Chapter 11
... 1. Depolarization of Presynaptic Axon Terminal - When an action potential reaches the axon terminal, the influx of Na+ ions causes it to become depolarized 2. Depolarization Opens Voltage-Gated Ca++ Channels - In response the depolarization of the axon terminal, voltage-dependent Ca++ channels on pr ...
... 1. Depolarization of Presynaptic Axon Terminal - When an action potential reaches the axon terminal, the influx of Na+ ions causes it to become depolarized 2. Depolarization Opens Voltage-Gated Ca++ Channels - In response the depolarization of the axon terminal, voltage-dependent Ca++ channels on pr ...
ANPS 019 Beneyto-Santonja 11-07
... skin for touch sensation) o Small receptive fields can discriminate finer sensations o When receptors synapse in spinal cord, many receptors converge; therefore, spinal cord neuron receptive fields are much more complex Adapation – reduction in sensation with repeated stimulation; some receptors a ...
... skin for touch sensation) o Small receptive fields can discriminate finer sensations o When receptors synapse in spinal cord, many receptors converge; therefore, spinal cord neuron receptive fields are much more complex Adapation – reduction in sensation with repeated stimulation; some receptors a ...
![Acetylcholine Acetylcholine IUPAC name[hide] 2-Acetoxy](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/001757659_1-dd3a11ed2d1408ee2f9aa2f256cd3204-300x300.png)
Acetylcholine Acetylcholine IUPAC name[hide] 2-Acetoxy
... activate non-specific cation conductances to directly excite neurons.[7] An effect upon postsynaptic M4muscarinic ACh receptors is to open inward-rectifier potassium ion channel(Kir) and cause inhibition.[8] The influence of acetylcholine on specific neuron types can be dependent upon the duration o ...
... activate non-specific cation conductances to directly excite neurons.[7] An effect upon postsynaptic M4muscarinic ACh receptors is to open inward-rectifier potassium ion channel(Kir) and cause inhibition.[8] The influence of acetylcholine on specific neuron types can be dependent upon the duration o ...
Excitable Cells and Action Potentials
... In order for this process to occur, an active Na+ ion pump must do work breaking down ATP, thus these ion pumps are actually ‘ATPases’. These enzymes are also called Na+,K+-dependent ATPase, or ‘Na+/K+ Pump’. The concentration of Na+ is smaller on the inside of the cell, which is why the ATP is requ ...
... In order for this process to occur, an active Na+ ion pump must do work breaking down ATP, thus these ion pumps are actually ‘ATPases’. These enzymes are also called Na+,K+-dependent ATPase, or ‘Na+/K+ Pump’. The concentration of Na+ is smaller on the inside of the cell, which is why the ATP is requ ...
Chapter Two Line Title Here and Chapter Title Here and Here
... i. Axon terminals secrete neurotransmitters that either excite or inhibit other neurons or effector cells. ii. Axons may have a myelin sheath, a whitish, fatty, segmented covering that protects, insulates, and increases conduction velocity of axons. iii. Myelin sheaths in the PNS are formed by Schwa ...
... i. Axon terminals secrete neurotransmitters that either excite or inhibit other neurons or effector cells. ii. Axons may have a myelin sheath, a whitish, fatty, segmented covering that protects, insulates, and increases conduction velocity of axons. iii. Myelin sheaths in the PNS are formed by Schwa ...
Chapter Two Line Title Here and Chapter Title Here and Here
... i. Axon terminals secrete neurotransmitters that either excite or inhibit other neurons or effector cells. ii. Axons may have a myelin sheath, a whitish, fatty, segmented covering that protects, insulates, and increases conduction velocity of axons. iii. Myelin sheaths in the PNS are formed by Schwa ...
... i. Axon terminals secrete neurotransmitters that either excite or inhibit other neurons or effector cells. ii. Axons may have a myelin sheath, a whitish, fatty, segmented covering that protects, insulates, and increases conduction velocity of axons. iii. Myelin sheaths in the PNS are formed by Schwa ...
Chapter 10
... Motor end plate – 2 ACh bind – opens cation channel – Na+ influx – Membrane depolarized ...
... Motor end plate – 2 ACh bind – opens cation channel – Na+ influx – Membrane depolarized ...
