Hyperstiffness
... Loss of Fractionation of Movement • Fractionation is the ability to activate individual muscles independently of other muscles. • Interruption of lateral corticospinal signals prevents fractionation, profoundly affecting the ability to use the hand. ...
... Loss of Fractionation of Movement • Fractionation is the ability to activate individual muscles independently of other muscles. • Interruption of lateral corticospinal signals prevents fractionation, profoundly affecting the ability to use the hand. ...
cranial nerve ix: glossopharyngeal nerve
... 1. General Sensory innervation may include the eardrum itself. These individuals may elicit a gag reflex when cleaning their ears -- due to sensory response from the Vagus! 5. SPECIAL SENSORY (SVA): Maybe a few taste buds carry taste information via the Vagus. CRANIAL NERVE XI: SPINAL ACCESSORY NER ...
... 1. General Sensory innervation may include the eardrum itself. These individuals may elicit a gag reflex when cleaning their ears -- due to sensory response from the Vagus! 5. SPECIAL SENSORY (SVA): Maybe a few taste buds carry taste information via the Vagus. CRANIAL NERVE XI: SPINAL ACCESSORY NER ...
The comparative electrobiology of gelatinous
... trolled in a very different manner. There is no nerve ring. Instead, the rhythm is generated by discrete structures termed marginal ganglia, located around the margin of the bell, and usually associated with a sensory structure, the rhopalium. Signals generated by the marginal ganglia are transmitte ...
... trolled in a very different manner. There is no nerve ring. Instead, the rhythm is generated by discrete structures termed marginal ganglia, located around the margin of the bell, and usually associated with a sensory structure, the rhopalium. Signals generated by the marginal ganglia are transmitte ...
Motor Function_2 - bloodhounds Incorporated
... from all sensory systems, including vision, and direct input from the motor cortex – Functions in the organization of inherited and highly learned and rather automatic movement ...
... from all sensory systems, including vision, and direct input from the motor cortex – Functions in the organization of inherited and highly learned and rather automatic movement ...
The Autonomic Nervous System
... • The axons of neurons #1 leave the spinal cord via the ventral root • These axons pass to the spinal nerve • Axons leave the spinal nerve via the white and gray branches (rami communicates) – Connect with the sympathetic chain ganglia ...
... • The axons of neurons #1 leave the spinal cord via the ventral root • These axons pass to the spinal nerve • Axons leave the spinal nerve via the white and gray branches (rami communicates) – Connect with the sympathetic chain ganglia ...
Sensory systems
... • stimuli arriving through the sensory systems might induce reflexes at the level of the spinal cord, brain stem or cortex • we can become conscious of incoming information, it may be stored in the form of memory and it can evoke emotional reactions • the prerequisite to become aware of a stimulus i ...
... • stimuli arriving through the sensory systems might induce reflexes at the level of the spinal cord, brain stem or cortex • we can become conscious of incoming information, it may be stored in the form of memory and it can evoke emotional reactions • the prerequisite to become aware of a stimulus i ...
THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM AND REFLEX ACTIVITY
... – Muscle spindles detect when a muscle is being stretched and initiate a reflex that resists the stretch – Golgi tendon organs are stimulated when the associated muscle stretches the tendon – Joint kinesthetic receptors monitor the stretch in the articular capsules of synovial joints ...
... – Muscle spindles detect when a muscle is being stretched and initiate a reflex that resists the stretch – Golgi tendon organs are stimulated when the associated muscle stretches the tendon – Joint kinesthetic receptors monitor the stretch in the articular capsules of synovial joints ...
FREE Sample Here
... 2.1-4. _______ are located only within the central nervous system. a. Sensory b. Motor c. Relay interneurons d. Projection neurons e. Schwann cells Difficulty: 2 Question ID: 2.1-4 Page Ref: 28 Topic: Introduction Skill: Factual Answer: c. Relay interneurons Rationale: Relay interneurons are located ...
... 2.1-4. _______ are located only within the central nervous system. a. Sensory b. Motor c. Relay interneurons d. Projection neurons e. Schwann cells Difficulty: 2 Question ID: 2.1-4 Page Ref: 28 Topic: Introduction Skill: Factual Answer: c. Relay interneurons Rationale: Relay interneurons are located ...
