Neuronal fiber tracts connecting the brain and ventral nerve cord of
... behaviors involving movement of the wings, legs, and abdomen) and subesophageal ganglion (CPGs controlling behaviors involving the mouth parts; Burrows, 1996; Heinrich, 2002). Given that many behaviors make use of the same muscles/ motor neurons (e.g., wing beating in flies is part of flight and matin ...
... behaviors involving movement of the wings, legs, and abdomen) and subesophageal ganglion (CPGs controlling behaviors involving the mouth parts; Burrows, 1996; Heinrich, 2002). Given that many behaviors make use of the same muscles/ motor neurons (e.g., wing beating in flies is part of flight and matin ...
A Motion-sensitive Area in Ferret Extrastriate
... T = 6200 ms, the resulting error in determining the PD would have been (50/6200) 3 360 = 2.9. This error in estimating the PD (Dangle < 3.0) is an order of magnitude smaller than the error in determining a neuron’s PD when testing with patterns moving linearly in typically four or eight different ...
... T = 6200 ms, the resulting error in determining the PD would have been (50/6200) 3 360 = 2.9. This error in estimating the PD (Dangle < 3.0) is an order of magnitude smaller than the error in determining a neuron’s PD when testing with patterns moving linearly in typically four or eight different ...
Cartesian spatial coordinates Computing reaching dynamics in
... Lukashin et al. 1996; Sanger 1996) or from neurons that encode intrinsic joint angular velocity (Mussa-Ivaldi 1988). The preferred directions (PDs) of motor cortical neurons exhibited a shoulder-centered reference frame when a few parts of the workspace were examined (Caminiti et al. 1990). In a mor ...
... Lukashin et al. 1996; Sanger 1996) or from neurons that encode intrinsic joint angular velocity (Mussa-Ivaldi 1988). The preferred directions (PDs) of motor cortical neurons exhibited a shoulder-centered reference frame when a few parts of the workspace were examined (Caminiti et al. 1990). In a mor ...
THE PEDAL NEURONS OF APLYSIA PUNCTATA
... There are no detailed accounts of the connexions and branching of the axons of neurons in the pedal ganglia of opisthobranchs. Most of the experiments on these ganglia have been limited to cutting and stimulating nerve trunks, and using these techniques, Frohlich (1910) demonstrated the role of the ...
... There are no detailed accounts of the connexions and branching of the axons of neurons in the pedal ganglia of opisthobranchs. Most of the experiments on these ganglia have been limited to cutting and stimulating nerve trunks, and using these techniques, Frohlich (1910) demonstrated the role of the ...
reciprocal inhibition in the motor nervous system of the nematode
... If there are excitatory cholinergic postsynaptic receptors on the VI dendrite, then the dorsal excitors would excite the VI at the same time that they activate the dorsal muscle. This coupling of inhibition in ventral muscle to excitation in dorsal muscle would provide a mechanism for reciprocity be ...
... If there are excitatory cholinergic postsynaptic receptors on the VI dendrite, then the dorsal excitors would excite the VI at the same time that they activate the dorsal muscle. This coupling of inhibition in ventral muscle to excitation in dorsal muscle would provide a mechanism for reciprocity be ...
Neurons in the Most Superficial Lamina of the Mouse Superior
... feature of the visual world (Dhande and Huberman, 2014). However, the functional properties of SGS neurons cannot be inferred easily from anatomical projection patterns, in part because different RGC subtypes often project to the same SGS sublaminae. For example, the upper SGS, in addition to receiv ...
... feature of the visual world (Dhande and Huberman, 2014). However, the functional properties of SGS neurons cannot be inferred easily from anatomical projection patterns, in part because different RGC subtypes often project to the same SGS sublaminae. For example, the upper SGS, in addition to receiv ...
1 Removing the Constraints on Our Choices: A Psychobiological
... by subcortical areas in charge of arousal and vigilance, by top-down processes, and by processes in charge of habituation (a decreased response to familiar stimuli) and sensitization (an increased response to stimuli of importance to the organism). These processes, based on an individual’s genetic ...
