Chapter 9
... Volcanoes Types of volcanoes • Composite cone (or stratovolcano) • Often produce nuée ardente • Fiery pyroclastic flow made of hot gases infused with ash • Flows down sides of a volcano at speeds up to 200 km (125 miles) per hour • May produce a lahar - volcanic mudflow ...
... Volcanoes Types of volcanoes • Composite cone (or stratovolcano) • Often produce nuée ardente • Fiery pyroclastic flow made of hot gases infused with ash • Flows down sides of a volcano at speeds up to 200 km (125 miles) per hour • May produce a lahar - volcanic mudflow ...
Oceanic Crust
... *Look like shields with their gentle sloping sides *Slopes are caused by eruptions Eruptions usually have fluid lava which flows from it. *Lava flows not only from the top but also from the cracks in the ground. *Slow to erupt so usually animals and people have enough time to escape. *Some of the la ...
... *Look like shields with their gentle sloping sides *Slopes are caused by eruptions Eruptions usually have fluid lava which flows from it. *Lava flows not only from the top but also from the cracks in the ground. *Slow to erupt so usually animals and people have enough time to escape. *Some of the la ...
Cinder cones
... fills a hollow or cavern. The form the surface takes when pushed up from underneath by magma (called a laccolithic dome) BATHOLITH: Larger version of a laccolith. When so much magma has intruded that the ...
... fills a hollow or cavern. The form the surface takes when pushed up from underneath by magma (called a laccolithic dome) BATHOLITH: Larger version of a laccolith. When so much magma has intruded that the ...
9. Volcanoes - Andrew.cmu.edu
... a single underlying feature. The eruption frequency has varied over earth’s history. There have been periods of high activity and also of low activity. Yellowstone Park is a huge plateau built up by three cycles of volcanic activity. These presumably lasted only days to weeks, but occurred in the pa ...
... a single underlying feature. The eruption frequency has varied over earth’s history. There have been periods of high activity and also of low activity. Yellowstone Park is a huge plateau built up by three cycles of volcanic activity. These presumably lasted only days to weeks, but occurred in the pa ...
Notes for plate tectonics unit
... 1. Primary (P): The first to arrive (the fastest). They compress and expand like a Slinky. 2. Secondary (S): They come after primary waves. They move from side to side and up and down. S waves, unlike P waves, can not travel through liquids. 3. Surface waves: P or S waves that have reached the surfa ...
... 1. Primary (P): The first to arrive (the fastest). They compress and expand like a Slinky. 2. Secondary (S): They come after primary waves. They move from side to side and up and down. S waves, unlike P waves, can not travel through liquids. 3. Surface waves: P or S waves that have reached the surfa ...
Tectonic activity – The essentials
... The oceanic plate is denser than the continental plate so, as they move together, the oceanic plate is forced underneath the continental plate. The point at which this happens is called the subduction zone. As the oceanic plate is forced below the continental plate it melts to form magma. The magma ...
... The oceanic plate is denser than the continental plate so, as they move together, the oceanic plate is forced underneath the continental plate. The point at which this happens is called the subduction zone. As the oceanic plate is forced below the continental plate it melts to form magma. The magma ...
Hot Spots and Plate Movement exercise
... Part 1. Hawaiian Island Chain Load the PangaeaBreakup.kml file in Google Earth. Make sure the time period in the upper right of the screen says “0 Ma” and then select “Hot Spot Volcanos” under “Features” in the Places menu on the left of the screen. Rotate the globe until you see a string of volcano ...
... Part 1. Hawaiian Island Chain Load the PangaeaBreakup.kml file in Google Earth. Make sure the time period in the upper right of the screen says “0 Ma” and then select “Hot Spot Volcanos” under “Features” in the Places menu on the left of the screen. Rotate the globe until you see a string of volcano ...
Plate Tectonics Review
... • Ocean trench: when 2 plates of different density collide, the denser plate pulls the leading edge of the less dense plate • Continental shelf: flat areas that extend from the shoreline and drop off at the trench • Continental slope: the steep drop off from the shelf into the trench • Benioff zone: ...
... • Ocean trench: when 2 plates of different density collide, the denser plate pulls the leading edge of the less dense plate • Continental shelf: flat areas that extend from the shoreline and drop off at the trench • Continental slope: the steep drop off from the shelf into the trench • Benioff zone: ...
Name: Plate Tectonics Test Date:______ Completion
... a. P-Waves, Then S-Waves, Then Surface Waves b. S-Waves, Then P-Waves, Then Surface Waves c. S-Waves, Then Surface Waves, Then P-Waves d. Surface Waves, Then P-Waves, Then S-Waves ...