The Nervous System
... 2. Can neuroglia undergo action potentials? 3. The type of cell that carries nerve impulses in the nervous system is the ________________________. 4. The type of cell that nourishes, supports, and influences the activity of the neurons is the ________________. 5. The part of the neuron that brings i ...
... 2. Can neuroglia undergo action potentials? 3. The type of cell that carries nerve impulses in the nervous system is the ________________________. 4. The type of cell that nourishes, supports, and influences the activity of the neurons is the ________________. 5. The part of the neuron that brings i ...
Lecture Outline
... o This represents the movement of far fewer ions than would be required to alter the chemical concentration gradient. ...
... o This represents the movement of far fewer ions than would be required to alter the chemical concentration gradient. ...
Student Guide Chapter 11
... chemicals other than neurotransmitters modify neuronal activity. V. Neurotransmitters and Their Receptors (pp. 414–421; Figs. 11.20–11.21; Table 11.3) A. Neurotransmitters fall into several chemical classes: acetylcholine, the biogenic amines, amino acid derived, peptides, purines, and gases and lip ...
... chemicals other than neurotransmitters modify neuronal activity. V. Neurotransmitters and Their Receptors (pp. 414–421; Figs. 11.20–11.21; Table 11.3) A. Neurotransmitters fall into several chemical classes: acetylcholine, the biogenic amines, amino acid derived, peptides, purines, and gases and lip ...
Nervous System Notes
... negative to positive. Causes neurotransmitters(chemicals) to be released at the terminal, to stimulate the next neuron in the chain. ...
... negative to positive. Causes neurotransmitters(chemicals) to be released at the terminal, to stimulate the next neuron in the chain. ...
Slides - gserianne.com
... resting potential, it has depolarized (Movement of ? charges causes this?) • A membrane returning to its resting potential from a depolarized state is being repolarized (Movement of ? charges causes this?) • If membrane potential becomes more negative than its resting potential, it has hyperpolarize ...
... resting potential, it has depolarized (Movement of ? charges causes this?) • A membrane returning to its resting potential from a depolarized state is being repolarized (Movement of ? charges causes this?) • If membrane potential becomes more negative than its resting potential, it has hyperpolarize ...
Chapter_Twenty_1_
... The enzyme adenylate cyclase transfers the message to a second messenger, a cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP), that acts within the target cell. • Neurotransmitters are synthesized in presynaptic neurons and stored there in vesicles from which they are released when needed. They travel acr ...
... The enzyme adenylate cyclase transfers the message to a second messenger, a cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP), that acts within the target cell. • Neurotransmitters are synthesized in presynaptic neurons and stored there in vesicles from which they are released when needed. They travel acr ...
Lecture12 PPT
... • An action potential is an all-or-none response; that is, it either occurs to its full extent or does not occur at all. ...
... • An action potential is an all-or-none response; that is, it either occurs to its full extent or does not occur at all. ...
Your Name Here______________________________
... 9. The nerve impulse conduction occurring along myelinated nerve fibers is called a. somatic transmission b. visceral conduction c. synaptic transmission d. saltatory conduction 10. A group of neuronal cell bodies (cytons) in the PNS is called a a. nucleus b. tract c. ganglion d. nerve e. nerve fibe ...
... 9. The nerve impulse conduction occurring along myelinated nerve fibers is called a. somatic transmission b. visceral conduction c. synaptic transmission d. saltatory conduction 10. A group of neuronal cell bodies (cytons) in the PNS is called a a. nucleus b. tract c. ganglion d. nerve e. nerve fibe ...
chapter3Weiten
... Electrically charged particles (ions) Neuron at rest – negative charge on inside compared to outside -70 millivolts – resting potential ...
... Electrically charged particles (ions) Neuron at rest – negative charge on inside compared to outside -70 millivolts – resting potential ...
Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling
... o This represents the movement of far fewer ions than would be required to alter the chemical concentration gradient. ...
... o This represents the movement of far fewer ions than would be required to alter the chemical concentration gradient. ...
The Biological Bases of Behavior
... – Electrically charged particles (ions) – Neuron at rest – negative charge on inside compared to outside – -70 millivolts – resting potential ...