... by subcortical areas in charge of arousal and vigilance, by top-down processes, and by processes in charge of habituation (a decreased response to familiar stimuli) and sensitization (an increased response to stimuli of importance to the organism). These processes, based on an individual’s genetic ...
Whole-brain functional imaging at cellular resolution using light
... on the number of neurons that can be imaged at the same time and the total brain size of the animal under study. Thus, interactions between neurons in different brain areas are easily missed, and functionally related ensembles of neurons are undetectable if their activity is not tightly locked to a ...
... on the number of neurons that can be imaged at the same time and the total brain size of the animal under study. Thus, interactions between neurons in different brain areas are easily missed, and functionally related ensembles of neurons are undetectable if their activity is not tightly locked to a ...
NEST: An Environment for Neural Systems Simulations
... certain class of cells, the neurons, which interact at specialized points of contacts, the synapses. A generated spike arrives at one or more target neurons after a delay of a few milliseconds and causes a small change in the neurons’ membrane potentials (so-called post-synaptic potential). It is of ...
... certain class of cells, the neurons, which interact at specialized points of contacts, the synapses. A generated spike arrives at one or more target neurons after a delay of a few milliseconds and causes a small change in the neurons’ membrane potentials (so-called post-synaptic potential). It is of ...
A coincidence detector neural network model of selective attention
... modelling offers an appealing approach towards understanding psychological phenomena as the level of specificity it requires hinders the formulation of vague theories. We have implemented a coincidence detector neural network model of selective attention that accounts for the basic pattern of result ...
... modelling offers an appealing approach towards understanding psychological phenomena as the level of specificity it requires hinders the formulation of vague theories. We have implemented a coincidence detector neural network model of selective attention that accounts for the basic pattern of result ...
Chapter 7 The Nervous System - Mrs. heninger
... Nerve fibers that carry impulses away from the central nervous system to organs, muscles, & glands. The impulses “effect” (bring about) a motor response. ...
... Nerve fibers that carry impulses away from the central nervous system to organs, muscles, & glands. The impulses “effect” (bring about) a motor response. ...
Spinal Cord - HCC Learning Web
... Formed by the combination of posterior and anterior roots Arrangement of fibers is similar to muscle fibers in a muscle • Endoneurium – connective tissue that wraps around each nerve fiber • Perineurium – connective tissue that surrounds group of nerve fibers forming a fascicle • Epineurium – connec ...
... Formed by the combination of posterior and anterior roots Arrangement of fibers is similar to muscle fibers in a muscle • Endoneurium – connective tissue that wraps around each nerve fiber • Perineurium – connective tissue that surrounds group of nerve fibers forming a fascicle • Epineurium – connec ...
15-2 Sensory Receptors
... The voluntary response, which is not immediate, can moderate, enhance, or supplement the relatively simple involuntary reflexive response. ...
... The voluntary response, which is not immediate, can moderate, enhance, or supplement the relatively simple involuntary reflexive response. ...
Increased Expression of Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS) in
... activity in DRG was not quantified after axotomy due to the large numbers of these cells and the variations in staining intensity (i.e., intense, moderate, light) (Vizzard et al., 1993a-c. I994a), which would make it difficult to detect changes in staining. Counts of all NADPH-d-positive and NOS-IR ...
... activity in DRG was not quantified after axotomy due to the large numbers of these cells and the variations in staining intensity (i.e., intense, moderate, light) (Vizzard et al., 1993a-c. I994a), which would make it difficult to detect changes in staining. Counts of all NADPH-d-positive and NOS-IR ...
Modulation of Inhibitory Synaptic Potentials in the Piriform Cortex
... helps in understanding the interaction of these modulatory effects. In this model, we assumed that the maximum steady-state activity of excitatory neurons should remain about the same during changes in ACh levels. The pattern of responsiveness of individual neurons does change during cholinergic mod ...
... helps in understanding the interaction of these modulatory effects. In this model, we assumed that the maximum steady-state activity of excitatory neurons should remain about the same during changes in ACh levels. The pattern of responsiveness of individual neurons does change during cholinergic mod ...
