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11 – Drugs for Osteoporosis and Paget`s Disease
11 – Drugs for Osteoporosis and Paget`s Disease

... o Rational design based on binding to receptor – cpu modeling o Chem. Modification of known molecule o Screening natural products, chemicals, peptides, na’s etc.  Define activity and selectivity of drug  Establish and confirm MOA  Define Pharm. Profile  Molecular – activity on target, receptor b ...
Hallucinogens: LSD, Peyote, Psilocybin, and PCP - ncadd-sfv
Hallucinogens: LSD, Peyote, Psilocybin, and PCP - ncadd-sfv

... Psilocybin, and PCP Hallucinogenic compounds in the form of, or extracted from, plants and mushrooms have been used for centuries, mostly in religious rituals. Almost all hallucinogens contain nitrogen and are classified as alkaloids. Many hallucinogens have chemical structures similar to those of n ...
Bulletin #94
Bulletin #94

... valganciclovir HCl, tablet, 450mg (Valcyte-HLR) For treatment of retinitis arising from CMV infection in patients with HIV infection. Effective April 1, 2003 the following product will be covered under the same Exception Drug Status criteria as the currently listed forms/strengths. efavirenz, tablet ...
Yale scientists explain how ketamine vanquishes depression within
Yale scientists explain how ketamine vanquishes depression within

... time, Sanacora said. On the other hand, he said, if glutamate-altering drugs are shown to be effective, "they could be available fairly quickly. We could be looking at a new class of drugs in the next five years." Chasing Glutamate In Alcoholism, Suicidal Behavior Ketamine also has drawn interest fr ...
Large-Scale Elucidation of Drug Response Pathways in Humans
Large-Scale Elucidation of Drug Response Pathways in Humans

... We highlight several of these predictions: Zuclopenthixol, an antipsychotic drug, is predicted to cause priapism, a persistent, usually painful erection. Several reports indeed observed this side effect in patients taking this drug (Fishbain, 1985; Kihl et al., 1980; Salado et al., 2002; Van Hemert ...
Stability testing protocols according to ICH guideline
Stability testing protocols according to ICH guideline

... established specifications to maintain its identity, strength, quality, and purity throughout the retest or expiration dating periods (1). Physical, chemical, and microbiological data are generated as a function of time and storage conditions (e.g., temperature and relative humidity [RH]). Stability ...
A Practical Approach to Discontinuing NSAID Therapy Prior to a
A Practical Approach to Discontinuing NSAID Therapy Prior to a

... pharmacokinetics and increase bleeding risk. Clinicians should examine this information, combined with the inherent bleeding risk associated with each specific type of surgery, before making recommendations about discontinuation (Table 2). Renal or hepatic dysfunction can affect bleeding risk, which ...
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF ANGIOTENSIN –ll RECEPTOR
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF ANGIOTENSIN –ll RECEPTOR

... Simple, sensitive, rapid and accurate spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of losartan and irbesartan in pure and pharmaceutical preparation. The method is based on the formation of ion-association complex of drug with orange-G in acidic buffer followed by its extractio ...
heroin - DrugAbuse.com
heroin - DrugAbuse.com

... 100X ...
Prescription Drugs: Abuse and Addiction
Prescription Drugs: Abuse and Addiction

... The dramatic increases in stimulant prescriptions over the last 2 decades have led to their greater environmental availability and increased risk for diversion and abuse. For those who take these medications to improve properly diagnosed conditions, they can be transforming, greatly enhancing a pers ...
Abstract - Earth Journals publisher
Abstract - Earth Journals publisher

... injections. Intra-day precision was determined by analysis of the solution three times on the same day. Inter-day precision was assessed by analysis of the solution on three different days over a period of one week. Repeatability of sample injections was performed by injecting same concentration of ...
Vitamins, Supplements and Medication Safety
Vitamins, Supplements and Medication Safety

... • Community or National drug “take back” days • Check with local pharmacies, police stations and fire stations • If not available, follow these instructions: 1. Remove from container 2. Mix with undesirable substance such as coffee ground or kitty litter 3. Place mixture in sealable bag or empty can ...
karnataka, bengaluru
karnataka, bengaluru

... all 5 formulations were within the acceptance limits. But in the in-vitro dissolution study, formulations 1, 2, and 5 demonstrated better cumulative drug release than formulations 3 and 4. However, cumulative drug release of formulation 5 was comparable with innovator than formulations 1 and 2. Hen ...
Document
Document

... with it. It can be used for a new specific purpose or even be redesigned too carry out new useful functions (biotechnology & industry). •We can use this knowledge to help understand the basis of diseases and to design new drugs (medicine & drug design). •The more knowledge we have how proteins behav ...
Safety Rating Systems for Drugs Used in Pregnancy and Lactation Chapter 2
Safety Rating Systems for Drugs Used in Pregnancy and Lactation Chapter 2

