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State-set branching: Leveraging BDDs for heuristic search
State-set branching: Leveraging BDDs for heuristic search

... [46]. Such heuristic functions are often encountered in practice, since many heuristics are derived from a relaxation of the search problem that is likely to introduce a relative error. Furthermore, in order to detect duplicate states and construct a solution, A* must keep all expanded nodes in memo ...
ppt - CSE, IIT Bombay
ppt - CSE, IIT Bombay

... • AI is a fascinating discipline, needing input from many branches of knowledge. • Scaling up and robustness are the needs of today’s world. • Web has introduced new challenges to the field. • Language processing and machine learning have assumed great importance. • In this lecture we took a look at ...
Introduction to the Complexity Analysis of Randomized Search
Introduction to the Complexity Analysis of Randomized Search

Proceedings of the Seventh Int’l Conf. on Artificial Intelligence and Expert... San Francisco, November, 1995.
Proceedings of the Seventh Int’l Conf. on Artificial Intelligence and Expert... San Francisco, November, 1995.

... The “Object-Oriented Simulation Module” (OOSM) of the RBOOS system was implemented in CLOS using a three-phase discrete event simulation [3] algorithm. The simulator was implemented as two main layers. The first layer consists of a general object-oriented discrete event simulator with classes define ...
Case Representation Issues for Case
Case Representation Issues for Case

... solution space and this approach has been explored in the lazy learning literature (Wettschereck, Aha, & Mohri, 1997). (Bonzano, Cunningham & Smyth, 1997) The difficulty with this approach is the problem of determining appropriate feature weights. It is well known that learning feature weights from ...
Turing Test: 50 Years Later - Center for Research in Language
Turing Test: 50 Years Later - Center for Research in Language

... paper easier to understand. He could have introduced the IG exactly as he did with the woman-man issue replaced by the human-machine issue and it obviously would not be any more confusing. The main reason that the decision concerning machine thought is to be based on imitating a woman in the game is ...
AAAI Proceedings Template - Advances in Cognitive Systems
AAAI Proceedings Template - Advances in Cognitive Systems



... That the concept of a heuristic has been, and continues to be, central in A1 is too well known to require documentation. Less well known, perhaps, is the fact that this central concept has always had a number of distinct “dimensions of meaning” associated with it, and throughout the history of its u ...
What is a heuristic? - University of Alberta
What is a heuristic? - University of Alberta

... That the concept of a heuristic has been, and continues to be, central in A1 is too well known to require documentation. Less well known, perhaps, is the fact that this central concept has always had a number of distinct “dimensions of meaning” associated with it, and throughout the history of its u ...
Real-Time Search for Autonomous Agents and
Real-Time Search for Autonomous Agents and

... 3. Controlling learning processes An important capability of real-time search is learning, that is, as in LRTA*, the solution path converges to an optimal path by repeating problem solving trials. In this section, we will focus not on the performance of the first problem solving trial, but on the le ...
Artificial Intelligence and Humor
Artificial Intelligence and Humor

Description Logics
Description Logics

... Another important observation was that DLs are very closely related to modal logics [103]. Phase 3 (1995–2000) is characterized by the development of inference procedures for very expressive DLs, either based on the tableau-approach [70, 71] or on a translation into modal logics [44, 45, 43, 46]. Hi ...
Artificial Intelligence Problem Solving and Search
Artificial Intelligence Problem Solving and Search

... Course outline ...
Early Artificial Life
Early Artificial Life

... that got rather forgotten in the rise of Computing. Well worth searching for this early Cybernetics work -- I consider Design for a Brain, by W Ross Ashby, Wiley & Sons 1952, enormously important. Non-Symbolic AI lecture 1 ...
Brief Survey on Computational Solutions for Bayesian Inference
Brief Survey on Computational Solutions for Bayesian Inference

... and trade-offs of each proposed solution. In recent years, the Bayesian approach has become increasingly popular, endowing autonomous systems with the ability to deal with uncertainty and incompleteness. However, these systems are also expected to be efficient, while Bayesian inference in general is ...
Planning with h+ in Theory and Practice
Planning with h+ in Theory and Practice

... is clear evidence that delete relaxations are a very important approach to heuristic planning. Still, quite little is known about their theoretical properties, and in particular about their limitations. The motivation of most of the research efforts mentioned above is to find more and more precise e ...
full text pdf
full text pdf