Membrane potential synchrony of simultaneously recorded striatal
... medium-sized spiny neurons in the striatum seems to depend on convergent input within these information channels2. To determine the degree of correlated input, both below and at threshold for the generation of action potentials, we recorded intracellularly from pairs of spiny neurons in vivo. Here w ...
... medium-sized spiny neurons in the striatum seems to depend on convergent input within these information channels2. To determine the degree of correlated input, both below and at threshold for the generation of action potentials, we recorded intracellularly from pairs of spiny neurons in vivo. Here w ...
Chapter 3
... Copyright 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction or translation of this work beyond that permitted in section 117 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act without express permission of the copyright owner is unlawful. Request for further information should be addressed to the ...
... Copyright 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction or translation of this work beyond that permitted in section 117 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act without express permission of the copyright owner is unlawful. Request for further information should be addressed to the ...
35 | the nervous system
... contains a specialized structure, the axon hillock that integrates signals from multiple synapses and serves as a junction between the cell body and an axon. An axon is a tube-like structure that propagates the integrated signal to specialized endings called axon terminals. These terminals in turn s ...
... contains a specialized structure, the axon hillock that integrates signals from multiple synapses and serves as a junction between the cell body and an axon. An axon is a tube-like structure that propagates the integrated signal to specialized endings called axon terminals. These terminals in turn s ...
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... 61. During the entire course of events from the start of an action potential until the membrane returns to its resting potential, what is the net movement of ions? A. sodium in, potassium in B. sodium out, potassium out C. sodium in, potassium out D. sodium out, potassium in ...
... 61. During the entire course of events from the start of an action potential until the membrane returns to its resting potential, what is the net movement of ions? A. sodium in, potassium in B. sodium out, potassium out C. sodium in, potassium out D. sodium out, potassium in ...
Senses - Peoria Public Schools
... • respond to mechanical forces proprioceptors –tensions of muscles and tendons baroreceptors – blood pressure stretch receptors – inflation in lungs Photoreceptors • respond to light ...
... • respond to mechanical forces proprioceptors –tensions of muscles and tendons baroreceptors – blood pressure stretch receptors – inflation in lungs Photoreceptors • respond to light ...
Target-cell-specific concentration of a metabotropic glutamate
... transmitters released fro m the same nerve terminal or from terminals of other neurons. The release of glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter, is suppressed by presynaptic auto· receptors'-J. Here we show that a metabotropic glutamate recep· tor (mGluR7) in the rat hippocampus is restricte ...
... transmitters released fro m the same nerve terminal or from terminals of other neurons. The release of glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter, is suppressed by presynaptic auto· receptors'-J. Here we show that a metabotropic glutamate recep· tor (mGluR7) in the rat hippocampus is restricte ...
The Nervous System: Neural Tissue
... Synaptic Communication • Vesicular synapse events • Impulses are conveyed in one direction only • Sequence of events: • An action potential arrives at the presynaptic membrane • This triggers the release of a neurotransmitter from the axon vesicles • The neurotransmitter diffuses across the synapse ...
... Synaptic Communication • Vesicular synapse events • Impulses are conveyed in one direction only • Sequence of events: • An action potential arrives at the presynaptic membrane • This triggers the release of a neurotransmitter from the axon vesicles • The neurotransmitter diffuses across the synapse ...
Chapter 12: Nervous System III: Senses
... B. Sensory Impulses 1. Sensory receptors can be ends of neurons or other kinds of cells located close to them. 2. Stimulation of sensory receptors causes local changes in their membrane potential, generating a graded electric current that reflects the intensity of stimulation. ...
... B. Sensory Impulses 1. Sensory receptors can be ends of neurons or other kinds of cells located close to them. 2. Stimulation of sensory receptors causes local changes in their membrane potential, generating a graded electric current that reflects the intensity of stimulation. ...
NEUROMUSCULAR MONITORING
... • Threshold current : It is the lowest current required to depolarize the most sensitive fibres in a given nerve bundle to elicit a detectable muscle response. • Supramaximal current : It is approximately10-20% higher intensity than the current required to depolarize all fibres in a particular nerv ...
