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Biology 621 - Chapter 12 Midterm Exam Review
Biology 621 - Chapter 12 Midterm Exam Review

... 22. A(n) __ is an automatic response to a stimulus. 23 Subdivision of the PNS that regulates the activity of the heart and smooth muscle and of glands; also called the involuntary nervous system. ___ 24. ____ neurons carry impulses from receptors to the spinal cord. 25. What are the two major divisi ...
Acetylcholinesterase in Neuron Survival and
Acetylcholinesterase in Neuron Survival and

... Each year 10,000 new spinal cord injury occurs in USA ...
How is the Nervous System Organized? Class Objectives:
How is the Nervous System Organized? Class Objectives:

... The neurotransmitters are like pieces of a puzzle, and the receptor sites on the next neuron are differently shaped spaces. ‐ The chemical is almost immediately destroyed or reabsorbed (reuptake) ...
Notes – Neurons and the nervous system
Notes – Neurons and the nervous system

...  Ex. Picking a book that just fell on the floor. ...
The Nervous System
The Nervous System

Crossing the Synaptic Gap
Crossing the Synaptic Gap

Neurons Short Version
Neurons Short Version

... generally are stationary but can move about as microbe eating scavengers (phagocytes) The oligodendroglia ( oligodendrocytes) hold nerve fibers together and produce myelin in the CNS ...
Introduction
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... •Neurons link together to form neural circuits which perform special tasks. Many of these are reflexes. •Signaling within these circuits gives rise to higher cognitive functions, such as thinking. •Since circuits are needed for even the most basic function, it has been suggested that the functional ...
Neuron Structure and Function
Neuron Structure and Function

... Due to more Na+ on outside & more K+ on the inside. Negative protein ions on inside. The neuron is said to be polarized. This is due to the Na+/K+ pump. ...
nervesendocrine ppttwo
nervesendocrine ppttwo

... involuntary response that is processed in the spinal cord not the brain. Reflexes protect the body before the brain knows what is going on. ...
Brain and Consciousness - Oakton Community College
Brain and Consciousness - Oakton Community College

... Our Cerebral Cortex is divided into two hemispheres connected by a bridge The bridge that allows our hemispheres to keep in constant communication is the: ...
Nervous System ppt
Nervous System ppt

... Comparing the results, what would you say about each situation? Why is this the case? Some signals are transmitted through a series of connected neurons, and some signals are transmitted through a really long neuron (long axon) Which animal would you think would need really long axons to transmit si ...
Unit 2 bio-behavior review guide
Unit 2 bio-behavior review guide

Structure of the Nervous System
Structure of the Nervous System

... •Neurons link together to form neural circuits which perform special tasks. Many of these are reflexes. •Signaling within these circuits gives rise to higher cognitive functions, such as thinking. •Since circuits are needed for even the most basic function, it has been suggested that the functional ...
Chapter 2: Neuroscience and Behavior
Chapter 2: Neuroscience and Behavior

... or chemical communication  Electrical signals are called the Action Potential  Action Potentials are based on movements of ions between the outside and inside of the cell ...
Neurons
Neurons

... – 1 process divides into 2 branches, which function as a single axon ...
Central Nervous System Honors Biology Mr. Lee Room 320
Central Nervous System Honors Biology Mr. Lee Room 320

... dendrite or cell body of another – Neurotransmitters: • Chemicals that are released in the synaptic cleft • They cause electrical activity in the second neuron ...
The Nervous System
The Nervous System

... from the sense organs to the spinal cord and the brain – Motor neurons carry impulses from the brain and spinal cord to muscles and glands – Interneurons connect sensory and motor neurons and carry impulses ...
Answers to WHAT DID YOU LEARN questions
Answers to WHAT DID YOU LEARN questions

... The left hemisphere is usually called the categorical hemisphere. The left hemisphere contains the general interpretive and speech centers, and is specialized for language abilities as well as analytical and reasoning tasks. The other hemisphere, usually the right, is called the representational hem ...
Brainfunction - Oakton Community College
Brainfunction - Oakton Community College

... Brains exposed to enriched and challenging environments become smarter due to the growth of new extensive neural networks. Neuroplasticity or the ability to establish new neural networks occurs throughout life but does require more time and effort during adulthood. ...
Neurons and Neurotransmitters
Neurons and Neurotransmitters

... • Plato was the first to suggest that the mind was in the head. • In the 1800’s, Franz Gall proposed phrenology - studying bumps on the head for character traits and suggesting different parts of the brain control different aspects of behavior. ...
A.1 Neural Development
A.1 Neural Development

... The neural tube of embryonic chordates is formed by in-folding of ectoderm followed by elongation of the tube. Neurons are initially produced by differentiation in the neural tube Immature neurons migrate to a final location ...
Development
Development

... Neurons and Glia ...
013368718X_CH31_483-498.indd
013368718X_CH31_483-498.indd

... Functions of the Nervous System The nervous system collects information about the body’s internal and external environment, processes that information, and responds to it. The peripheral nervous system consists of nerves and supporting cells. It collects information about the body’s internal and ext ...
intro to psych brain and behavior
intro to psych brain and behavior

... After firing, the neuron dips below resting level and is less willing to fire ...
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Mirror neuron

A mirror neuron is a neuron that fires both when an animal acts and when the animal observes the same action performed by another. Thus, the neuron ""mirrors"" the behavior of the other, as though the observer were itself acting. Such neurons have been directly observed in primate species. Birds have been shown to have imitative resonance behaviors and neurological evidence suggests the presence of some form of mirroring system. In humans, brain activity consistent with that of mirror neurons has been found in the premotor cortex, the supplementary motor area, the primary somatosensory cortex and the inferior parietal cortex.The function of the mirror system is a subject of much speculation. Many researchers in cognitive neuroscience and cognitive psychology consider that this system provides the physiological mechanism for the perception/action coupling (see the common coding theory). They argue that mirror neurons may be important for understanding the actions of other people, and for learning new skills by imitation. Some researchers also speculate that mirror systems may simulate observed actions, and thus contribute to theory of mind skills, while others relate mirror neurons to language abilities. Neuroscientists such as Marco Iacoboni (UCLA) have argued that mirror neuron systems in the human brain help us understand the actions and intentions of other people. In a study published in March 2005 Iacoboni and his colleagues reported that mirror neurons could discern if another person who was picking up a cup of tea planned to drink from it or clear it from the table. In addition, Iacoboni has argued that mirror neurons are the neural basis of the human capacity for emotions such as empathy.It has also been proposed that problems with the mirror neuron system may underlie cognitive disorders, particularly autism. However the connection between mirror neuron dysfunction and autism is tentative and it remains to be seen how mirror neurons may be related to many of the important characteristics of autism.Despite the excitement generated by these findings, to date, no widely accepted neural or computational models have been put forward to describe how mirror neuron activity supports cognitive functions such as imitation. There are neuroscientists who caution that the claims being made for the role of mirror neurons are not supported by adequate research.
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