Geography 1001: Climate & Vegetation
... Vegetation dynamics concepts • Regeneration/maintenance dynamics refers to: – a spatio-temporal change in structure – keeping the species composition constant (e.g. spruce fir regeneration within a spruce fir forest) ...
... Vegetation dynamics concepts • Regeneration/maintenance dynamics refers to: – a spatio-temporal change in structure – keeping the species composition constant (e.g. spruce fir regeneration within a spruce fir forest) ...
Consumer species richness and nutrients
... responses in the algae community in terms of evenness and primary producer species richness. Both evenness and species richness of the primary producer community decreased in the presence of grazers. However, an increasing number of consumer species sustained a higher primary producer evenness and s ...
... responses in the algae community in terms of evenness and primary producer species richness. Both evenness and species richness of the primary producer community decreased in the presence of grazers. However, an increasing number of consumer species sustained a higher primary producer evenness and s ...
Forty years of experiments on aquatic invasive species
... species, that is whether the non-native species was a plant or animal, pre-dominantly occupied the pelagic or benthic realm, was mobile or sessile, whether its trophic position was a plant, filter-feeder, herbivore, omnivore or carnivore, and its taxonomic affiliation. We classified very slow-moving ...
... species, that is whether the non-native species was a plant or animal, pre-dominantly occupied the pelagic or benthic realm, was mobile or sessile, whether its trophic position was a plant, filter-feeder, herbivore, omnivore or carnivore, and its taxonomic affiliation. We classified very slow-moving ...
What is ecosystem stability?
... An invasive species is a nonnative species that spreads widely in a community. Nonnative species become invasive if their new surroundings lack natural population checks such as predators or competitors. ...
... An invasive species is a nonnative species that spreads widely in a community. Nonnative species become invasive if their new surroundings lack natural population checks such as predators or competitors. ...
Thermodynamic stability of ecosystems ARTICLE IN PRESS K. Michaelian
... becomes elusive. This limitation of the traditional theory has since been emphasized by Swenson (1997) who has labeled it the problem of the evolution of a population of one. At these scales, the macro-evolutionary dynamics of living systems is thus an enigma, indicating a need for a more encompassi ...
... becomes elusive. This limitation of the traditional theory has since been emphasized by Swenson (1997) who has labeled it the problem of the evolution of a population of one. At these scales, the macro-evolutionary dynamics of living systems is thus an enigma, indicating a need for a more encompassi ...
Delayed, chronic, and indirect effects of shoreline
... bioassays of acute mortality of individual species to short-lived water-soluble fraction of oil (mostly BTEX plus napthalene) • New 1990’s realizations – persistent biologically available 3-5 ring PAHs from oil in protected habitats is toxic with chronic impacts for yrs – strong interspecific intera ...
... bioassays of acute mortality of individual species to short-lived water-soluble fraction of oil (mostly BTEX plus napthalene) • New 1990’s realizations – persistent biologically available 3-5 ring PAHs from oil in protected habitats is toxic with chronic impacts for yrs – strong interspecific intera ...
The Effect of Crop Protection Chemicals on Soil-Dwelling
... and Bradyrhizobium which fix nitrogen as part of a symbiotic relationship with legumes, and nitrifying bacteria. Their abundance in soil treated with pesticides is often lower than in control samples. Pesticides also modify the physiological and biochemical properties of microorganisms. Enzymes pro ...
... and Bradyrhizobium which fix nitrogen as part of a symbiotic relationship with legumes, and nitrifying bacteria. Their abundance in soil treated with pesticides is often lower than in control samples. Pesticides also modify the physiological and biochemical properties of microorganisms. Enzymes pro ...
Chapter 37 - Cloudfront.net
... • Nitrate concentration in creek was 60 times greater – Other long-term findings • Acid precipitation has resulted in calcium loss • Forest plants are not adding new growth because of calcium deficiency Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
... • Nitrate concentration in creek was 60 times greater – Other long-term findings • Acid precipitation has resulted in calcium loss • Forest plants are not adding new growth because of calcium deficiency Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
Passive and Active Restoration Strategies to Activate Soil
... The results of this study clearly showed that there were significant differences between the active and passive strategies characterized here to activate soil biogeochemical nutrient cycles in tropical dry lands. The annual production of leaf litter and total fine litter per unit area was 2.6-times ...
... The results of this study clearly showed that there were significant differences between the active and passive strategies characterized here to activate soil biogeochemical nutrient cycles in tropical dry lands. The annual production of leaf litter and total fine litter per unit area was 2.6-times ...
Novel weapons: invasive success and the evolution of increased
... Mitchell and Power 2003; Reinhart et al. 2003; cation of resources or energy from defense against speSiemann and Rogers 2003; Callaway et al. 2004; cialist herbivores to competitive ability. DeWalt et al. 2004; Jakobs et al. 2004), but there are reasons to be hesitant about accepting enemy release a ...
... Mitchell and Power 2003; Reinhart et al. 2003; cation of resources or energy from defense against speSiemann and Rogers 2003; Callaway et al. 2004; cialist herbivores to competitive ability. DeWalt et al. 2004; Jakobs et al. 2004), but there are reasons to be hesitant about accepting enemy release a ...
682.pdf
... our results and these theories we argue that, in restoration scenarios in which the native plant community is being reassembled from seed, soil N management will have no direct positive effect on native plant establishment unless invasive plant propagule pools and priority effects are controlled the ...
... our results and these theories we argue that, in restoration scenarios in which the native plant community is being reassembled from seed, soil N management will have no direct positive effect on native plant establishment unless invasive plant propagule pools and priority effects are controlled the ...
KEY______KEY_____KEY__ Earth`s Changing - Parkway C-2
... loam soil that is made up of about equal parts of clay, sand and silt. ...
