Chapter 11: Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue
... Which of the following is true? A) The resting plasma membrane is more permeable to Na+ than K+. B) The resting membrane potential never reaches an equilibrium point. C) The resting membrane potential is proportional to the tendency for K+ to diffuse out of the cell. D) Negatively charged Cl- ions a ...
... Which of the following is true? A) The resting plasma membrane is more permeable to Na+ than K+. B) The resting membrane potential never reaches an equilibrium point. C) The resting membrane potential is proportional to the tendency for K+ to diffuse out of the cell. D) Negatively charged Cl- ions a ...
nervous system
... across neuron membranes At rest, a neuron’s plasma membrane has potential energy—the membrane potential, in which – just inside the cell is slightly negative and – just outside the cell is slightly positive. ...
... across neuron membranes At rest, a neuron’s plasma membrane has potential energy—the membrane potential, in which – just inside the cell is slightly negative and – just outside the cell is slightly positive. ...
Nervous System - Dr. Eric Schwartz
... a second stimulus, no matter how strong, will not produce a second action potential . • This occurs during the period when the voltage-gated Na+ channels are either already open or have proceeded to the inactivated state during the first action potential. • Following the absolute refractory period, ...
... a second stimulus, no matter how strong, will not produce a second action potential . • This occurs during the period when the voltage-gated Na+ channels are either already open or have proceeded to the inactivated state during the first action potential. • Following the absolute refractory period, ...
Unit 8 - Perry Local Schools
... Potential Difference (PD) = the difference in electrical charge between 2 points (across cell membrane) Resting Membrane Potential (RMP) = results from the distribution of ions across the cell membrane Resting neuron’s cell membrane – polarized K+ high inside Na+ high outside Cl- high outs ...
... Potential Difference (PD) = the difference in electrical charge between 2 points (across cell membrane) Resting Membrane Potential (RMP) = results from the distribution of ions across the cell membrane Resting neuron’s cell membrane – polarized K+ high inside Na+ high outside Cl- high outs ...
chapt09answers
... A cell membrane is usually polarized, with an excess of __negative___________ charges on the inside of the membrane; polarization is important to the conduction of nerve impulses. The distribution of ions is determined by the membrane __membrane channel proteins_ that are selective for certain ions ...
... A cell membrane is usually polarized, with an excess of __negative___________ charges on the inside of the membrane; polarization is important to the conduction of nerve impulses. The distribution of ions is determined by the membrane __membrane channel proteins_ that are selective for certain ions ...
Unit One: Introduction to Physiology: The Cell and General Physiology
... • Function of the Organ of Corti a. Receptor organ that generates nerve impulses in response to vibration of the basilar membrane b. Actual receptors are called “hair” cells c. Nerve fibers that are stimulated lead to the spiral ganglion of Corti which sends axons to the cochlear nerve ...
... • Function of the Organ of Corti a. Receptor organ that generates nerve impulses in response to vibration of the basilar membrane b. Actual receptors are called “hair” cells c. Nerve fibers that are stimulated lead to the spiral ganglion of Corti which sends axons to the cochlear nerve ...
m5zn_aeb235b83927ffb
... more selective than those elsewhere in the body They allow essential nutrients and oxygen to pass freely into the brain, but keep out many chemicals, such as metabolic wastes This selective mechanism, called the blood-brain barrier, maintains a stable chemical environment for the brain. ...
... more selective than those elsewhere in the body They allow essential nutrients and oxygen to pass freely into the brain, but keep out many chemicals, such as metabolic wastes This selective mechanism, called the blood-brain barrier, maintains a stable chemical environment for the brain. ...
Nervous System - Calgary Christian School
... the neurons and glia. Most drugs do not get into the brain. Only drugs that are fat soluble can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. These include drugs of abuse as well as drugs that treat mental and neurological illness. The blood-brain barrier is important for maintaining the environment of neurons ...
... the neurons and glia. Most drugs do not get into the brain. Only drugs that are fat soluble can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. These include drugs of abuse as well as drugs that treat mental and neurological illness. The blood-brain barrier is important for maintaining the environment of neurons ...
