What is a membrane potential?
... and 10/19 How do we calculate Vm when many different ions and permeabilities exist? GHK-Equation How do environmental changes affect cellular Vm? Why are patch clamps useful for studying Vm? What are the properties of voltage-gated channels? What is “self-propagation” and why is this property import ...
... and 10/19 How do we calculate Vm when many different ions and permeabilities exist? GHK-Equation How do environmental changes affect cellular Vm? Why are patch clamps useful for studying Vm? What are the properties of voltage-gated channels? What is “self-propagation” and why is this property import ...
lecture 17
... Lysosomal degradation of proteins lysosomes are cellular vesicles containing proteolytic enzymes (e.g., papain-like cysteine protease, serine proteases, aspartic proteinases, etc., which are typically monomeric pH maintained at ~5.5 by proton-pumping ATPase account for 1-15% of cell volume (mo ...
... Lysosomal degradation of proteins lysosomes are cellular vesicles containing proteolytic enzymes (e.g., papain-like cysteine protease, serine proteases, aspartic proteinases, etc., which are typically monomeric pH maintained at ~5.5 by proton-pumping ATPase account for 1-15% of cell volume (mo ...
Transport through the cell membrane
... sodium through the cell membrane. This is called co-transport. The carrier in this instance has as an attachment site for both the sodium ion and the substance. Once they both are attached, the energy gradient of the sodium ion causes both the sodium ion and the other substance to be transported tog ...
... sodium through the cell membrane. This is called co-transport. The carrier in this instance has as an attachment site for both the sodium ion and the substance. Once they both are attached, the energy gradient of the sodium ion causes both the sodium ion and the other substance to be transported tog ...
Photosynthesis Worksheet_Intro
... 3. What are chloroplasts and where are they found? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 4. What are the two main functions of chloroplasts? ___________________________________________ 5. Why do mos ...
... 3. What are chloroplasts and where are they found? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 4. What are the two main functions of chloroplasts? ___________________________________________ 5. Why do mos ...
Lecture 23 – SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION: G
... ATP or adenosine triphosphate What is transported from the intramembrane space into the mitochondrial matrix in exchange for a negatively charged molecule and is an example of electroneutral transport? PYRUVATE or PHOSPHATE or MALATE or -KETOGLUTARATE What is complex IV of the electron transport (re ...
... ATP or adenosine triphosphate What is transported from the intramembrane space into the mitochondrial matrix in exchange for a negatively charged molecule and is an example of electroneutral transport? PYRUVATE or PHOSPHATE or MALATE or -KETOGLUTARATE What is complex IV of the electron transport (re ...
Chapter 5, part A
... phosphorylate ADP to ATP • Substrate level phosphorylation - a transfer of a phosphate group from one molecule to another – 1,3-diphosphoglyceric acid + ADP ATP + 3phosphoglyceric acid ...
... phosphorylate ADP to ATP • Substrate level phosphorylation - a transfer of a phosphate group from one molecule to another – 1,3-diphosphoglyceric acid + ADP ATP + 3phosphoglyceric acid ...
Bioseparation Engineering, Vol 16. Progress in Biotechnology Brochure
... a special research group under the main theme of "Recovery and Recycle of Resources to Protect the Global Environment". The scope of this book is based on the conference, and deals not only with recent advances in bioseparation engineering in a narrow sence, but also the environmental engineering wh ...
... a special research group under the main theme of "Recovery and Recycle of Resources to Protect the Global Environment". The scope of this book is based on the conference, and deals not only with recent advances in bioseparation engineering in a narrow sence, but also the environmental engineering wh ...
protein
... moves the solute across the membrane Some diseases are caused by malfunctions in specific transport systems, for example the kidney disease cystinuria • Cystinuria is caused by mutations in 2 genes that tell ribosomes how to make transport proteins • People with the disease are missing these transpo ...
... moves the solute across the membrane Some diseases are caused by malfunctions in specific transport systems, for example the kidney disease cystinuria • Cystinuria is caused by mutations in 2 genes that tell ribosomes how to make transport proteins • People with the disease are missing these transpo ...
Endocytosis and Exocytosis
... In pinocytosis (literally "cell drinking"), the plasma membrane forms a kind of harbor that pinches off and moves into the cytoplasm as a vesicle. The vesicle carries primarily water and some solutes. ...
... In pinocytosis (literally "cell drinking"), the plasma membrane forms a kind of harbor that pinches off and moves into the cytoplasm as a vesicle. The vesicle carries primarily water and some solutes. ...
V6-SecondaryStructur.. - Chair of Computational Biology
... The overall content of TM proteins in genomes of different complexity is similar. However, eukaryotes have significantly more proteins with > 10 TM helices than all other species. Also, the distribution is different: eukaryotes have more 7 TM proteins (receptors) prokaryotes have more 6TM and 12TM p ...
... The overall content of TM proteins in genomes of different complexity is similar. However, eukaryotes have significantly more proteins with > 10 TM helices than all other species. Also, the distribution is different: eukaryotes have more 7 TM proteins (receptors) prokaryotes have more 6TM and 12TM p ...
Chapter 9: Cellular Respiration
... atmosphere as waste ATP can be used directly to supply energy for the cell High energy electron carriers move into the ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN ...
... atmosphere as waste ATP can be used directly to supply energy for the cell High energy electron carriers move into the ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN ...