Molecular Mechanisms of Appetite Regulation
... the NTS is located in a perfect place for receiving both humoral and neural signals. Meanwhile, the NTS receives extensive neuronal projections from the PVN and vice versa, indicating that there is intimate communication between the hypothalamus and the brainstem. Similarly to hypothalamic neurons, ...
... the NTS is located in a perfect place for receiving both humoral and neural signals. Meanwhile, the NTS receives extensive neuronal projections from the PVN and vice versa, indicating that there is intimate communication between the hypothalamus and the brainstem. Similarly to hypothalamic neurons, ...
Enhanced Modulation of Neuronal Activity during
... GP might regulate eye movements through the nigro-collicular descending circuitry and through the basal ganglia--thalamocortical pathways. Keywords: antisaccade, globus pallidus, inactivation, physiology, primate ...
... GP might regulate eye movements through the nigro-collicular descending circuitry and through the basal ganglia--thalamocortical pathways. Keywords: antisaccade, globus pallidus, inactivation, physiology, primate ...
Diversity and wiring variability of visual local neurons in the
... the segregation of putative dendrites and axons, these local neurons were classified into two families, directional and nondirectional. Neurotransmitter immunostaining suggested a signal routing model in which some visual information is relayed by directional M6LNs from the anterior to the posterior ...
... the segregation of putative dendrites and axons, these local neurons were classified into two families, directional and nondirectional. Neurotransmitter immunostaining suggested a signal routing model in which some visual information is relayed by directional M6LNs from the anterior to the posterior ...
Abstract The cochiear nucleus of the barn owl is composed of two
... spike times are measured with respect to the sine wave period present at the time the spike is detected, not to the one which caused the neuron to respond. The time difference between the activating and measurement sine wave periods corresponds to the neuron’s response latency, which is about 2.5 to ...
... spike times are measured with respect to the sine wave period present at the time the spike is detected, not to the one which caused the neuron to respond. The time difference between the activating and measurement sine wave periods corresponds to the neuron’s response latency, which is about 2.5 to ...
Unit 12 ~ Learning Guide Name
... = interneurons connect sensory neurons to motor neurons within the central nervous system and provide a site for signal integration 5. Identify the similarities and differences between the sensory neuron and motor neuron. (2 marks) = sensory neurons and motor neurons both have myelinated axons and t ...
... = interneurons connect sensory neurons to motor neurons within the central nervous system and provide a site for signal integration 5. Identify the similarities and differences between the sensory neuron and motor neuron. (2 marks) = sensory neurons and motor neurons both have myelinated axons and t ...
BRAIN DYNAMICS AT MULTIPLE SCALES: CAN ONE RECONCILE
... may share statistical and dynamical properties with chaotic systems. During slow-wave sleep or pathological states like epilepsy, correlation dimension measurements display low values, while in awake and attentive subjects, there is no such low dimensionality, and the EEG is more similar to a stocha ...
... may share statistical and dynamical properties with chaotic systems. During slow-wave sleep or pathological states like epilepsy, correlation dimension measurements display low values, while in awake and attentive subjects, there is no such low dimensionality, and the EEG is more similar to a stocha ...
chapt12_lecturenew
... – support and protect the neurons – bind neurons together and form framework for nervous tissue – in fetus, guide migrating neurons to their destination – if mature neuron is not in synaptic contact with another neuron is covered by glial cells • prevents neurons from touching each other • gives pre ...
... – support and protect the neurons – bind neurons together and form framework for nervous tissue – in fetus, guide migrating neurons to their destination – if mature neuron is not in synaptic contact with another neuron is covered by glial cells • prevents neurons from touching each other • gives pre ...
Comparative molecular neuroanatomy of mammalian neocortex
... Unlike inhibitory neurons, there had been few good antibodies to classify the excitatory neurons, which resulted in the comment that “chemical diversity of neurons in the neocortex is mainly a feature of the population of nonpyramidal cells.” (DeFelipe 1993). Such situation is rapidly changing with ...
... Unlike inhibitory neurons, there had been few good antibodies to classify the excitatory neurons, which resulted in the comment that “chemical diversity of neurons in the neocortex is mainly a feature of the population of nonpyramidal cells.” (DeFelipe 1993). Such situation is rapidly changing with ...