Biology Notes: The Nervous System and Neurons
... • When? _____________________________________________________________________________________ • Where? Located in the cell membrane • Why? _______________________________________________________________________________________ • How? ___________________________________ (REQUIRES _______________) ...
... • When? _____________________________________________________________________________________ • Where? Located in the cell membrane • Why? _______________________________________________________________________________________ • How? ___________________________________ (REQUIRES _______________) ...
File
... another stimulus; when an axon is recovering from an action potential and voltagegated Na+ ion channels are tightly shut and cannot be stimulated to open • Threshold Potential : the value at which an action potential can be generated; when the membrane potential difference is -60mV to -50mv. ...
... another stimulus; when an axon is recovering from an action potential and voltagegated Na+ ion channels are tightly shut and cannot be stimulated to open • Threshold Potential : the value at which an action potential can be generated; when the membrane potential difference is -60mV to -50mv. ...
The Brain and the Neuron (1)
... does not. • Resting potential: Water in the toilet is waiting to fire. • Threshold: Toilet will only flush correctly once you push it past a critical point. ...
... does not. • Resting potential: Water in the toilet is waiting to fire. • Threshold: Toilet will only flush correctly once you push it past a critical point. ...
Document
... gradients to create ION GRADIENTS batteries Pumps are driven by energy from ATP hydrolysis ELECTRICAL CURRENTS are generated by the opening of ION-SELECTIVE CHANNELS, allowing flow of current as ions down their concentration and electrical potential gradients ...
... gradients to create ION GRADIENTS batteries Pumps are driven by energy from ATP hydrolysis ELECTRICAL CURRENTS are generated by the opening of ION-SELECTIVE CHANNELS, allowing flow of current as ions down their concentration and electrical potential gradients ...
PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT SCHOOL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION BSc Counselling Psychology
... 95. To complete synaptic transmission, the neurotransmitters attach to receptor molecules embedded in the __________________ . a. Presynaptic membrane c. Cell membrane b. Postsynaptic membrane d. Synaptic vesicles 96. An action potential begins when the excitatory inputs are sufficiently strong with ...
... 95. To complete synaptic transmission, the neurotransmitters attach to receptor molecules embedded in the __________________ . a. Presynaptic membrane c. Cell membrane b. Postsynaptic membrane d. Synaptic vesicles 96. An action potential begins when the excitatory inputs are sufficiently strong with ...
chapter38
... to a stimulus. A stimulus has to be of enough strength to cause an action potential to occur. The critical point at which a stimulus causes an action potential is called the threshold. ...
... to a stimulus. A stimulus has to be of enough strength to cause an action potential to occur. The critical point at which a stimulus causes an action potential is called the threshold. ...
PPT
... The human brain consists of two hemispheres that are more or less mirror images of each other in terms of their physical shape. Functionally, however, there are some symmetries but also asymmetries. Symmetries exist in the processing of low-level sensory input and motor control, where the left hemis ...
... The human brain consists of two hemispheres that are more or less mirror images of each other in terms of their physical shape. Functionally, however, there are some symmetries but also asymmetries. Symmetries exist in the processing of low-level sensory input and motor control, where the left hemis ...
Time Zones
... 5. One word to describe all of a human’s cell nuclei (in regards to genetics)? 6. These long threads make a chromosome. Genes are found in segments of them! 7. This is the mechanism that allows evolution to occur. It involves variety and adaptation! 8. This is the process where left over neurotransm ...
... 5. One word to describe all of a human’s cell nuclei (in regards to genetics)? 6. These long threads make a chromosome. Genes are found in segments of them! 7. This is the mechanism that allows evolution to occur. It involves variety and adaptation! 8. This is the process where left over neurotransm ...
AP Biology Animal Form and Function
... In most animals, the synapse between two neurons are traversed by chemicals in the following steps: 1. Calcium (Ca2+) gates open. When an action potential reaches the end of an axon, the depolarization of the membrane causes gated channels to open and allows Ca2+ to enter the cell 2. Synaptic vesicl ...
... In most animals, the synapse between two neurons are traversed by chemicals in the following steps: 1. Calcium (Ca2+) gates open. When an action potential reaches the end of an axon, the depolarization of the membrane causes gated channels to open and allows Ca2+ to enter the cell 2. Synaptic vesicl ...
Dear Notetaker:
... Know the parts of the action potential o Na and K voltage gated channels -> when they are opened and closed o K = one gate, Na = two gates (activation and inactivation) o Refractory periods Absolute -> no action potential possible Relative -> could happen with a stronger stimulus because further ...
... Know the parts of the action potential o Na and K voltage gated channels -> when they are opened and closed o K = one gate, Na = two gates (activation and inactivation) o Refractory periods Absolute -> no action potential possible Relative -> could happen with a stronger stimulus because further ...
2014 chemical signal..
... between two neurons to change in strength including changes in the quantity of neurotransmitter released into a synapse and changes in how effectively cells respond to those neurotransmitter -Since ...
... between two neurons to change in strength including changes in the quantity of neurotransmitter released into a synapse and changes in how effectively cells respond to those neurotransmitter -Since ...
Unit 2 The Brain
... Question 5 • If an axon of a neuron is covered with myelin, which of the following is TRUE? – A. the action potential will move much slower down the axon – B. The action potential will move much faster down the axon – C. The neuron must be a sensory neuron – D. The threshold of excitation will incr ...
... Question 5 • If an axon of a neuron is covered with myelin, which of the following is TRUE? – A. the action potential will move much slower down the axon – B. The action potential will move much faster down the axon – C. The neuron must be a sensory neuron – D. The threshold of excitation will incr ...