Nervous System - An-Najah Staff - An
... local graded potentials called excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSPs), caused by the opening of channels that allow simultaneous passage of Na+ and K+. • Neurotransmitter binding at inhibitory chemical synapses results in hyperpolarizations called inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSPs), caused ...
... local graded potentials called excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSPs), caused by the opening of channels that allow simultaneous passage of Na+ and K+. • Neurotransmitter binding at inhibitory chemical synapses results in hyperpolarizations called inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSPs), caused ...
P312Ch11_Auditory II (EarDetails)
... There are two sets of muscles attached to the bones of the middle ear . . . Tensor tympani muscle connects to malleus Stapedius muscle connect to stapes When these muscles contract . . . Malleus is pulled to one side – so doesn’t impart as much movement to incus Stapes is forced to move from side-to ...
... There are two sets of muscles attached to the bones of the middle ear . . . Tensor tympani muscle connects to malleus Stapedius muscle connect to stapes When these muscles contract . . . Malleus is pulled to one side – so doesn’t impart as much movement to incus Stapes is forced to move from side-to ...
Hearing Anatomy
... (they pull on opposite ends of ossicular chain) – Tensor tympani stretches ear drum tight; more resistant to large vibrations of sound – Stapedius attaches to stapes (antagonist to tensor tympani)and stiffens ossicular chain and acts against transmission of loud sounds. – At extremely loud sounds th ...
... (they pull on opposite ends of ossicular chain) – Tensor tympani stretches ear drum tight; more resistant to large vibrations of sound – Stapedius attaches to stapes (antagonist to tensor tympani)and stiffens ossicular chain and acts against transmission of loud sounds. – At extremely loud sounds th ...
June 14_Neuroanatomy & Audition
... So much K+ flows out of the neuron that the membrane potential returns to a value lower than that of its resting state. This is called hyperpolarization. What effect do you think this might have on the neuron’s ability to fire again and send a ...
... So much K+ flows out of the neuron that the membrane potential returns to a value lower than that of its resting state. This is called hyperpolarization. What effect do you think this might have on the neuron’s ability to fire again and send a ...
NVCC Bio 211 - gserianne.com
... • Caused by various stimuli • chemicals • temperature changes • mechanical forces ...
... • Caused by various stimuli • chemicals • temperature changes • mechanical forces ...
Chp 9: NERVOUS TISSUE
... When muscle fibers and neurons are ‘at rest’, the voltage across the plasma membrane is termed the __________________________________________. In living tissues, the flow of ions constitutes electrical currents. A. Ion Channels Let specific ions move from areas of high concentration to areas of low ...
... When muscle fibers and neurons are ‘at rest’, the voltage across the plasma membrane is termed the __________________________________________. In living tissues, the flow of ions constitutes electrical currents. A. Ion Channels Let specific ions move from areas of high concentration to areas of low ...
Synapse - MBBS Students Club
... • Their initial amplitude may be of almost any size – it simply depends on how much Na+ originally entered the cell, which depends on how many NT molecules were released. • If the initial amplitude of the GP is sufficient, it will spread all the way to the axon hillock where Voltagegated Na channels ...
... • Their initial amplitude may be of almost any size – it simply depends on how much Na+ originally entered the cell, which depends on how many NT molecules were released. • If the initial amplitude of the GP is sufficient, it will spread all the way to the axon hillock where Voltagegated Na channels ...
Synapse
... • Their initial amplitude may be of almost any size – it simply depends on how much Na+ originally entered the cell, which depends on how many NT molecules were released. • If the initial amplitude of the GP is sufficient, it will spread all the way to the axon hillock where Voltagegated Na channels ...
... • Their initial amplitude may be of almost any size – it simply depends on how much Na+ originally entered the cell, which depends on how many NT molecules were released. • If the initial amplitude of the GP is sufficient, it will spread all the way to the axon hillock where Voltagegated Na channels ...
No Slide Title
... 4. Attachment: Molecules of neurotransmitter diffuse across the synaptic cleft to the postsynaptic membrane where they attach to the binding sites of specialised protein receptors. A neurotransmitter molecule fits into a binding site like a key in a lock so receptors only work with a specific ne ...