... • Threshold current : It is the lowest current required to depolarize the most sensitive fibres in a given nerve bundle to elicit a detectable muscle response. • Supramaximal current : It is approximately10-20% higher intensity than the current required to depolarize all fibres in a particular nerv ...
Chapter 13 The nervous system Expanding on neurons
... • There is a negative charge of -65mV inside the axon • More Na+ outside than inside • More K+ inside than outside ...
... • There is a negative charge of -65mV inside the axon • More Na+ outside than inside • More K+ inside than outside ...
PNS Terminology
... with a muscle fiber/cell • distance between the bulb and the folded sarcolemma = synaptic cleft • nerve impulse leads to release of a specific neurotransmitter (acetylcholine) •this release will result in activation of the muscle cell and contraction •therefore the NMJ is ALWAYS excitatory •the only ...
... with a muscle fiber/cell • distance between the bulb and the folded sarcolemma = synaptic cleft • nerve impulse leads to release of a specific neurotransmitter (acetylcholine) •this release will result in activation of the muscle cell and contraction •therefore the NMJ is ALWAYS excitatory •the only ...
Sample
... 2.1-37. Myelination of brain nerve axon membranes is accomplished by a. oligodendrocytes. b. microglia. c. astrocytes. d. neurocytes. e. Schwann cells. Difficulty: 1 Question ID: 2.1-37 Page Ref: 37 Topic: Supporting Cells Skill: Factual Answer: a. oligodendrocytes Rationale: Oligodendrocytes form t ...
... 2.1-37. Myelination of brain nerve axon membranes is accomplished by a. oligodendrocytes. b. microglia. c. astrocytes. d. neurocytes. e. Schwann cells. Difficulty: 1 Question ID: 2.1-37 Page Ref: 37 Topic: Supporting Cells Skill: Factual Answer: a. oligodendrocytes Rationale: Oligodendrocytes form t ...
button - TestbankEbook
... 2.1-37. Myelination of brain nerve axon membranes is accomplished by a. oligodendrocytes. b. microglia. c. astrocytes. d. neurocytes. e. Schwann cells. Difficulty: 1 Question ID: 2.1-37 Page Ref: 37 Topic: Supporting Cells Skill: Factual Answer: a. oligodendrocytes Rationale: Oligodendrocytes form t ...
... 2.1-37. Myelination of brain nerve axon membranes is accomplished by a. oligodendrocytes. b. microglia. c. astrocytes. d. neurocytes. e. Schwann cells. Difficulty: 1 Question ID: 2.1-37 Page Ref: 37 Topic: Supporting Cells Skill: Factual Answer: a. oligodendrocytes Rationale: Oligodendrocytes form t ...
32. Sensory organs. organ of smell and taste
... • Are simple, found everywhere and are classified by their stimulus: • Nociceptors – sensitive to pain • Thermoreceptors – respond to heat • Mechanoreceptors–respond to touch/pressure • Chemoreceptors – response to chemicals • Only 1% of the info they provide ever reaches the cerebral cortex (our co ...
... • Are simple, found everywhere and are classified by their stimulus: • Nociceptors – sensitive to pain • Thermoreceptors – respond to heat • Mechanoreceptors–respond to touch/pressure • Chemoreceptors – response to chemicals • Only 1% of the info they provide ever reaches the cerebral cortex (our co ...
End-plate potential
End plate potentials (EPPs) are the depolarizations of skeletal muscle fibers caused by neurotransmitters binding to the postsynaptic membrane in the neuromuscular junction. They are called ""end plates"" because the postsynaptic terminals of muscle fibers have a large, saucer-like appearance. When an action potential reaches the axon terminal of a motor neuron, vesicles carrying neurotransmitters (mostly acetylcholine) are exocytosed and the contents are released into the neuromuscular junction. These neurotransmitters bind to receptors on the postsynaptic membrane and lead to its depolarization. In the absence of an action potential, acetylcholine vesicles spontaneously leak into the neuromuscular junction and cause very small depolarizations in the postsynaptic membrane. This small response (~0.5mV) is called a miniature end plate potential (MEPP) and is generated by one acetylcholine-containing vesicle. It represents the smallest possible depolarization which can be induced in a muscle.