CPB748_JK Nervous
... their dendrites and cell body – A single EPSP is usually too small to trigger an action potential in a postsynaptic neuron Terminal branch of presynaptic neuron ...
... their dendrites and cell body – A single EPSP is usually too small to trigger an action potential in a postsynaptic neuron Terminal branch of presynaptic neuron ...
Exam #2 Review Answers - Iowa State University
... Supplemental Instruction Iowa State University 1. The chemical produced in a cell that activates cell enzymes, producing a response to a signal outside the cell is known as the a. Ligand b. Primary messenger c. Secondary messenger d. Protein kinase 2. Which of the following best describes the type o ...
... Supplemental Instruction Iowa State University 1. The chemical produced in a cell that activates cell enzymes, producing a response to a signal outside the cell is known as the a. Ligand b. Primary messenger c. Secondary messenger d. Protein kinase 2. Which of the following best describes the type o ...
Name Nervous System Questions 1. When a neuron is at its resting
... E. there are more potassium ions inside the neuron than outside. 2. Which of the following events is the first to occur during an action potential? A. Sodium ions flow into the neuron, making the inside of the neuron positively charged relative to the outside. B. Sodium channels close. C. Potassium ...
... E. there are more potassium ions inside the neuron than outside. 2. Which of the following events is the first to occur during an action potential? A. Sodium ions flow into the neuron, making the inside of the neuron positively charged relative to the outside. B. Sodium channels close. C. Potassium ...
08. Invol.muscle
... - unitary smooth muscle (visceral smooth muscle) is a sheet-like population of fibers (ppt. 2); nerve supply less discrete, but stimuli pass readily throughout population by means of gap junctions; contractions are slower, more sustained (often hours in duration = tonic contractions); found in tubul ...
... - unitary smooth muscle (visceral smooth muscle) is a sheet-like population of fibers (ppt. 2); nerve supply less discrete, but stimuli pass readily throughout population by means of gap junctions; contractions are slower, more sustained (often hours in duration = tonic contractions); found in tubul ...
Shier, Butler, and Lewis: Hole`s Human Anatomy and Physiology
... 6. The synaptic knobs of axons contain sacs called synaptic vesicles. 7. Synaptic vesicles contain neurotransmitters. 8. When a nerve impulse reaches a synaptic knob, calcium diffuses inward from the extracellular fluid. 9. The calcium inside the synaptic knob initiates a series of events that caus ...
... 6. The synaptic knobs of axons contain sacs called synaptic vesicles. 7. Synaptic vesicles contain neurotransmitters. 8. When a nerve impulse reaches a synaptic knob, calcium diffuses inward from the extracellular fluid. 9. The calcium inside the synaptic knob initiates a series of events that caus ...
Lecture 2 Membrane Transport Membrane Transport Unassisted
... receptors can produce different responses • Norepinephrine Æ varied responses ...
... receptors can produce different responses • Norepinephrine Æ varied responses ...
We have seen how the Nervous System plays an important role in
... This needs A LOT of help. Good diagrams are a must for this topic!!! I’m not sure if this is too specific and needs to be more general, or if it is too general and needs to be more specific???????? We have seen how the nervous system plays an important role in reaction time, stability and balance, h ...
... This needs A LOT of help. Good diagrams are a must for this topic!!! I’m not sure if this is too specific and needs to be more general, or if it is too general and needs to be more specific???????? We have seen how the nervous system plays an important role in reaction time, stability and balance, h ...
Supporting Cells - Net Start Class
... Some of the sodium channels open and Na+ rushes into the cell causing the cytoplasm to become less negative. This is known as depolarization. If enough depolarization occurs then the cell will reach a threshold potential and additional Na+ will open. If the threshold potential is reached the ...
... Some of the sodium channels open and Na+ rushes into the cell causing the cytoplasm to become less negative. This is known as depolarization. If enough depolarization occurs then the cell will reach a threshold potential and additional Na+ will open. If the threshold potential is reached the ...
Membrane Transport
... Specialized membrane proteins transport molecules across membranes • Simple diffusion – Species of molecule limited by membrane physics – Rate is slow and linearly related to concentration gradient ...
... Specialized membrane proteins transport molecules across membranes • Simple diffusion – Species of molecule limited by membrane physics – Rate is slow and linearly related to concentration gradient ...
List of vocabulary used in understanding the nervous
... appetite center, an example of negative feedback. When fat reserves diminish, the concentration of leptin decreases, a phenomenon that in turn causes the appetite center in the brain to start the hunger stimulus and activate the urge to eat. Transmission of nerve impulses involves an electrochemical ...
... appetite center, an example of negative feedback. When fat reserves diminish, the concentration of leptin decreases, a phenomenon that in turn causes the appetite center in the brain to start the hunger stimulus and activate the urge to eat. Transmission of nerve impulses involves an electrochemical ...
End-plate potential
End plate potentials (EPPs) are the depolarizations of skeletal muscle fibers caused by neurotransmitters binding to the postsynaptic membrane in the neuromuscular junction. They are called ""end plates"" because the postsynaptic terminals of muscle fibers have a large, saucer-like appearance. When an action potential reaches the axon terminal of a motor neuron, vesicles carrying neurotransmitters (mostly acetylcholine) are exocytosed and the contents are released into the neuromuscular junction. These neurotransmitters bind to receptors on the postsynaptic membrane and lead to its depolarization. In the absence of an action potential, acetylcholine vesicles spontaneously leak into the neuromuscular junction and cause very small depolarizations in the postsynaptic membrane. This small response (~0.5mV) is called a miniature end plate potential (MEPP) and is generated by one acetylcholine-containing vesicle. It represents the smallest possible depolarization which can be induced in a muscle.