... Category C: teratogenicity possible Either studies in animals have revealed adverse effects on the fetus (teratogenic, embryocidal, or other) and there are no controlled studies in women OR studies in women and animals are not available. These drugs should be given only if the potential benefit just ...
Self-administration of psychoactive substances by the monkey
Self-administration of psychoactive substances by the monkey

... predictions for man, based upon monkey data, have been proved to be qualitatively accurate. Although physiological dependence is a very important negative reinforcing factor in inducing drug-seeking behavior to avoid the aversive effects of withdrawal, it develops only to substances which have a pre ...
Bontril - MedConnections
Bontril - MedConnections

... tolerance have been demonstrated with all drugs of this class in which these phenomena have been looked for. Drugs of this class used in obesity are commonly known as “anorectics” or “anorexigenics”. It has not been established, however, that the action of such drugs in treating obesity is primarily ...
Medication Errors - Neonatal and Paediatric Pharmacists Group
Medication Errors - Neonatal and Paediatric Pharmacists Group

... Workload/staffing levels / Rotas ...
U4C3L1 - lecjrotc
U4C3L1 - lecjrotc

... continue to abuse it depends on their individual personalities and situations and on the kind of drug abused. Most drugs that people abuse produce feelings of pleasure and well-being. When people are unhappy, lonely, stressed, or are missing something in their lives such as friends, love, or satisfy ...
Pricing and Patents of HIV/AIDS Drugs in Developing Countries
Pricing and Patents of HIV/AIDS Drugs in Developing Countries

... positive relationship between drug prices and per capita income in both patent and nonpatent regimes. This finding suggests, that not only competition under nonpatent regimes drives drug prices to be related to per capita income across countries, but also that multinational drug firms have effective ...
Development of supersaturatable self-emulsifying drug delivery system formulations for
Development of supersaturatable self-emulsifying drug delivery system formulations for

... from the conventional SEDDS formulations as they contain a reduced amount of surfactant and a polymeric precipitation inhibitor (e.g., water-soluble cellulosic polymers, such as hydroxypropylmethylcellulose [HPMC]), in order to generate and maintain a supersaturated state of the drug following mixin ...
PDF - World Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
PDF - World Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

... erosions, and ulcerations), mainly located in gastric antrum, and often without clinical manifestations. Generally, these lesions have no clinical significance and tend to reduce or even disappear with chronic use, probably because the mucosa is adapted to aggression (2, 3). ...
Manuscript "Fast-track drug approval in inflammatory bowel diseases"
Manuscript "Fast-track drug approval in inflammatory bowel diseases"

... had been subject to this process This is a very interesting question. The following statement was added in our manuscript. “An interesting question would be whether the currently -or soon to be- approved IBD drugs would have met the criteria for fast track review and what would the outcomes have bee ...
NIDA Research Report- Hallucinogens and
NIDA Research Report- Hallucinogens and

... acid diethylamide”) is the drug most commonly identified with the term “hallucinogen” and the most widely used in this class of drugs. It is considered the typical hallucinogen, and the characteristics of its action and eff e c t s described in this Research Report apply to the other hallucinogens, ...
Chemical Structure of Donepezil Pharmacokinetics
Chemical Structure of Donepezil Pharmacokinetics

... • Preparation: 5 and 10 mg tablets. • Storage: tablets should be stored at room temperature. • Dosing: Donepezil is generally taken once daily at night prior to retiring. Its absorption is not affected by food. ...
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Drug design



Drug design, sometimes referred to as rational drug design or simply rational design, is the inventive process of finding new medications based on the knowledge of a biological target. The drug is most commonly an organic small molecule that activates or inhibits the function of a biomolecule such as a protein, which in turn results in a therapeutic benefit to the patient. In the most basic sense, drug design involves the design of molecules that are complementary in shape and charge to the biomolecular target with which they interact and therefore will bind to it. Drug design frequently but not necessarily relies on computer modeling techniques. This type of modeling is often referred to as computer-aided drug design. Finally, drug design that relies on the knowledge of the three-dimensional structure of the biomolecular target is known as structure-based drug design. In addition to small molecules, biopharmaceuticals and especially therapeutic antibodies are an increasingly important class of drugs and computational methods for improving the affinity, selectivity, and stability of these protein-based therapeutics have also been developed.The phrase ""drug design"" is to some extent a misnomer. A more accurate term is ligand design (i.e., design of a molecule that will bind tightly to its target). Although design techniques for prediction of binding affinity are reasonably successful, there are many other properties, such as bioavailability, metabolic half-life, side effects, etc., that first must be optimized before a ligand can become a safe and efficacious drug. These other characteristics are often difficult to predict with rational design techniques. Nevertheless, due to high attrition rates, especially during clinical phases of drug development, more attention is being focused early in the drug design process on selecting candidate drugs whose physicochemical properties are predicted to result in fewer complications during development and hence more likely to lead to an approved, marketed drug. Furthermore, in vitro experiments complemented with computation methods are increasingly used in early drug discovery to select compounds with more favorable ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) and toxicological profiles.
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