosing, DoctorMoon sometimes returned too strong affirmative or exclusive conclusion as compared to the expected conclusion given by doctors. The reason was the knowledge base was not large enough to cover most possible cases and some rules had to be corrected. ...
The Project ENTs: Towards Modeling Human
The Project ENTs: Towards Modeling Human

... (they can not simply stop acting when a sub-task fail). Various approaches to control h-agents have been used so far; such as BDI-architecture [15] or subsumption architecture [5], hierarchical or any-time planning [8, 21], hierarchical rule-based system [16], finite state machines [26] or even neur ...
Fuzzy Expert Control Systems: Knowledge Base Validation
Fuzzy Expert Control Systems: Knowledge Base Validation

... made, a lot of qualitative information is involved. The kind of data used to make these decisions is mainly expressed by some approximated knowledge obtained from the elaboration of raw data, at the lower levels, or by direct introduction of heuristic knowledge. This, itself, can be generated by oth ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
View PDF - CiteSeerX

... To automate COSMOSS job template design we need a planner that could have different outputs depending on the action that is required to complete the service. Most classical planners use the assumption that there is no uncertainty in the world: every action has a predictable output. A contingent plan ...
Autonomy: A Nice Idea in Theory
Autonomy: A Nice Idea in Theory

... We must also question the need for autonomy. Certainly, there is value in the flexibility and robustness that autonomy can bring in a dynamic and open world, but many problems which merit an agent approach do not necessarily require autonomous behaviour. Indeed, the strong view of autonomy can be ve ...
Computational Intelligence Course in Undergraduate Computer
Computational Intelligence Course in Undergraduate Computer

... proceedings and journals. A majority of their graduate students who took this course ended up with a thesis topic involving one or more paradigms of CI. Overall, their CI course has been very successful and rewarding. American University – Washington DC At the American University, they have develope ...
CV - Department of Artificial Intelligence
CV - Department of Artificial Intelligence

... describing models of interactions, combining a process calculus specification language with an execution model drawn from logic programming. Many others have helped to develop and enhance this concept via large EU (OpenKnowledge and Smart Society) and UK national (SociaM) projects. • The research ab ...
AI and NLP – a fundamental approach
AI and NLP – a fundamental approach

... Being baseless, AI got stuck at a simulation of behavior (not necessarily intelligent behavior), and knowledge technology got stuck at linking of keywords. More over, even after 60 years, hardly anything fundamental is defined yet in this field (and scientists don't seem to care). So, I have to conc ...
Satisficing and  bounded  optimality A position  paper
Satisficing and bounded optimality A position paper

... quality of behavior that is expected when these properties are achieved. One of the first approaches to satisficing has been heuristic search. In fact, Simonhas initially identified heuristic search with satisficing. It is important to distinguish in this context between two different ways in which ...
papers - CiteSeerX
papers - CiteSeerX

... the range of problems that can be tackled by automated fusion systems. However, for problems of the scale required for maritime predictive analysis, exact evidential reasoning is generally intractable. Traditional fusion systems cope with complexity by decomposing the problem into hypothesis managem ...
[PDF]
[PDF]

Faculty of Arts Atkinson College
Faculty of Arts Atkinson College

... Chapter Preview In this chapter, we will study:  What is meant by artificial intelligence  How expert systems are developed and how they perform  How AI has been applied to other arenas, such as natural language processing and neural computing  The concept and usefulness of intelligent agents ...
TEFATE: Finite-state technologies applied to specialized translation
TEFATE: Finite-state technologies applied to specialized translation

... Many of the basic techniques developed during this project, especially those related to finitestate transducers, have been transferred to Apertium, an open-source shallow-transfer machine translation engine scheduled to be released at the end of July 2005 and developed as part of another project. Ap ...
OpenCog: A Software Framework for Integrative Artificial General
OpenCog: A Software Framework for Integrative Artificial General

... 2. The Challenges of Integrative AGI Precisely how the human brain works is unknown to scientists and laymen alike, but all of the available evidence suggests that the brain is a highly complex and integrative system [1]. Different parts of the brain carry out various functions, and no one part is ...
Processing and Interaction in Robotics
Processing and Interaction in Robotics

... various facets of the phenomenon of perception of phenomena. The perception is oriented, accordingly with the needs of man, in various phenomenological directions. Sometimes, perception is oriented toward nature, both external and internal to man, sometimes perception is oriented toward artifacts wh ...
Irrigation Expert System for Trees
Irrigation Expert System for Trees

