Consumer mobility and the relative importance of consumption and
... producer and consumer colonists arrive simultaneously at some point in time following a disturbance. Producer biomass is influenced both by processes intrinsic to the producer population [determined by parameter values for initial prey biomass (V,), intrinsic rate of increase in prey biomass (r), an ...
... producer and consumer colonists arrive simultaneously at some point in time following a disturbance. Producer biomass is influenced both by processes intrinsic to the producer population [determined by parameter values for initial prey biomass (V,), intrinsic rate of increase in prey biomass (r), an ...
Picking battles wisely: plant behaviour under competition
... interest, many aspects of this topic are still vague or even totally obscure. Thus, the following discussion unavoidably includes an imbalanced collection of examples and hypothetical notions that will hopefully be further corrected and moulded into a more substantial body of theory and knowledge in ...
... interest, many aspects of this topic are still vague or even totally obscure. Thus, the following discussion unavoidably includes an imbalanced collection of examples and hypothetical notions that will hopefully be further corrected and moulded into a more substantial body of theory and knowledge in ...
Environmental context determines multi-trophic effects of consumer species loss
... assemblages of species, which limits potential applicability of such findings for natural ecosystems, where species loss is not random (Srivastava & Vellend, 2005; Bracken et al., 2008). One of the few studies that attempted to mimic realistic non-random species loss in nature found that even the ra ...
... assemblages of species, which limits potential applicability of such findings for natural ecosystems, where species loss is not random (Srivastava & Vellend, 2005; Bracken et al., 2008). One of the few studies that attempted to mimic realistic non-random species loss in nature found that even the ra ...
- Wiley Online Library
... metabolic rate scales approximately three-fourths with body size. The high metabolic rate and the fast passage of ingesta in small ruminants means the only way these animals can extract sufficient nutrients from the grass is to select the most digestible components of the plant (e.g. their narrow mou ...
... metabolic rate scales approximately three-fourths with body size. The high metabolic rate and the fast passage of ingesta in small ruminants means the only way these animals can extract sufficient nutrients from the grass is to select the most digestible components of the plant (e.g. their narrow mou ...
On the influence of food quality in consumer± resource interactions
... I examine the dynamics in terms of stability by comparing the results of system (1) with f(NR, NC) set to R/[k3(k4 + Ck2)], as opposed to setting this to 1. I also vary the input of allochthonous nutrient (I) to examine whether these inputs are stabilizing or not. One would expect that low to modera ...
... I examine the dynamics in terms of stability by comparing the results of system (1) with f(NR, NC) set to R/[k3(k4 + Ck2)], as opposed to setting this to 1. I also vary the input of allochthonous nutrient (I) to examine whether these inputs are stabilizing or not. One would expect that low to modera ...
Rethinking Swidden Cultivation in Myanmar
... Asia in recent decades, due to a range of stresses, most of which in Myanmar are more recent and more rapid: population growth, enclosure of remaining wildlands for protected areas, strengthened state reach to implement sedentarisation policies, and the threat and actual manifestation of ‘land grabb ...
... Asia in recent decades, due to a range of stresses, most of which in Myanmar are more recent and more rapid: population growth, enclosure of remaining wildlands for protected areas, strengthened state reach to implement sedentarisation policies, and the threat and actual manifestation of ‘land grabb ...
What is hidden behind the concept of ecosystem efficiency in energy
... Nland < Nwater . As a matter of fact, the first energy flow from primary producers to herbivores is less efficient on land, where most plant biomass is dead material that does not recycle in the short-medium term. Furthermore, water availability is often limiting on land and adaptations to temperatu ...
... Nland < Nwater . As a matter of fact, the first energy flow from primary producers to herbivores is less efficient on land, where most plant biomass is dead material that does not recycle in the short-medium term. Furthermore, water availability is often limiting on land and adaptations to temperatu ...
