Synaptic Transmisson
... Spatial summation ~ Many different presynaptic neurones release neurotransmitter. Temporal summation ~ A single presynaptic neurones releases neurotransmitter many times over a short period. ...
... Spatial summation ~ Many different presynaptic neurones release neurotransmitter. Temporal summation ~ A single presynaptic neurones releases neurotransmitter many times over a short period. ...
moth`s nervous system - Wageningen UR E
... review focuses on some of our findings and speculations about the functional organization and physiology of the olfactory system in M. sexta; more detailed reviews of this and other aspects of our work have been presented elsewhere12"". A principal long-term goal of our research is to understand the ...
... review focuses on some of our findings and speculations about the functional organization and physiology of the olfactory system in M. sexta; more detailed reviews of this and other aspects of our work have been presented elsewhere12"". A principal long-term goal of our research is to understand the ...
Integrator or coincidence detector? The role of the cortical neuron
... and action potentials of u simulated neuron performing temporal integration of postsynaptic potentials (PSPs). The input is simulated on average as a balanced distribution of excitatory ond inhibitov PSPs(uniform distribution with a range of 35 PSPs;PSPmagnitude, 0.25 mV; resting potential, -70 mV; ...
... and action potentials of u simulated neuron performing temporal integration of postsynaptic potentials (PSPs). The input is simulated on average as a balanced distribution of excitatory ond inhibitov PSPs(uniform distribution with a range of 35 PSPs;PSPmagnitude, 0.25 mV; resting potential, -70 mV; ...
Ativity 13 - PCC - Portland Community College
... areas by ensuring that all movements are smooth and well coordinated. ...
... areas by ensuring that all movements are smooth and well coordinated. ...
The thalamus as a monitor of motor outputs
... then one is likely to be interested in a different set of properties that relate to features like movement vectors, etc. In practice, the retinofugal axon is more likely to be viewed in terms of its retinal properties, whereas one might start to look for the motor properties of the corticofugal axon ...
... then one is likely to be interested in a different set of properties that relate to features like movement vectors, etc. In practice, the retinofugal axon is more likely to be viewed in terms of its retinal properties, whereas one might start to look for the motor properties of the corticofugal axon ...
Spinal nerves
... • Gray commissure—connects masses of gray matter; encloses central canal • Dorsal horns - interneurons that receive somatic and visceral sensory input • Ventral horns - some interneurons; somatic motor neurons; axons exit cord via ventral roots • Lateral horns (only in thoracic and superior lumbar r ...
... • Gray commissure—connects masses of gray matter; encloses central canal • Dorsal horns - interneurons that receive somatic and visceral sensory input • Ventral horns - some interneurons; somatic motor neurons; axons exit cord via ventral roots • Lateral horns (only in thoracic and superior lumbar r ...
Intracellular and extracellular signatures of action potentials
... how the placement of the axon initial segment might affect the extracellular field. Experimental recordings reveal that the location of the axon initial segment varies in different cell types and might be altered by elevated activity. We provide theoretical evidence that those differences are reflec ...
... how the placement of the axon initial segment might affect the extracellular field. Experimental recordings reveal that the location of the axon initial segment varies in different cell types and might be altered by elevated activity. We provide theoretical evidence that those differences are reflec ...
Spinal Sensorimotor System: An Overview
... much involved in kinematical muscle actions, as suggested by the proximity of the skin receptors to the quadriceps muscle in Figure 9. That there is an interrelationship among muscle spindle receptors and joint receptors is perhaps obvious to you. Although most people do not commonly think of it as ...
... much involved in kinematical muscle actions, as suggested by the proximity of the skin receptors to the quadriceps muscle in Figure 9. That there is an interrelationship among muscle spindle receptors and joint receptors is perhaps obvious to you. Although most people do not commonly think of it as ...
Serotonin release from the neuronal cell body and its long
... electrical stimulation in the presence of FM1–43 dye produced a pattern of fluorescent spots in the soma that indicated cycles of calcium-dependent exo/endocytosis as vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane [17]. The dye incorporates into the internal membranes of vesicles that fuse, and therefore fl ...
... electrical stimulation in the presence of FM1–43 dye produced a pattern of fluorescent spots in the soma that indicated cycles of calcium-dependent exo/endocytosis as vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane [17]. The dye incorporates into the internal membranes of vesicles that fuse, and therefore fl ...
