Earthworm invasion into previously earthworm-free temperate and boreal forests
... litter and increasing rates of decomposition. Although it is well known that detritivores and decomposers are necessary for recycling of carbon and nutrients, seldom do scientists have the chance to observe how a major change in the detritivore community affects ecosystems at large spatial scales, a ...
... litter and increasing rates of decomposition. Although it is well known that detritivores and decomposers are necessary for recycling of carbon and nutrients, seldom do scientists have the chance to observe how a major change in the detritivore community affects ecosystems at large spatial scales, a ...
Behavior of Plankton and Patch Formation in Pelagic Ecosystems
... difference in the relationship between auto- and heterotrophs of terrestrial and pelagic systems ... [based on asymmetries in the] ... temporal and spatial patterns of nutrient cycling ... On land, the material [and ultimately limiting] resource is water ... passed up the food pyramid but ... not re ...
... difference in the relationship between auto- and heterotrophs of terrestrial and pelagic systems ... [based on asymmetries in the] ... temporal and spatial patterns of nutrient cycling ... On land, the material [and ultimately limiting] resource is water ... passed up the food pyramid but ... not re ...
The Impact of Invasive Species on Ecosystem Services and Human
... Non-native timber species may sequester more (or less) carbon than native trees. ■ SUMMARY: Although there is much focus on how climate change will ...
... Non-native timber species may sequester more (or less) carbon than native trees. ■ SUMMARY: Although there is much focus on how climate change will ...
Molecular diversity and ecology of microbial plankton
... Certain characteristics of the ocean environment — the prevailing low-nutrient state of the ocean surface, in particular — mean it is sometimes regarded as an extreme ecosystem. Fixed forms of nitrogen, phosphorus and iron are often at very low or undetectable levels in the ocean’s circulatory gyres ...
... Certain characteristics of the ocean environment — the prevailing low-nutrient state of the ocean surface, in particular — mean it is sometimes regarded as an extreme ecosystem. Fixed forms of nitrogen, phosphorus and iron are often at very low or undetectable levels in the ocean’s circulatory gyres ...
Chapter 13: Water and the Lithosphere Preview
... the spreading of crustal plates at mid-ocean ridges, and subduction and uplift of crustal material at the plate boundaries, which are found at continental margins. Volatile compounds, such as H2O, HCl, CO2, SO2 and N2 were expelled from the interior in volcanic eruptions, forming the oceans and the ...
... the spreading of crustal plates at mid-ocean ridges, and subduction and uplift of crustal material at the plate boundaries, which are found at continental margins. Volatile compounds, such as H2O, HCl, CO2, SO2 and N2 were expelled from the interior in volcanic eruptions, forming the oceans and the ...
Effects of Grazing on the Roots and Rhizosphere
... In order to try to understand the contrasting responses to grazing found in mixed pastures, an experiment was conducted in a greenhouse on monocultures of five grass species found on pastures ranging in intensity of management from unimproved to improved by the addition of lime and fertilizer. The s ...
... In order to try to understand the contrasting responses to grazing found in mixed pastures, an experiment was conducted in a greenhouse on monocultures of five grass species found on pastures ranging in intensity of management from unimproved to improved by the addition of lime and fertilizer. The s ...
Climate Change in the Baltic Sea region
... These changes will, in turn, influence both the benthos and the zooplankton community composition, and increase the mismatch between the different communities. In addition, increased freshwater discharge and nutrient loads may affect both the biomass and composition of the phytoplankton community. T ...
... These changes will, in turn, influence both the benthos and the zooplankton community composition, and increase the mismatch between the different communities. In addition, increased freshwater discharge and nutrient loads may affect both the biomass and composition of the phytoplankton community. T ...
application for
... Subject to law - proposal to translocate aquatic resources into and within South Australia must comply with relevant State and Commonwealth laws. A species will only be considered as a candidate for translocation if possession of the species does not conflict with the restrictions imposed under the ...
... Subject to law - proposal to translocate aquatic resources into and within South Australia must comply with relevant State and Commonwealth laws. A species will only be considered as a candidate for translocation if possession of the species does not conflict with the restrictions imposed under the ...
Growth and carbon accumulation in root systems of Pinus
... Ryker 1990). Accordingly, ecosystems dominated by these species will be important components of the biosphere response to global change. Although the two pine species are closely related (Shaw 1914), they have recently evolved in different environments resulting in contrasting life histories and gro ...
