ABC of clinical electrocardiography Junctional tachycardias
... They can last a few seconds, several hours, or days. The frequency of episodes can vary between several a day, or one episode in a lifetime. Most patients have only mild symptoms, such as palpitations or the sensation that their heart is beating rapidly. More severe symptoms include dizziness, dyspn ...
... They can last a few seconds, several hours, or days. The frequency of episodes can vary between several a day, or one episode in a lifetime. Most patients have only mild symptoms, such as palpitations or the sensation that their heart is beating rapidly. More severe symptoms include dizziness, dyspn ...
Atrioventricular Junction Ablation In Atrial Fibrillation
... radiofrequency ablation is performed in the right atrium through femoral venous access with the ablation catheter advanced across the tricuspid valve annulus and withdrawn until it lies over the compact AV node, typically identified by a definite His signal, and a large atrial and smaller ventricula ...
... radiofrequency ablation is performed in the right atrium through femoral venous access with the ablation catheter advanced across the tricuspid valve annulus and withdrawn until it lies over the compact AV node, typically identified by a definite His signal, and a large atrial and smaller ventricula ...
Hemodynamic Effects of Heart Rate in Aortic
... operation using electromagnetic flowmeters on the ascending aorta to measure forward and regurgitant flows. They found no consistent changes in either total forward or regurgitant flows per minute as the heart rates were increased by pacing. The present study was carried out to measure the effect of ...
... operation using electromagnetic flowmeters on the ascending aorta to measure forward and regurgitant flows. They found no consistent changes in either total forward or regurgitant flows per minute as the heart rates were increased by pacing. The present study was carried out to measure the effect of ...
Conventional and biventricular pacing in patients with first
... mechanical left AV synchrony, a situation where a pacingcontrolled AV delay would not be expected to produce further haemodynamic improvement.7 Implantation of a conventional dual-chamber pacemaker may improve cardiac performance on a short-term basis in a minority of patients with severe HF, first- ...
... mechanical left AV synchrony, a situation where a pacingcontrolled AV delay would not be expected to produce further haemodynamic improvement.7 Implantation of a conventional dual-chamber pacemaker may improve cardiac performance on a short-term basis in a minority of patients with severe HF, first- ...
Atrial Fibrillation-Related Stroke across the Asia
... cases it goes undetected ◆◆ One major problem with AF is that it is often asymptomatic.24 As a result, many patients are not diagnosed and do not receive the anticoagulation that they need ◆◆ In recent years, strategies have been developed to improve detection of AF: a first step towards providing t ...
... cases it goes undetected ◆◆ One major problem with AF is that it is often asymptomatic.24 As a result, many patients are not diagnosed and do not receive the anticoagulation that they need ◆◆ In recent years, strategies have been developed to improve detection of AF: a first step towards providing t ...
Mark E. Silverman, Daniel Grove and Charles B. Upshaw, Jr Why
... the significance of his discovery, although he believed that increased resistance to impulse propagation played a significant role. By placing a ligature in the AV groove and cutting away portions of atrial tissue, Gaskell created various degrees of block between the atrium and the ventricle. With i ...
... the significance of his discovery, although he believed that increased resistance to impulse propagation played a significant role. By placing a ligature in the AV groove and cutting away portions of atrial tissue, Gaskell created various degrees of block between the atrium and the ventricle. With i ...
Closure of atrial septal defect in the adult. Cardiac remodeling is an
... change later on. The temporal pattern of the left ventricular changes, although going in an opposite direction, followed by and large those of the right heart. At the “one-year” examination after closure there was no statistically significant differences in right ventricular – right atrium pressure ...
... change later on. The temporal pattern of the left ventricular changes, although going in an opposite direction, followed by and large those of the right heart. At the “one-year” examination after closure there was no statistically significant differences in right ventricular – right atrium pressure ...
Intrinsic changes on automatism, conduction, and refractoriness by
... of 30-s duration were used to calculate the SNRT (the first train at a frequency 10% above the spontaneous HR), and in each stimulation period the train frequency was increased by 40 beats/min. Several trains were used until the maximum frequency with auricular capture was reached. The pause between ...