... a. P-Waves, Then S-Waves, Then Surface Waves b. S-Waves, Then P-Waves, Then Surface Waves c. S-Waves, Then Surface Waves, Then P-Waves d. Surface Waves, Then P-Waves, Then S-Waves ...
Volcano-tectonic Earthquakes during the Stage of Magma
... At Sakurajima volcano, activity of volcano-tectonic (VT) earthquakes has gradually increased since ,**,, as the inflation of the Aira caldera progressed since +33-. In particular, VT earthquakes SW o# the volcano and in the caldera swarmed during November ,**-ῌFebruary ,**., and then a baseline of GP ...
... At Sakurajima volcano, activity of volcano-tectonic (VT) earthquakes has gradually increased since ,**,, as the inflation of the Aira caldera progressed since +33-. In particular, VT earthquakes SW o# the volcano and in the caldera swarmed during November ,**-ῌFebruary ,**., and then a baseline of GP ...
Kelsea
... Dear, Mr. President, Based on a project we have been working on it appears that most of the earthquakes that are occurring are in North America around Alaska and in the Pacific Ocean. The earthquakes are occurring mostly along the Juan De Fuca Plate, the North American Plate, and the Cocos Plate. Ea ...
... Dear, Mr. President, Based on a project we have been working on it appears that most of the earthquakes that are occurring are in North America around Alaska and in the Pacific Ocean. The earthquakes are occurring mostly along the Juan De Fuca Plate, the North American Plate, and the Cocos Plate. Ea ...
TOPIC WORD DEFINITION Volcanoes aftershock An earthquake
... The expulsion of ash, cinders, bombs, and gases, during an explosive volcanic eruption. A scale that rates an earthquake’s magnitude based on the size of its seismic waves. A deep valley that forms ...
... The expulsion of ash, cinders, bombs, and gases, during an explosive volcanic eruption. A scale that rates an earthquake’s magnitude based on the size of its seismic waves. A deep valley that forms ...
Volcanoes occur where underground molten rock erupts at
... USA, 640 thousand years ago) and as much as 10,000 km3 for individual lava flows (e.g., the Roza lava flow in the northwestern USA, 7 million years ago). Fortunately, larger-volume eruptions are less frequent than smaller ones. Among historical effusions, lava flows of about 10 million m3 have occur ...
... USA, 640 thousand years ago) and as much as 10,000 km3 for individual lava flows (e.g., the Roza lava flow in the northwestern USA, 7 million years ago). Fortunately, larger-volume eruptions are less frequent than smaller ones. Among historical effusions, lava flows of about 10 million m3 have occur ...
Review Questions, Chapter 7, 12th Ed.
... between the North American and Pacific plates. The crustal sliver composed of westernmost California and the Baja California peninsula on the eastern edge of the Pacific plate is moving northwestward with respect to North America. Iceland: Iceland and nearby smaller islands constitute a major zone o ...
... between the North American and Pacific plates. The crustal sliver composed of westernmost California and the Baja California peninsula on the eastern edge of the Pacific plate is moving northwestward with respect to North America. Iceland: Iceland and nearby smaller islands constitute a major zone o ...
A Living Planet Internal Forces Shaping the Earth
... Bellringer! • 1. Can you describe the “Ring of Fire” in ten words or less? • 2. What other than an earthquake could cause a seismic event? ...
... Bellringer! • 1. Can you describe the “Ring of Fire” in ten words or less? • 2. What other than an earthquake could cause a seismic event? ...
Unit 3 Vocabulary
... Subduction – sinking of a denser plate below a more buoyant plate at a convergent plate boundary Transform plate boundary – where two plates slide by each other Fault zone - area of many fractured pieces of crust along a large fault Ocean trench - deep, underwater trough created by one plate subduct ...
... Subduction – sinking of a denser plate below a more buoyant plate at a convergent plate boundary Transform plate boundary – where two plates slide by each other Fault zone - area of many fractured pieces of crust along a large fault Ocean trench - deep, underwater trough created by one plate subduct ...
Restless World - ARK Elvin Academy
... Farming: Most farms are located on the sunnier and warmer south-facing slopes. The traditional pattern of farming is a type of dairy farming called transhumance. This is where animals are moved according to the season. In the summer cattle are taken up to the high alp to graze which allows hay and ...
... Farming: Most farms are located on the sunnier and warmer south-facing slopes. The traditional pattern of farming is a type of dairy farming called transhumance. This is where animals are moved according to the season. In the summer cattle are taken up to the high alp to graze which allows hay and ...
Plate Boundaries
... When the Earth’s magnetic field reverses, the magnetic material in the new rock points toward the new North Pole. As the sea floor spreads away from a mid-ocean ridge, it carries with it a record of magnetic reversals. ...