... Ryker 1990). Accordingly, ecosystems dominated by these species will be important components of the biosphere response to global change. Although the two pine species are closely related (Shaw 1914), they have recently evolved in different environments resulting in contrasting life histories and gro ...
Data/hora: 06/05/2017 14:31:12 Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Cerrados
... of biotite to around 11ºA) occur in noticeable amounts in two profiles. The sand fraction of most profiles shows high amounts of quartz. The content of quartz sharply decreases in the silt fraction and reaches the breakdown point in the clay fraction. The fine silt fraction (20 to 2) is dominated by ...
... of biotite to around 11ºA) occur in noticeable amounts in two profiles. The sand fraction of most profiles shows high amounts of quartz. The content of quartz sharply decreases in the silt fraction and reaches the breakdown point in the clay fraction. The fine silt fraction (20 to 2) is dominated by ...
- New Zealand Ecological Society
... grasses benefit from reduced competition from tall grasses and woody species, and locally high levels of soil nutrients due to faeces deposition. However, in all these situations abiotic factors are also critical, with either periodic impoundment or fire retarding the natural succession to woodland ...
... grasses benefit from reduced competition from tall grasses and woody species, and locally high levels of soil nutrients due to faeces deposition. However, in all these situations abiotic factors are also critical, with either periodic impoundment or fire retarding the natural succession to woodland ...
Biodiversity and ecosystem productivity in a fluctuating environment
... species richness within a trophic level or functional group on the expected temporal mean and variance of ecosystem productivity based on individual species’ productivity responses to environmental fluctuations. The model consists of the following three elements. Replicate Ecosystems. A set of repli ...
... species richness within a trophic level or functional group on the expected temporal mean and variance of ecosystem productivity based on individual species’ productivity responses to environmental fluctuations. The model consists of the following three elements. Replicate Ecosystems. A set of repli ...
Curonian Lagoon
... the Baltic Sea. As a result the salinity in the area can temporarilly increase. Both areas are affetcedby commercial and to some extent recreational fishing, as well as by predation from cormorants. Local pressure Commercial fisheries exhibits one of the main pressures on Curonian Lagoon fish commun ...
... the Baltic Sea. As a result the salinity in the area can temporarilly increase. Both areas are affetcedby commercial and to some extent recreational fishing, as well as by predation from cormorants. Local pressure Commercial fisheries exhibits one of the main pressures on Curonian Lagoon fish commun ...
Occurrence of Arbuscular Mycorrhizas and Dark Septate
... In this study, only 22% of the aquatic plants were arbuscular mycorrhized. This was similar to the results reported by CHAUBAL et al. (1982) who found that 29% of the aquatic plants investigated was mycorrhizal and concluded that AM occurrence was a rare phenomenon in aquatic tropical plants. It was ...
... In this study, only 22% of the aquatic plants were arbuscular mycorrhized. This was similar to the results reported by CHAUBAL et al. (1982) who found that 29% of the aquatic plants investigated was mycorrhizal and concluded that AM occurrence was a rare phenomenon in aquatic tropical plants. It was ...
COVENANT UNIVERSITY Course Compact 2014/2015 Session
... Definition and basic theories of soil bearing capacities. Determination of soil bearing capacity and the maximum loads a soil can hold using the Terzaghi soil capacity formulae. Mention some relationships between the soil classification and bearing capacity by Terzaghi. Understand what retaining wal ...
... Definition and basic theories of soil bearing capacities. Determination of soil bearing capacity and the maximum loads a soil can hold using the Terzaghi soil capacity formulae. Mention some relationships between the soil classification and bearing capacity by Terzaghi. Understand what retaining wal ...
New Zealand`s Naturally Uncommon Ecosystems
... and policymakers with a resource to facilitate their efforts to reverse the decline and degradation of these important elements of New Zealand’s natural heritage. An example of a factsheet is provided in Figure 2. ...
... and policymakers with a resource to facilitate their efforts to reverse the decline and degradation of these important elements of New Zealand’s natural heritage. An example of a factsheet is provided in Figure 2. ...