... of 30-s duration were used to calculate the SNRT (the first train at a frequency 10% above the spontaneous HR), and in each stimulation period the train frequency was increased by 40 beats/min. Several trains were used until the maximum frequency with auricular capture was reached. The pause between ...
Intrinsic changes on automatism, conduction
... of 30-s duration were used to calculate the SNRT (the first train at a frequency 10% above the spontaneous HR), and in each stimulation period the train frequency was increased by 40 beats/min. Several trains were used until the maximum frequency with auricular capture was reached. The pause between ...
... of 30-s duration were used to calculate the SNRT (the first train at a frequency 10% above the spontaneous HR), and in each stimulation period the train frequency was increased by 40 beats/min. Several trains were used until the maximum frequency with auricular capture was reached. The pause between ...
Tina`s EKG Rhythm Recognition Notes
... P-waves are normal, but are not always followed by a QRS complex P-R interval gets longer and longer until a QRS complex is blocked; cycle starts over QRS complex is normal Classical (Mobitz II) occurs when some beats are conducted and others are intermittently blocked—7.12 Rhythm will be regular, i ...
... P-waves are normal, but are not always followed by a QRS complex P-R interval gets longer and longer until a QRS complex is blocked; cycle starts over QRS complex is normal Classical (Mobitz II) occurs when some beats are conducted and others are intermittently blocked—7.12 Rhythm will be regular, i ...
Venous Thromboembolism Increases the Risk of Atrial Fibrillation
... right ventricular and atrial strain that in turn may trigger atrial fibrillation.6,7 Even in normotensive patients, right ventricle dysfunction occurs in 50% of PE cases on admission,8 and may persist several months after the initial thrombotic event.9,10 Despite circumstantial evidence of an associ ...
... right ventricular and atrial strain that in turn may trigger atrial fibrillation.6,7 Even in normotensive patients, right ventricle dysfunction occurs in 50% of PE cases on admission,8 and may persist several months after the initial thrombotic event.9,10 Despite circumstantial evidence of an associ ...
9/5 - Weebly
... Ventricular ectopic rhythms -ventricular wall renegade spots -multifocal PVCs – at least two or more sites on wall of ventricle are irritated and renegade -almost always the rhythm is too fast if a ventricular ectopic spot -leads to Vtach and Vfib -clinically significant if more than 6 per minute -c ...
... Ventricular ectopic rhythms -ventricular wall renegade spots -multifocal PVCs – at least two or more sites on wall of ventricle are irritated and renegade -almost always the rhythm is too fast if a ventricular ectopic spot -leads to Vtach and Vfib -clinically significant if more than 6 per minute -c ...
Quality of Care for Atrial Fibrillation Among Patients
... were more likely to have HF with preserved systolic function because they had a higher median LVEF (40% vs. 35%) and a lower incidence of significant left ventricular dysfunction (40% vs. 47.8% with an LVEF ⬍40%). Patients admitted in AF were more likely to have a history of stroke or transient isch ...
... were more likely to have HF with preserved systolic function because they had a higher median LVEF (40% vs. 35%) and a lower incidence of significant left ventricular dysfunction (40% vs. 47.8% with an LVEF ⬍40%). Patients admitted in AF were more likely to have a history of stroke or transient isch ...
EKG Fundamentals
... transmit signal to the endocardium such that there is near simultaneous contraction of the right and left ventricles. Electrical signal generally reaches the papillary muscles first in order to prevent regurgitation of blood flow through the AV valves. ...
... transmit signal to the endocardium such that there is near simultaneous contraction of the right and left ventricles. Electrical signal generally reaches the papillary muscles first in order to prevent regurgitation of blood flow through the AV valves. ...
Effect of Heart Rate Increase on Dorsal Aortic Flow in the
... The early chick embryo did not respond like the late gestation fetal lamb to a spontaneous increase in heart rate. Rather, the chick embryo behaved more like the fetal lamb paced from the left atrium (8). We found that as heart rate increased above intrinsic, there was a marked compromise in cardiac ...