Effects of human actions on four ecological systems, Margaret Candace Kosmala
... Figure 2-3: Analysis of greenhouse gas emissions from U.S. Industrial beef production at five different stages of production and consumption. ........................................................................... 22 Figure 2-4: Conversion of 1 kg live weight of four meat products into eaten mea ...
... Figure 2-3: Analysis of greenhouse gas emissions from U.S. Industrial beef production at five different stages of production and consumption. ........................................................................... 22 Figure 2-4: Conversion of 1 kg live weight of four meat products into eaten mea ...
Adaptive omnivory and species coexistence in tri
... Křivan, 1996). Thus, this case converges to the situation where predators are omnivorous generalists, which is studied in the next section. To analyze effects of adaptive omnivory on species coexistence we will use some results of permanence theory. For 3-species systems, permanence theory gives ne ...
... Křivan, 1996). Thus, this case converges to the situation where predators are omnivorous generalists, which is studied in the next section. To analyze effects of adaptive omnivory on species coexistence we will use some results of permanence theory. For 3-species systems, permanence theory gives ne ...
Sonoran Desert Tortoise Natural History
... identifies appropriate voluntary conservation measures that would reduce or eliminate consultation for ranching activities if the species were to be listed. This effort also serves to be a proactive and voluntary approach by the ranching industry in working with agencies to actively conserve SDT and ...
... identifies appropriate voluntary conservation measures that would reduce or eliminate consultation for ranching activities if the species were to be listed. This effort also serves to be a proactive and voluntary approach by the ranching industry in working with agencies to actively conserve SDT and ...
Community secondary production as a measure of ecosystem
... creeks. When compared with several univariate measures (species richness, evenness, abundance, biomass), community composition (by ordination), and community distribution (via rank-curve analysis), community secondary production appeared to be the most consistent variable for distinguishing between ...
... creeks. When compared with several univariate measures (species richness, evenness, abundance, biomass), community composition (by ordination), and community distribution (via rank-curve analysis), community secondary production appeared to be the most consistent variable for distinguishing between ...
The Science of Ecology for a Sustainable World
... with other species. He concluded that limiting study to a single species is misleading. Ernst Haeckel (Germany, 1834–1919) was influenced by Darwin’s The Origin of the Species in such a way that he first proposed the use of a word to indicate the study of the relationship of organisms with their env ...
... with other species. He concluded that limiting study to a single species is misleading. Ernst Haeckel (Germany, 1834–1919) was influenced by Darwin’s The Origin of the Species in such a way that he first proposed the use of a word to indicate the study of the relationship of organisms with their env ...
Structure changes in a planktonic food web: biotic and abiotic controls
... September of 1996 (Fig. 2B). Finally, both groups were scarcely represented in 1997 (Fig. 2C). 3.5. Zooplankton Zooplankton community composition was simple and we did not observe major inter-annual differences in composition. A calanoid copepod, Mixodiaptomus laciniatus, was the main zooplankton sp ...
... September of 1996 (Fig. 2B). Finally, both groups were scarcely represented in 1997 (Fig. 2C). 3.5. Zooplankton Zooplankton community composition was simple and we did not observe major inter-annual differences in composition. A calanoid copepod, Mixodiaptomus laciniatus, was the main zooplankton sp ...
绵羊口液对羊草（Leymus chinensis）再生生长的作用 及其生理机制
... Effects on environment Physical environment Litter intercepts incident light and the rain, and changes surface structure, affecting transfer of heat and water between soil and the atmosphere Direct effects on germination and establishment and indirect effects on resource availability and other biot ...
... Effects on environment Physical environment Litter intercepts incident light and the rain, and changes surface structure, affecting transfer of heat and water between soil and the atmosphere Direct effects on germination and establishment and indirect effects on resource availability and other biot ...
Preston and Johnson 2010
... challenging to observe. Many live their lives secretively, in intimate contact with their host, but invisible to the outside world. With some notable exceptions (e.g., tapeworms), parasites also tend to be very small. It may be easy to assume then, that since parasites are generally inconspicuous, t ...