... 4. Attachment: Molecules of neurotransmitter diffuse across the synaptic cleft to the postsynaptic membrane where they attach to the binding sites of specialised protein receptors. A neurotransmitter molecule fits into a binding site like a key in a lock so receptors only work with a specific ne ...
Nervous System Histology Membrane and Action Potential
... If a membrane has a resting potential of 90mv it is said to be _________. a. depolarized b. polarized c. hyperpolarized d. unresponsive BACK TO GAME ...
... If a membrane has a resting potential of 90mv it is said to be _________. a. depolarized b. polarized c. hyperpolarized d. unresponsive BACK TO GAME ...
…and now, for something completely different.
... When gated ion channels are open, ions diffuse quickly across the plasma membrane in the direction of their electro-chemical gradient, creating electrical currents and voltage changes across the membrane according to Ohms’s law: V+IxR ...
... When gated ion channels are open, ions diffuse quickly across the plasma membrane in the direction of their electro-chemical gradient, creating electrical currents and voltage changes across the membrane according to Ohms’s law: V+IxR ...
harsh 1
... Pressure potential is based on mechanical pressure, and is an important component of the total water potential within plant cells. Pressure potential is increased as water enters a cell. As water passes through the cell wall and cell membrane, it increases the total amount of water present inside th ...
... Pressure potential is based on mechanical pressure, and is an important component of the total water potential within plant cells. Pressure potential is increased as water enters a cell. As water passes through the cell wall and cell membrane, it increases the total amount of water present inside th ...
Nervous System Cells - Dr. M`s Classes Rock
... o Membrane potential: slight excess of positively charged ions on the outside of the membrane and slight deficiency of positively charged ions on the inside of the membrane o Difference in electrical charge is called potential because it is a type of stored energy Resting membrane potential o Memb ...
... o Membrane potential: slight excess of positively charged ions on the outside of the membrane and slight deficiency of positively charged ions on the inside of the membrane o Difference in electrical charge is called potential because it is a type of stored energy Resting membrane potential o Memb ...
Resting potential
The relatively static membrane potential of quiescent cells is called the resting membrane potential (or resting voltage), as opposed to the specific dynamic electrochemical phenomena called action potential and graded membrane potential.Apart from the latter two, which occur in excitable cells (neurons, muscles, and some secretory cells in glands), membrane voltage in the majority of non-excitable cells can also undergo changes in response to environmental or intracellular stimuli. In principle, there is no difference between resting membrane potential and dynamic voltage changes like action potential from a biophysical point of view: all these phenomena are caused by specific changes in membrane permeabilities for potassium, sodium, calcium, and chloride ions, which in turn result from concerted changes in functional activity of various ion channels, ion transporters, and exchangers. Conventionally, resting membrane potential can be defined as a relatively stable, ground value of transmembrane voltage in animal and plant cells.Any voltage is a difference in electric potential between two points—for example, the separation of positive and negative electric charges on opposite sides of a resistive barrier. The typical resting membrane potential of a cell arises from the separation of potassium ions from intracellular, relatively immobile anions across the membrane of the cell. Because the membrane permeability for potassium is much higher than that for other ions (disregarding voltage-gated channels at this stage), and because of the strong chemical gradient for potassium, potassium ions flow from the cytosol into the extracellular space carrying out positive charge, until their movement is balanced by build-up of negative charge on the inner surface of the membrane. Again, because of the high relative permeability for potassium, the resulting membrane potential is almost always close to the potassium reversal potential. But in order for this process to occur, a concentration gradient of potassium ions must first be set up. This work is done by the ion pumps/transporters and/or exchangers and generally is powered by ATP.In the case of the resting membrane potential across an animal cell's plasma membrane, potassium (and sodium) gradients are established by the Na+/K+-ATPase (sodium-potassium pump) which transports 2 potassium ions inside and 3 sodium ions outside at the cost of 1 ATP molecule. In other cases, for example, a membrane potential may be established by acidification of the inside of a membranous compartment (such as the proton pump that generates membrane potential across synaptic vesicle membranes).