... The early chick embryo did not respond like the late gestation fetal lamb to a spontaneous increase in heart rate. Rather, the chick embryo behaved more like the fetal lamb paced from the left atrium (8). We found that as heart rate increased above intrinsic, there was a marked compromise in cardiac ...
Sinus Node
... • Transient block of impulses from the SA node • Identified by P-P interval relationship ...
... • Transient block of impulses from the SA node • Identified by P-P interval relationship ...
Low-Dose Aspirin for Prevention of Stroke in Low
... with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) has been established, efficacy of antiplatelet therapy for low-risk patients is disputable in Japanese patients because of the frequent hemorrhagic complications. We examined the efficacy and safety of aspirin therapy in Japanese patients with NVAF in a pr ...
... with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) has been established, efficacy of antiplatelet therapy for low-risk patients is disputable in Japanese patients because of the frequent hemorrhagic complications. We examined the efficacy and safety of aspirin therapy in Japanese patients with NVAF in a pr ...
Commotio cordis: an important cause of sudden cardiac
... wall compliance of young athletes described above.9 It is important to note that CC can occur in non-athletes as well. The USCCR has recorded cases in which CC was induced following chest contact during such seemingly harmless events as horse-play, being struck with a snow saucer, and a family pet c ...
... wall compliance of young athletes described above.9 It is important to note that CC can occur in non-athletes as well. The USCCR has recorded cases in which CC was induced following chest contact during such seemingly harmless events as horse-play, being struck with a snow saucer, and a family pet c ...
The Impact of Transcatheter Atrial Septal Defect Closure in the Older
... Atrial septal defect (ASD) is one of the most common forms of congenital heart disease in adults (1), accounting for approximately 10% of all congenital cardiac defects (2,3). The left-toright shunt through an ASD results in chronic volume overload of the right heart and, if untreated, may lead to a ...
... Atrial septal defect (ASD) is one of the most common forms of congenital heart disease in adults (1), accounting for approximately 10% of all congenital cardiac defects (2,3). The left-toright shunt through an ASD results in chronic volume overload of the right heart and, if untreated, may lead to a ...
2.02.26 Percutaneous LeftAtrial Appendage Closure
... Stroke in AF occurs primarily as a result of thromboembolism from the left atrium. The lack of atrial contractions in AF leads to blood stasis in the left atrium, and this low flow state increases the risk for thrombosis. The area of the left atrium with the lowest blood flow in AF, and, therefore, ...
... Stroke in AF occurs primarily as a result of thromboembolism from the left atrium. The lack of atrial contractions in AF leads to blood stasis in the left atrium, and this low flow state increases the risk for thrombosis. The area of the left atrium with the lowest blood flow in AF, and, therefore, ...
Atrial transport function in coronary artery disease: Relation
... left atrial storage and conduit function is equal to stroke volume. The conduit function of the left atrium can be divided into passive and active phases, with the latter related to left atrial contraction. This active filling of the left ventricle not only increases the volume of blood delivered, b ...
... left atrial storage and conduit function is equal to stroke volume. The conduit function of the left atrium can be divided into passive and active phases, with the latter related to left atrial contraction. This active filling of the left ventricle not only increases the volume of blood delivered, b ...
atrial fibrillation - Heart and Stroke Foundation
... • You will take a blood thinner for 3 to 4 weeks before and 4 weeks afterwards. The blood thinner reduces your risk of having a stroke. How long you have to take a blood thinner for after the procedure will depend on your stroke risk. • If you are on warfarin (Coumadin), your INR blood level will ...
... • You will take a blood thinner for 3 to 4 weeks before and 4 weeks afterwards. The blood thinner reduces your risk of having a stroke. How long you have to take a blood thinner for after the procedure will depend on your stroke risk. • If you are on warfarin (Coumadin), your INR blood level will ...