Ecopath, Ecosim, and Ecospace as tools for evaluating ecosystem
... San Miguel Bay, Philippines, by Bundy (1997) showed that Ecosim results depend strongly on the assumed vulnerabilities of the biomass pools. This allowed identification of a few robust policies that applied over a wide range of vij settings and their differentiation from policies whose outcome depend ...
... San Miguel Bay, Philippines, by Bundy (1997) showed that Ecosim results depend strongly on the assumed vulnerabilities of the biomass pools. This allowed identification of a few robust policies that applied over a wide range of vij settings and their differentiation from policies whose outcome depend ...
Habitat coupling in lake ecosystems
... fishes. Pelagic habitats are inhabited predominantly by planktonic organisms. Energy flow in this habitat is largely through phytoplankton and bacterial pathways. Benthic habitats of lakes are associated with bottom substrata and can be substantially heterogeneous in both vertical and horizontal dim ...
... fishes. Pelagic habitats are inhabited predominantly by planktonic organisms. Energy flow in this habitat is largely through phytoplankton and bacterial pathways. Benthic habitats of lakes are associated with bottom substrata and can be substantially heterogeneous in both vertical and horizontal dim ...
1 - Black Rock Forest Consortium
... increased carbon efflux due to a decline in salamander populations. This may have broader ramifications for the northeastern deciduous forest systems carbon storage functions, and ultimately, forest functions as carbon sinks. ...
... increased carbon efflux due to a decline in salamander populations. This may have broader ramifications for the northeastern deciduous forest systems carbon storage functions, and ultimately, forest functions as carbon sinks. ...
Slide 1
... either main effect. The change in leaf area per leaf showed that slug exclusion plots were significantly different from the none (p<0.005), inclusion (p<0.01), and control (p<0.05) plots (Fig. 3). Although there was also a significant difference between sites (p<0.01), there was no interaction effec ...
... either main effect. The change in leaf area per leaf showed that slug exclusion plots were significantly different from the none (p<0.005), inclusion (p<0.01), and control (p<0.05) plots (Fig. 3). Although there was also a significant difference between sites (p<0.01), there was no interaction effec ...
Soil and Mulch - Tacoma-Pierce County Health Department
... to long-term plant health. Soil is the anchor that holds plants in place, provides nutrients, and holds water and oxygen for plants so healthy soil is a key to long-term plant health. In fact many plant problems can be traced back to poor soil conditions. Improving soil health helps plants thrive an ...
... to long-term plant health. Soil is the anchor that holds plants in place, provides nutrients, and holds water and oxygen for plants so healthy soil is a key to long-term plant health. In fact many plant problems can be traced back to poor soil conditions. Improving soil health helps plants thrive an ...
PDF
... unambiguous, but the exact magnitude is uncertain because of the complex interactions and feedback processes in the ecosystem and the economy. Five main factors will affect agricultural productivity: changes in temperature, precipitation, carbon dioxide (CO2) fertilization, climate variability, and ...
... unambiguous, but the exact magnitude is uncertain because of the complex interactions and feedback processes in the ecosystem and the economy. Five main factors will affect agricultural productivity: changes in temperature, precipitation, carbon dioxide (CO2) fertilization, climate variability, and ...
Ecology of Populations Student study guide
... B. Be able to explain how organisms react to changes either abiotic or biotic in their habitat and how these changes must fall within a range of tolerance before they can survive. (363365) C. Be able to explain the concept “niche” and contrast generalists and specialists. (365) D. Be able to explain ...
... B. Be able to explain how organisms react to changes either abiotic or biotic in their habitat and how these changes must fall within a range of tolerance before they can survive. (363365) C. Be able to explain the concept “niche” and contrast generalists and specialists. (365) D. Be able to explain ...
Human impact on the nitrogen cycle
Human impact on the nitrogen cycle is diverse. Agricultural and industrial nitrogen (N) inputs to the environment currently exceed inputs from natural N fixation. As a consequence of anthropogenic inputs, the global nitrogen cycle (Fig. 1) has been significantly altered over the past century. Global atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O) mole fractions have increased from a pre-industrial value of ~270 nmol/mol to ~319 nmol/mol in 2005. Human activities account for over one-third of N2O emissions, most of which are due to the agricultural sector. This article is intended to give a brief review of the history of anthropogenic N inputs, and reported impacts of nitrogen inputs on selected terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.