Lower Limb Nerve Injuries
... Measures SNAPs – unable to measure smaller myelinated nerves for pain and temperature 3. Electromyography (EMG) Hypodermic need inserted into muscle to visualise and hear muscle recruitment At rest there is silence, during movement noise and spikes Denervated muscles fire spontaneously (occu ...
... Measures SNAPs – unable to measure smaller myelinated nerves for pain and temperature 3. Electromyography (EMG) Hypodermic need inserted into muscle to visualise and hear muscle recruitment At rest there is silence, during movement noise and spikes Denervated muscles fire spontaneously (occu ...
morphology and synaptic connections of ultrafine primary axons
... processes. The dendrites receive slightly asymmetrical axodendritic synapses from the primary ending (Figs. 5, 9, a and d and 10). The most common dendritic processes are fine spine heads (S) which may contain mitochondria (Fig. 9d), tubular forms of agranular reticulum (Fig. 9d), and an occasional ...
... processes. The dendrites receive slightly asymmetrical axodendritic synapses from the primary ending (Figs. 5, 9, a and d and 10). The most common dendritic processes are fine spine heads (S) which may contain mitochondria (Fig. 9d), tubular forms of agranular reticulum (Fig. 9d), and an occasional ...
spinal cord
... Autonomic (Visceral) Reflex: Mediated through the ANS Not subject to conscious control Vasoconstriction/dilation, sweating, salivation, digestion, heart rate, pupil dilation/constriction ...
... Autonomic (Visceral) Reflex: Mediated through the ANS Not subject to conscious control Vasoconstriction/dilation, sweating, salivation, digestion, heart rate, pupil dilation/constriction ...
spinal cord
... Autonomic (Visceral) Reflex: Mediated through the ANS Not subject to conscious control Vasoconstriction/dilation, sweating, salivation, digestion, heart rate, pupil dilation/constriction ...
... Autonomic (Visceral) Reflex: Mediated through the ANS Not subject to conscious control Vasoconstriction/dilation, sweating, salivation, digestion, heart rate, pupil dilation/constriction ...
408 3 Physiology and Anatomy for the Speed and Power
... Fascial Meridians. There are superhighways of fascia that run throughout the body and are congruent with the meridians of energy flow described in acupuncture. Looking at these tissues, one will see that they are shiny. If you’ve never dissected a cadaver to observe this, you may have carved a turke ...
... Fascial Meridians. There are superhighways of fascia that run throughout the body and are congruent with the meridians of energy flow described in acupuncture. Looking at these tissues, one will see that they are shiny. If you’ve never dissected a cadaver to observe this, you may have carved a turke ...
Branching Thalamic Afferents Link Action and Perception
... Before the medial lemniscus and the anterolateral pathways reach the thalamus several axons are given off to intermediate stations, including the brain stem reticular nuclei, inferior olive, hypothalamus, and superior colliculus (summarized in Guillery and Sherman 2002a; only the ones to the superio ...
... Before the medial lemniscus and the anterolateral pathways reach the thalamus several axons are given off to intermediate stations, including the brain stem reticular nuclei, inferior olive, hypothalamus, and superior colliculus (summarized in Guillery and Sherman 2002a; only the ones to the superio ...
Document
... Somatic vs. Autonomic Systems: Efferent Pathways • Heavily myelinated axons of the somatic motor neurons extend from the CNS to the effector • Axons of the ANS are a two-neuron chain – The preganglionic (first) neuron has a lightly myelinated axon – The ganglionic (second) neuron extends to an effe ...
... Somatic vs. Autonomic Systems: Efferent Pathways • Heavily myelinated axons of the somatic motor neurons extend from the CNS to the effector • Axons of the ANS are a two-neuron chain – The preganglionic (first) neuron has a lightly myelinated axon – The ganglionic (second) neuron extends to an effe ...
Electron microscopical reconstruction of the anterior sensory
... five to seven doublet-microtubules about 2.5 p from its tip. These doublet tubules become singlets as they extend toward the tip, and two of them extend to the very end of the neuron. There is no ciliary rootlet. Figure 4 shows a n unciliated accessory neuron ending adjacent to a socket cell. A cell ...
... five to seven doublet-microtubules about 2.5 p from its tip. These doublet tubules become singlets as they extend toward the tip, and two of them extend to the very end of the neuron. There is no ciliary rootlet. Figure 4 shows a n unciliated accessory neuron ending adjacent to a socket cell. A cell ...
the spinal cord and spinal nerves
... area of damage, find their way into the distal regeneration tubes, and grow toward the distally located receptors and effectors. Thus, some sensory and motor connections are reestablished and some functions restored. In time, the Schwann cells form a new myelin sheath. REPAIR OF DAMAGED NERVES Some ...