... efficiency. Expert systems technology can be used to transfer knowledge from irrigation experts to both agricultural engineers/officers and farmers which lead to enhance water usage in Egypt. Expert system also known as knowledge based system which is a branch of artificial intelligence and was deve ...
Chap 11: Artificial Intelligence II: Operational Perspective
Chap 11: Artificial Intelligence II: Operational Perspective

... Evaluation of Fuzzy Logic • Haack argues that there are very few true candidates for which Fuzzy Logic is useful. Most problems can be solved using principles drawn from probability. The computer programs are much too complicated and thus Fuzzy Logic serves no useful purpose. • Fox has rebutted thi ...
Read Full Article - Educatia 21 Journal
Read Full Article - Educatia 21 Journal

... imply a reconceptualization of the meaning of AI and we take into account the future trends in the development of AI regarding the creation of conscious machines. Starting from the current definitions of AI (see Oxford and Cambridge dictionary) and the perspective of Bostrom (2003, 2016) regarding t ...
E-Proceedings - Machine Ethics and Machine Law
E-Proceedings - Machine Ethics and Machine Law

(PPT, 221KB)
(PPT, 221KB)

... Expert systems restricted themselves to a small domain of specific knowledge (thus avoiding the commonsense knowledge problem) and their simple design made it relatively easy for programs to be built and then modified once they were in place. All in all, the programs proved to be useful: something t ...
Conceptual Blending and the Quest for the Holy Creative Process
Conceptual Blending and the Quest for the Holy Creative Process

... can be considered a creation (a perception, a concept, an idea) that wasn’t there before and has some reason to exist, i.e., it fulfils the demands of novelty and usefulness. To escape from this extreme, we must point out that the creative tag is normally applied to situations that escape the usual, ...
Chapter 10 Decision Support Systems
Chapter 10 Decision Support Systems

...  Expertise: a body of knowledge, techniques, and intuition is needed that only a few people possess  Complexity: solving the problem is a complex task that requires logical inference processing  Structure: the solution process must be able to cope with ill-structured, uncertain, missing, and conf ...
Semantic Web - University of Huddersfield
Semantic Web - University of Huddersfield

... Each node takes inputs and produces an output ...
What is Artificial Intelligence? Psychometric AI as an Answer
What is Artificial Intelligence? Psychometric AI as an Answer

... clearer than ‘intelligence.’ However, Turing came up with the test that now bears his name precisely because he found the concept of thinking hopelessly vague. As Russell and Norvig point out, TT and other more stringent tests, e.g., Stevan Harnad’s 1991 Total Turing Test (in which a passing robot m ...
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AI winter

In the history of artificial intelligence, an AI winter is a period of reduced funding and interest in artificial intelligence research. The term was coined by analogy to the idea of a nuclear winter. The field has experienced several hype cycles, followed by disappointment and criticism, followed by funding cuts, followed by renewed interest years or decades later. There were two major winters in 1974–80 and 1987–93 and several smaller episodes, including: 1966: the failure of machine translation, 1970: the abandonment of connectionism, 1971–75: DARPA's frustration with the Speech Understanding Research program at Carnegie Mellon University, 1973: the large decrease in AI research in the United Kingdom in response to the Lighthill report, 1973–74: DARPA's cutbacks to academic AI research in general, 1987: the collapse of the Lisp machine market, 1988: the cancellation of new spending on AI by the Strategic Computing Initiative, 1993: expert systems slowly reaching the bottom, and 1990s: the quiet disappearance of the fifth-generation computer project's original goals.The term first appeared in 1984 as the topic of a public debate at the annual meeting of AAAI (then called the ""American Association of Artificial Intelligence""). It is a chain reaction that begins with pessimism in the AI community, followed by pessimism in the press, followed by a severe cutback in funding, followed by the end of serious research. At the meeting, Roger Schank and Marvin Minsky—two leading AI researchers who had survived the ""winter"" of the 1970s—warned the business community that enthusiasm for AI had spiraled out of control in the '80s and that disappointment would certainly follow. Three years later, the billion-dollar AI industry began to collapse.Hypes are common in many emerging technologies, such as the railway mania or the dot-com bubble. An AI winter is primarily a collapse in the perception of AI by government bureaucrats and venture capitalists. Despite the rise and fall of AI's reputation, it has continued to develop new and successful technologies. AI researcher Rodney Brooks would complain in 2002 that ""there's this stupid myth out there that AI has failed, but AI is around you every second of the day."" In 2005, Ray Kurzweil agreed: ""Many observers still think that the AI winter was the end of the story and that nothing since has come of the AI field. Yet today many thousands of AI applications are deeply embedded in the infrastructure of every industry."" He added: ""the AI winter is long since over.""
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