... When the Earth’s magnetic field reverses, the magnetic material in the new rock points toward the new North Pole. As the sea floor spreads away from a mid-ocean ridge, it carries with it a record of magnetic reversals. ...
EQT Study Guide
... 66. Strato-volcanoes, the most common, which are made from explosive eruptions of pyroclastic material followed by quiet flows of lava, are also called ______________ volcanoes. 67. Most volcanoes form along __________________ ______________ boundaries. 68. A funnel shaped pit that is found at the ...
... 66. Strato-volcanoes, the most common, which are made from explosive eruptions of pyroclastic material followed by quiet flows of lava, are also called ______________ volcanoes. 67. Most volcanoes form along __________________ ______________ boundaries. 68. A funnel shaped pit that is found at the ...
A SHORT NOTE ON : BASIC BEHAVIOR OF THE MOUNT
... Halmahera Island. Figure 2 presents the subduction zone model between Sngihe arc and Halmahera arc based on earthquake hypocenter distribution as presented in Figure 1. Regarding the position of Gamalama in this tectonic setting, it is hypothesized that if the volcano pocket (chamber) is full of mag ...
... Halmahera Island. Figure 2 presents the subduction zone model between Sngihe arc and Halmahera arc based on earthquake hypocenter distribution as presented in Figure 1. Regarding the position of Gamalama in this tectonic setting, it is hypothesized that if the volcano pocket (chamber) is full of mag ...
Shield Volcanos
... - named after eruption of Vesuvius observed by Pliny the Younger - most powerful eruption type ...
... - named after eruption of Vesuvius observed by Pliny the Younger - most powerful eruption type ...
Volcanoes and Igneous Activity Earth
... Types of volcanoes • Composite cone (or stratovolcano) • Often produce nuée ardente • Fiery pyroclastic flow made of hot gases infused with ash • Flows down sides of a volcano at speeds up to 200 km (125 miles) per hour • May produce a lahar – volcanic mudflow ...
... Types of volcanoes • Composite cone (or stratovolcano) • Often produce nuée ardente • Fiery pyroclastic flow made of hot gases infused with ash • Flows down sides of a volcano at speeds up to 200 km (125 miles) per hour • May produce a lahar – volcanic mudflow ...
Ring of Fire
The Ring of Fire is an area in the basin of the Pacific Ocean where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur. In a 40,000 km (25,000 mi) horseshoe shape, it is associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches, volcanic arcs, and volcanic belts and/or plate movements. It has 452 volcanoes and is home to over 75% of the world's active and dormant volcanoes. The Ring of Fire is sometimes called the circum-Pacific belt.About 90% of the world's earthquakes and 81% of the world's largest earthquakes occur along the Ring of Fire. The next most seismically active region (5–6% of earthquakes and 17% of the world's largest earthquakes) is the Alpide belt, which extends from Java to the northern Atlantic Ocean via the Himalayas and southern Europe.All but 3 of the world's 25 largest volcanic eruptions of the last 11,700 years occurred at volcanoes in the Ring of Fire.The Ring of Fire is a direct result of plate tectonics and the movement and collisions of lithospheric plates. The eastern section of the ring is the result of the Nazca Plate and the Cocos Plate being subducted beneath the westward moving South American Plate. The Cocos Plate is being subducted beneath the Caribbean Plate, in Central America. A portion of the Pacific Plate along with the small Juan de Fuca Plate are being subducted beneath the North American Plate. Along the northern portion, the northwestward-moving Pacific plate is being subducted beneath the Aleutian Islands arc. Farther west, the Pacific plate is being subducted along the Kamchatka Peninsula arcs on south past Japan. The southern portion is more complex, with a number of smaller tectonic plates in collision with the Pacific plate from the Mariana Islands, the Philippines, Bougainville, Tonga, and New Zealand; this portion excludes Australia, since it lies in the center of its tectonic plate. Indonesia lies between the Ring of Fire along the northeastern islands adjacent to and including New Guinea and the Alpide belt along the south and west from Sumatra, Java, Bali, Flores, and Timor. The famous and very active San Andreas Fault zone of California is a transform fault which offsets a portion of the East Pacific Rise under southwestern United States and Mexico. The motion of the fault generates numerous small earthquakes, at multiple times a day, most of which are too small to be felt. The active Queen Charlotte Fault on the west coast of the Haida Gwaii, British Columbia, Canada, has generated three large earthquakes during the 20th century: a magnitude 7 event in 1929; a magnitude 8.1 in 1949 (Canada's largest recorded earthquake); and a magnitude 7.4 in 1970.