Reduced incidence of new-onset atrial fibrillation
... and cardiovascular death in the Losartan Intervention for End Point Reduction in Hypertension (LIFE) study [4]. The LIFE study also showed that ARB-based therapy reduced the incidence of AF in patients without AF at baseline by 21% [5]. Similar results were reported from the Candesartan in Heart fai ...
... and cardiovascular death in the Losartan Intervention for End Point Reduction in Hypertension (LIFE) study [4]. The LIFE study also showed that ARB-based therapy reduced the incidence of AF in patients without AF at baseline by 21% [5]. Similar results were reported from the Candesartan in Heart fai ...
Atrium-Selective Sodium Channel Block as a Strategy
... Methods and Results—Whole-cell patch clamp techniques were used to evaluate inactivation of peak sodium channel current (INa) in myocytes isolated from canine atria and ventricles. The electrophysiological effects of therapeutic concentrations of ranolazine (1 to 10 mol/L) and lidocaine (2.1 to 21 ...
... Methods and Results—Whole-cell patch clamp techniques were used to evaluate inactivation of peak sodium channel current (INa) in myocytes isolated from canine atria and ventricles. The electrophysiological effects of therapeutic concentrations of ranolazine (1 to 10 mol/L) and lidocaine (2.1 to 21 ...
CARDIAC DYSRHYTHMIAS Overview and Therapeutic Modalities
... Once the carbon dioxide and oxygen is exhaled, oxygen is inhaled and an exchange of gases or diffusion occurs at the millions of alveolar capillary membranes in the lungs. It is at this location that oxygen attaches to the hemoglobin receptor sites on the red blood cell. The oxygenated blood is carr ...
... Once the carbon dioxide and oxygen is exhaled, oxygen is inhaled and an exchange of gases or diffusion occurs at the millions of alveolar capillary membranes in the lungs. It is at this location that oxygen attaches to the hemoglobin receptor sites on the red blood cell. The oxygenated blood is carr ...
Atrial fibrillation
Atrial fibrillation (AF or A-fib) is an abnormal heart rhythm characterized by rapid and irregular beating. Often it starts as brief periods of abnormal beating which become longer and possibly constant over time. Most episodes have no symptoms. Occasionally there may be heart palpitations, fainting, shortness of breath, or chest pain. The disease increases the risk of heart failure, dementia, and stroke.Hypertension and valvular heart disease are the most common alterable risk factors for AF. Other heart-related risk factors include heart failure, coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy, and congenital heart disease. In the developing world valvular heart disease often occurs as a result of rheumatic fever. Lung-related risk factors include COPD, obesity, and sleep apnea. Other factors include excess alcohol intake, diabetes mellitus, and thyrotoxicosis. However, half of cases are not associated with one of these risks. A diagnosis is made by feeling the pulse and may be confirmed using an electrocardiogram (ECG). The typical ECG shows no P waves and an irregular ventricular rate.AF is often treated with medications to slow the heart rate to a near normal range (known as rate control) or to convert the rhythm to normal sinus rhythm (known as rhythm control). Electrical cardioversion can also be used to convert AF to a normal sinus rhythm and is often used emergently if the person is unstable. Ablation may prevent recurrence in some people. Depending on the risk of stroke either aspirin or anti-clotting medications such as warfarin or a novel oral anticoagulant may be recommended. While these medications reduce this risk, they increase rates of major bleeding.Atrial fibrillation is the most common serious abnormal heart rhythm. In Europe and North America, as of 2014, it affects about 2% to 3% of the population. This is an increase from 0.4 to 1% of the population around 2005. In the developing world about 0.6% of males and 0.4% of females are affected. The percentage of people with AF increases with age with 0.14% under 50 years old, 4% between 60 and 70 years old, and 14% over 80 years old being affected. A-fib and atrial flutter resulted in 112,000 deaths in 2013, up from 29,000 in 1990. The first known report of an irregular pulse was by John Baptist Senac in 1749. This was first documented by ECG in 1909 by Thomas Lewis.