... area of damage, find their way into the distal regeneration tubes, and grow toward the distally located receptors and effectors. Thus, some sensory and motor connections are reestablished and some functions restored. In time, the Schwann cells form a new myelin sheath. REPAIR OF DAMAGED NERVES Some ...
Viva Las Vagus
... • A left nonrecurrent inferior laryngeal nerve is even more uncommon, requiring the aortic arch be on the right side, accompanied by an arterial variant which prevents the nerve from being drawn into the chest by the left subclavian. • In about four people out of five, there is a connecting branch b ...
... • A left nonrecurrent inferior laryngeal nerve is even more uncommon, requiring the aortic arch be on the right side, accompanied by an arterial variant which prevents the nerve from being drawn into the chest by the left subclavian. • In about four people out of five, there is a connecting branch b ...
SOME OBSERVATIONS UPON THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS
... seems that the overlap of innervation between segments (also found in petromyzonts, see Peters & Mackay, 1961), reflected in the absence of strict segmentation in the motoneurons of the cord, must imply that the animal is unable to contract the muscles of one segment at a time; stimulation of one ve ...
... seems that the overlap of innervation between segments (also found in petromyzonts, see Peters & Mackay, 1961), reflected in the absence of strict segmentation in the motoneurons of the cord, must imply that the animal is unable to contract the muscles of one segment at a time; stimulation of one ve ...
Multiple Modes of Action Potential Initiation and Propagation in
... recordings with computational modeling to analyze action-potential initiation and propagation in the primary dendrite. In response to depolarizing current injection or distal olfactory nerve input, fast Na⫹ action potentials were recorded along the entire length of the primary dendritic trunk. With ...
... recordings with computational modeling to analyze action-potential initiation and propagation in the primary dendrite. In response to depolarizing current injection or distal olfactory nerve input, fast Na⫹ action potentials were recorded along the entire length of the primary dendritic trunk. With ...
Advanced biomaterial strategies to transplant preformed micro
... no current strategies to restore lost long-distance axonal pathways in the brain. We are creating transplantable micro-tissue engineered neural networks (micro-TENNs), which are preformed constructs consisting of embedded neurons and long axonal tracts to integrate with the nervous system to physica ...
... no current strategies to restore lost long-distance axonal pathways in the brain. We are creating transplantable micro-tissue engineered neural networks (micro-TENNs), which are preformed constructs consisting of embedded neurons and long axonal tracts to integrate with the nervous system to physica ...
a few sensory concepts, 100416
... Generator potentials are produced by dendrites of free nerve endings, encapsulated nerve endings, and olfactory receptors (that is, first-order neurons). ...
... Generator potentials are produced by dendrites of free nerve endings, encapsulated nerve endings, and olfactory receptors (that is, first-order neurons). ...
Axon
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An axon (from Greek ἄξων áxōn, axis), also known as a nerve fibre, is a long, slender projection of a nerve cell, or neuron, that typically conducts electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body. The function of the axon is to transmit information to different neurons, muscles and glands. In certain sensory neurons (pseudounipolar neurons), such as those for touch and warmth, the electrical impulse travels along an axon from the periphery to the cell body, and from the cell body to the spinal cord along another branch of the same axon. Axon dysfunction causes many inherited and acquired neurological disorders which can affect both the peripheral and central neurons.An axon is one of two types of protoplasmic protrusions that extrude from the cell body of a neuron, the other type being dendrites. Axons are distinguished from dendrites by several features, including shape (dendrites often taper while axons usually maintain a constant radius), length (dendrites are restricted to a small region around the cell body while axons can be much longer), and function (dendrites usually receive signals while axons usually transmit them). All of these rules have exceptions, however.Some types of neurons have no axon and transmit signals from their dendrites. No neuron ever has more than one axon; however in invertebrates such as insects or leeches the axon sometimes consists of several regions that function more or less independently of each other. Most axons branch, in some cases very profusely.Axons make contact with other cells—usually other neurons but sometimes muscle or gland cells—at junctions called synapses. At a synapse, the membrane of the axon closely adjoins the membrane of the target cell, and special molecular structures serve to transmit electrical or electrochemical signals across the gap. Some synaptic junctions appear partway along an axon as it extends—these are called en passant (""in passing"") synapses. Other synapses appear as terminals at the ends of axonal branches. A single axon, with all its branches taken together, can innervate multiple parts of the brain and generate thousands of synaptic terminals.