BIOLOGICAL OXIDATION
... The uncoupling of proton flow releases the energy of the electrochemical proton gradient as heat. This process is a normal physiological function of brown adipose tissue. Brown adipose tissue gets its color from the high density of mitochondria in the individual adipose cells. Newborn babies contain ...
... The uncoupling of proton flow releases the energy of the electrochemical proton gradient as heat. This process is a normal physiological function of brown adipose tissue. Brown adipose tissue gets its color from the high density of mitochondria in the individual adipose cells. Newborn babies contain ...
uptake of nutrients-2014
... the periplasmic space of gram-negative bacteria (see figure 3.23) or are attached to membrane lipids on the external face of the gram-positive plasma membrane. These binding proteins, which also may participate in chemotaxis (see pp. 66–68), bind the molecule to be transported and then interact with ...
... the periplasmic space of gram-negative bacteria (see figure 3.23) or are attached to membrane lipids on the external face of the gram-positive plasma membrane. These binding proteins, which also may participate in chemotaxis (see pp. 66–68), bind the molecule to be transported and then interact with ...
cellular respiration - wlhs.wlwv.k12.or.us
... of ATP: ● The breakdown of organic molecules is EXERGONIC ● Fermentation is a partial degradation of sugars that occurs without oxygen ● Cellular respiration consumes oxygen and organic molecules and yields ATP ...
... of ATP: ● The breakdown of organic molecules is EXERGONIC ● Fermentation is a partial degradation of sugars that occurs without oxygen ● Cellular respiration consumes oxygen and organic molecules and yields ATP ...
Ch. 7.4: Cellular Respiration
... Found in almost all eukaryotic cells. 2 membranes (inner & outer) Inner membrane highly folded w/ enzymes (ATP synthase) built in. Thick fluid in matrix. ...
... Found in almost all eukaryotic cells. 2 membranes (inner & outer) Inner membrane highly folded w/ enzymes (ATP synthase) built in. Thick fluid in matrix. ...
In vivo chloroplast protein synthesis by the
... difficulties to the investigator over those normally encountered during the isolation and analysis of chlorophytic plant chloroplasts. Initial attempts to identify Olisthodiscus ctDNA coded proteins (Reith & Cattolico, 1985) utilized the technique of Ellis and cc-workers (Ellis, 1977; Ellis et al., ...
... difficulties to the investigator over those normally encountered during the isolation and analysis of chlorophytic plant chloroplasts. Initial attempts to identify Olisthodiscus ctDNA coded proteins (Reith & Cattolico, 1985) utilized the technique of Ellis and cc-workers (Ellis, 1977; Ellis et al., ...
AS Biology FOUNDATION Chapter 4 CELL
... Double layer – BILAYER of phospholipids which can move about by DIFFUSION in their own MONOLAYER Phospholipid tails point inwards forming a NON-POLAR HYDROPHOBIC interior. The phospholipid heads point outwards facing the aqueous (water containing) medium surrounding the membrane. Some phospholipids ...
... Double layer – BILAYER of phospholipids which can move about by DIFFUSION in their own MONOLAYER Phospholipid tails point inwards forming a NON-POLAR HYDROPHOBIC interior. The phospholipid heads point outwards facing the aqueous (water containing) medium surrounding the membrane. Some phospholipids ...
The Phospholipid Bilayer - Advanced
... Cytosol and extracellular fluid - the insides and outsides of the cell - are made up of mostly water. In this watery environment, the water loving heads point out towards the water, and the water fearing tails point inwards, and push the water out. The resulting double layer is called a phospholipid ...
... Cytosol and extracellular fluid - the insides and outsides of the cell - are made up of mostly water. In this watery environment, the water loving heads point out towards the water, and the water fearing tails point inwards, and push the water out. The resulting double layer is called a phospholipid ...
Most bacteria rely on proton motive force as a source of
... for ATP synthesis, solute transport, motility and reverse electron transport. A substantial body of evidence indicates, however, that certain extremophilic bacteria can use Na+ as a coupling ion in an Na+ cycle instead of, or in addition to, the H+ cycle. As in the H+ cycle, a fully operational Na+ ...
... for ATP synthesis, solute transport, motility and reverse electron transport. A substantial body of evidence indicates, however, that certain extremophilic bacteria can use Na+ as a coupling ion in an Na+ cycle instead of, or in addition to, the H+ cycle. As in the H+ cycle, a fully operational Na+ ...
Cellular Respiration
... The Reactions of Photosynthesis • Photosynthesis occurs in 2 stages. – Light dependent Reaction – Light –Independent Reaction (Dark Reaction) ...
... The Reactions of Photosynthesis • Photosynthesis occurs in 2 stages. – Light dependent Reaction – Light –Independent Reaction (Dark Reaction) ...
Concept 2: Analyzing the structure and function of the cell membrane
... You must know: Why membranes are selectively permeable. The role of phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates in membranes. How water will move if a cell is placed in an isotonic, hypertonic, or hypotonic solution. How electrical gradients are formed. ...
... You must know: Why membranes are selectively permeable. The role of phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates in membranes. How water will move if a cell is placed in an isotonic, hypertonic, or hypotonic solution. How electrical gradients are formed. ...
Thylakoid
A thylakoid is a membrane-bound compartment inside chloroplasts and cyanobacteria. They are the site of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. Thylakoids consist of a thylakoid membrane surrounding a thylakoid lumen. Chloroplast thylakoids frequently form stacks of disks referred to as grana (singular: granum). Grana are connected by intergranal or stroma thylakoids, which join granum stacks together as a single functional compartment.