... – Electrically charged particles (ions) – Neuron at rest – negative charge on inside compared to outside – -70 millivolts – resting potential ...
Nervous System - Academic Computer Center
... Neurotransmitter effects are terminated in three ways: degradation by enzymes from the postsynaptic cell or within the synaptic cleft; reuptake by astrocytes or the presynaptic cell; or diffusion away from the synapse. ...
... Neurotransmitter effects are terminated in three ways: degradation by enzymes from the postsynaptic cell or within the synaptic cleft; reuptake by astrocytes or the presynaptic cell; or diffusion away from the synapse. ...
LESSON 3.3 WORKBOOK
... We can see this circuit in action when we bang our elbow or stub our toe, and then immediately go to rub it. By rubbing the painful area we’re applying pressure that will activate our pressure-sensitive neurons. These neurons will then communicate with the projection neurons in the spinal cord and i ...
... We can see this circuit in action when we bang our elbow or stub our toe, and then immediately go to rub it. By rubbing the painful area we’re applying pressure that will activate our pressure-sensitive neurons. These neurons will then communicate with the projection neurons in the spinal cord and i ...
Chapter 8
... Two overlapping graded depolarizations demonstrate temporal summation. Distinct actions of stimulating neurons A and B demonstrate spatial summation. A and B are stimulated enough to cause a suprathreshold graded depolarization, so an action potential results. Neuron C causes a graded hyperpolarizat ...
... Two overlapping graded depolarizations demonstrate temporal summation. Distinct actions of stimulating neurons A and B demonstrate spatial summation. A and B are stimulated enough to cause a suprathreshold graded depolarization, so an action potential results. Neuron C causes a graded hyperpolarizat ...
a14a NeuroPhysI
... Threshold stimulus—strong enough to push the membrane potential toward and beyond threshold (Membrane is depolarized by 15 to 20 mV) AP is an all-or-none phenomenon—action potentials either happen completely, or not at all All action potentials are alike and are independent of stimulus intensi ...
... Threshold stimulus—strong enough to push the membrane potential toward and beyond threshold (Membrane is depolarized by 15 to 20 mV) AP is an all-or-none phenomenon—action potentials either happen completely, or not at all All action potentials are alike and are independent of stimulus intensi ...
Stochastic fluctuations of the synaptic function
... synapses produced quantal Excitatory PostSynaptic Currents (EPSCs) with peak amplitudes having a 5-65 pA range. The histogram of the peak amplitudes showed a long right tail. If the variability of the postsynaptic response observed in hippocampal neurons should be extended to all the neurons of brai ...
... synapses produced quantal Excitatory PostSynaptic Currents (EPSCs) with peak amplitudes having a 5-65 pA range. The histogram of the peak amplitudes showed a long right tail. If the variability of the postsynaptic response observed in hippocampal neurons should be extended to all the neurons of brai ...
Chapter 2: Neuroscience
... Consider MS – the myelin sheath breaks down and results in slow communication to the muscles. ...
... Consider MS – the myelin sheath breaks down and results in slow communication to the muscles. ...
No Slide Title
... - Chemicals from other neurons - Chemicals from endocrine glands - Chemicals from outside sources (e.g., Drugs) ...
... - Chemicals from other neurons - Chemicals from endocrine glands - Chemicals from outside sources (e.g., Drugs) ...
End-plate potential
End plate potentials (EPPs) are the depolarizations of skeletal muscle fibers caused by neurotransmitters binding to the postsynaptic membrane in the neuromuscular junction. They are called ""end plates"" because the postsynaptic terminals of muscle fibers have a large, saucer-like appearance. When an action potential reaches the axon terminal of a motor neuron, vesicles carrying neurotransmitters (mostly acetylcholine) are exocytosed and the contents are released into the neuromuscular junction. These neurotransmitters bind to receptors on the postsynaptic membrane and lead to its depolarization. In the absence of an action potential, acetylcholine vesicles spontaneously leak into the neuromuscular junction and cause very small depolarizations in the postsynaptic membrane. This small response (~0.5mV) is called a miniature end plate potential (MEPP) and is generated by one acetylcholine-containing vesicle. It represents the smallest possible depolarization which can be induced in a muscle.