... challenging to observe. Many live their lives secretively, in intimate contact with their host, but invisible to the outside world. With some notable exceptions (e.g., tapeworms), parasites also tend to be very small. It may be easy to assume then, that since parasites are generally inconspicuous, t ...
Networking Agroecology: Integrating the Diversity of Agroecosystem
... the best practices for reversing declines in species richness in agricultural landscapes, let alone how networks of interacting species might be restored (but see Pocock et al., 2012). Simply reversing some of the processes of intensification, by reducing inputs, increasing landscape diversity and i ...
... the best practices for reversing declines in species richness in agricultural landscapes, let alone how networks of interacting species might be restored (but see Pocock et al., 2012). Simply reversing some of the processes of intensification, by reducing inputs, increasing landscape diversity and i ...
Predator effects on faunal community composition in
... to be most common in systems with relatively simple food chains, and rarer in species-rich systems where numerous weak interactions among species can buffer strong top-down effects. Seagrass ecosystems are typically species-rich and characterized by complex food webs, but evidence of top-down effect ...
... to be most common in systems with relatively simple food chains, and rarer in species-rich systems where numerous weak interactions among species can buffer strong top-down effects. Seagrass ecosystems are typically species-rich and characterized by complex food webs, but evidence of top-down effect ...
(Frostweed, Asteraceae) not found in grasslands?
... Verbesina virginica is mostly found in canopy shade because of the lack of C4 grasses and other herbaceous plants that probably take up water more efficiently during the hot-dry time of year. Thus, it is not found in canopy gaps because of the growth, competition and probably water uptake and use by ...
... Verbesina virginica is mostly found in canopy shade because of the lack of C4 grasses and other herbaceous plants that probably take up water more efficiently during the hot-dry time of year. Thus, it is not found in canopy gaps because of the growth, competition and probably water uptake and use by ...
Competition between distantly related taxa
... terrestrial ecosystems, was reviewed. Aside from the many studies reporting competition between congeneric, confamilial or conordinal species within several trophic guilds, there are a few well-documented cases of competition between species belonging to different Classes, Phyla and Kingdoms. Three ...
... terrestrial ecosystems, was reviewed. Aside from the many studies reporting competition between congeneric, confamilial or conordinal species within several trophic guilds, there are a few well-documented cases of competition between species belonging to different Classes, Phyla and Kingdoms. Three ...
Reproductive Allocation in Plants
... before the end of the season, before final reproductive output has been expressed. This problem is particularly acute in plants with indeterminate reproductive development, which continues until frost or drought prevents further growth. When such plants are grown experimentally, the results may be s ...
... before the end of the season, before final reproductive output has been expressed. This problem is particularly acute in plants with indeterminate reproductive development, which continues until frost or drought prevents further growth. When such plants are grown experimentally, the results may be s ...
Biodiversity in a Changing World
... The threats facing Ontario’s plant and animal species are constantly increasing. However, there are five main threats that are impacting all species across Ontario, pollution, habitat loss, invasive species, unsustainable use and climate change. Pollution of the natural ecosystems includes contamina ...
... The threats facing Ontario’s plant and animal species are constantly increasing. However, there are five main threats that are impacting all species across Ontario, pollution, habitat loss, invasive species, unsustainable use and climate change. Pollution of the natural ecosystems includes contamina ...
Untitled
... to chemical energy. Most plants store this energy as food in the bonds of sugar or starch. The aquatic environment is less varied than terrestrial environments that include deserts, forests, grasslands, and tundra. In some ways, an aquatic environment is easier for plants in terms of water availabil ...
... to chemical energy. Most plants store this energy as food in the bonds of sugar or starch. The aquatic environment is less varied than terrestrial environments that include deserts, forests, grasslands, and tundra. In some ways, an aquatic environment is easier for plants in terms of water availabil ...
density-mediated, context-dependent consumer–resource
... Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Rice University, 6100 South Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005 USA ...
... Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Rice University, 6100 South Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005 USA ...