Artificial Intelligence UNIT I Page 1 of 116 CSE– Dhaanish Ahmed
Artificial Intelligence UNIT I Page 1 of 116 CSE– Dhaanish Ahmed

... History of Artificial Intelligence The gestation of artificial intelligence (1943-1955) There were a number of early examples of work that can be characterized as AI, but it was Alan Turing who first articulated a complete vision of A1 in his 1950 article "Computing Machinery and Intelligence." Ther ...
A Argumentation Mining: State of the Art and Emerging Trends
A Argumentation Mining: State of the Art and Emerging Trends

... ACM Transactions on Internet Technology, Vol. V, No. N, Article A, Publication date: January YYYY. ...
Intelligent Agents: Theory and Practice
Intelligent Agents: Theory and Practice

... widely used, by many people working in closely related areas, it defies attempts to produce a single universally accepted definition. This need not necessarily be a problem: after all, if many people are successfully developing interesting and useful applications, then it hardly matters that they do ...
the excerpt from a UBS CIO WM
the excerpt from a UBS CIO WM

... a human. In the most simplistic terms, AI leverages self-learning systems by using multiple tools like data mining, pattern recognition and natural language processing. It operates similar to how a normal human brain functions during regular tasks like common-sense reasoning, forming an opinion or s ...
Logics for Intelligent Agents and Multi
Logics for Intelligent Agents and Multi

... Let us now consider these properties deemed desirable by Rao & Georgeff again. The first formula describes Rao & Georgeff’s notion of ’strong realism’ and constitutes a kind of beliefgoal compatibility: it says that the agent believes he can optionally achieve his goals. There is some controversy on ...
CV - Computer Science Intranet
CV - Computer Science Intranet

... decision making” at the European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, August 2000. • Game theoretic and decision theoretic agents, Workshop on “Multi-agent Learning: Theory and practice” at the International Conference on Machine Learning, July 2000. • Intelligent systems for reasoning about futur ...
Essay on „Daemon“ by Daniel Suarez To my mind, “Daemon” was a
Essay on „Daemon“ by Daniel Suarez To my mind, “Daemon” was a

... I would try to prevent it from killing people. Maybe it is impossible to exclude the case that the system eventually learns that homicide is helpful to pursue its objective. Then it could learn to reject its inherent ethical rules in order to pursue its optimized algorithm, including murder. So how ...
Intelligence virtual analyst capability
Intelligence virtual analyst capability

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AI winter

In the history of artificial intelligence, an AI winter is a period of reduced funding and interest in artificial intelligence research. The term was coined by analogy to the idea of a nuclear winter. The field has experienced several hype cycles, followed by disappointment and criticism, followed by funding cuts, followed by renewed interest years or decades later. There were two major winters in 1974–80 and 1987–93 and several smaller episodes, including: 1966: the failure of machine translation, 1970: the abandonment of connectionism, 1971–75: DARPA's frustration with the Speech Understanding Research program at Carnegie Mellon University, 1973: the large decrease in AI research in the United Kingdom in response to the Lighthill report, 1973–74: DARPA's cutbacks to academic AI research in general, 1987: the collapse of the Lisp machine market, 1988: the cancellation of new spending on AI by the Strategic Computing Initiative, 1993: expert systems slowly reaching the bottom, and 1990s: the quiet disappearance of the fifth-generation computer project's original goals.The term first appeared in 1984 as the topic of a public debate at the annual meeting of AAAI (then called the ""American Association of Artificial Intelligence""). It is a chain reaction that begins with pessimism in the AI community, followed by pessimism in the press, followed by a severe cutback in funding, followed by the end of serious research. At the meeting, Roger Schank and Marvin Minsky—two leading AI researchers who had survived the ""winter"" of the 1970s—warned the business community that enthusiasm for AI had spiraled out of control in the '80s and that disappointment would certainly follow. Three years later, the billion-dollar AI industry began to collapse.Hypes are common in many emerging technologies, such as the railway mania or the dot-com bubble. An AI winter is primarily a collapse in the perception of AI by government bureaucrats and venture capitalists. Despite the rise and fall of AI's reputation, it has continued to develop new and successful technologies. AI researcher Rodney Brooks would complain in 2002 that ""there's this stupid myth out there that AI has failed, but AI is around you every second of the day."" In 2005, Ray Kurzweil agreed: ""Many observers still think that the AI winter was the end of the story and that nothing since has come of the AI field. Yet today many thousands of AI applications are deeply embedded in the infrastructure of every industry."" He added: ""the AI winter is long since over.""
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