... loam soil that is made up of about equal parts of clay, sand and silt. ...
Mrs. Krausz`s Environmental Science: Chapter 5 Study Guide
... 15. Which of the following is not a likely component of soil formed during primary succession? A cast-off parts of shrubs and trees C dust particles from the air B decayed lichens and bacteria D broken bits of stone and rock 16. Which organism is likely to be in the bottom trophic level of a food ch ...
... 15. Which of the following is not a likely component of soil formed during primary succession? A cast-off parts of shrubs and trees C dust particles from the air B decayed lichens and bacteria D broken bits of stone and rock 16. Which organism is likely to be in the bottom trophic level of a food ch ...
A Meta-analysis of Studies on Plant Growth
... As with relative growth rate, plant allocation to roots and shoots has received a great deal of attention in discussions of plant adaptation and acclimation to environments differing in fertility. The proportion of plant mass allocated to root, often called the root weight ratio (RWR), is an express ...
... As with relative growth rate, plant allocation to roots and shoots has received a great deal of attention in discussions of plant adaptation and acclimation to environments differing in fertility. The proportion of plant mass allocated to root, often called the root weight ratio (RWR), is an express ...
Plant and soil characteristics affected by biofertilizers from rocks and
... The chemical analyses (pH, total N, and available P and K) are shown in Table 1. The pH results significantly differed between both products in regard to period of incubation, especially from 10 to 20 days. The reduction in pH values was evident in the biofertilizer (NPKB) with inoculation of the fr ...
... The chemical analyses (pH, total N, and available P and K) are shown in Table 1. The pH results significantly differed between both products in regard to period of incubation, especially from 10 to 20 days. The reduction in pH values was evident in the biofertilizer (NPKB) with inoculation of the fr ...
Soil invertebrate fauna enhances grassland succession and diversity
... This might be attributed to higher root quality and accessibility (more suitable nutrient composition or less chemical or mechanical defence) or to lower tolerance to herbivory of the early succession plant species. By contrast, in late succession stages, where nutrients become limited, the growth c ...
... This might be attributed to higher root quality and accessibility (more suitable nutrient composition or less chemical or mechanical defence) or to lower tolerance to herbivory of the early succession plant species. By contrast, in late succession stages, where nutrients become limited, the growth c ...
Summary of workshop «Contaminants in urban food webs
... o Earthworms: Toxic metals >> sumPFAS > sumPCB The earthworm from Oslo area showed a Sum(MEC/PNECpred) > 1 ranging between 5.9 and 12.6, indicating a risk for predators with earthworm as an important food item Cadmium contributed most to the estimated risk, followed by PFOS and lead and mercury For ...
... o Earthworms: Toxic metals >> sumPFAS > sumPCB The earthworm from Oslo area showed a Sum(MEC/PNECpred) > 1 ranging between 5.9 and 12.6, indicating a risk for predators with earthworm as an important food item Cadmium contributed most to the estimated risk, followed by PFOS and lead and mercury For ...
Elements of Ecology (8th Edition)
... obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pears ...
... obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pears ...
Ecological Overview of the Southern Plains Inventory and
... all network parks also contain significant natural resources. Many of these resources are embedded within a framework focused on a human event or activity, and the enabling legislation for many of the parks refers to ecological systems (e.g., requiring that the scene for the period of significance a ...
... all network parks also contain significant natural resources. Many of these resources are embedded within a framework focused on a human event or activity, and the enabling legislation for many of the parks refers to ecological systems (e.g., requiring that the scene for the period of significance a ...
Full Text
... increase with changing environmental conditions in the Alaskan Arctic. Industrial development, both onshore and offshore, and the potential for increased overland and marine-transport corridors present growing potential for disturbance. A recent analysis of climate models suggests that new trans-Arc ...
... increase with changing environmental conditions in the Alaskan Arctic. Industrial development, both onshore and offshore, and the potential for increased overland and marine-transport corridors present growing potential for disturbance. A recent analysis of climate models suggests that new trans-Arc ...
AP Biology Summer Assignment- Due Date: Wednesday, Aug 21s
... Biotic Factors The inability of transplanted organisms to survive and reproduce may be due to predation, disease, parasitism, competition, or lack of mutual symbiosis. "Removal and addition" experiments test whether predators limit the distribution of prey species. Sea urchins were shown to limit th ...
... Biotic Factors The inability of transplanted organisms to survive and reproduce may be due to predation, disease, parasitism, competition, or lack of mutual symbiosis. "Removal and addition" experiments test whether predators limit the distribution of prey species. Sea urchins were shown to limit th ...
marine ecosystems and fisheries
... number of levels that refer to an organism’s position in the food chain. The first level, the base, is occupied by the primary producers of energy, phytoplankton, (sea grasses and algae). The second level, the start of the predator-prey relationship, contains the primary consumers or herbivores that ...
... number of levels that refer to an organism’s position in the food chain. The first level, the base, is occupied by the primary producers of energy, phytoplankton, (sea grasses and algae). The second level, the start of the predator-prey relationship, contains the primary consumers or herbivores that ...
ppt
... Africa, South America and the Caribbean and parts of Asia. This part is considered of variable reliability between moderate and high (4) For the areas not covered by the above, mainly West Africa, North America, South Asia and Australia, the DSWM was re-interpreted. This part of the database is cons ...
... Africa, South America and the Caribbean and parts of Asia. This part is considered of variable reliability between moderate and high (4) For the areas not covered by the above, mainly West Africa, North America, South Asia and Australia, the DSWM was re-interpreted. This part of the database is cons ...
Ch - Garnet Valley School District
... 5. What do increased levels of carbon dioxide contribute to? 6. Why do all organisms need nitrogen? 7. Why can’t organisms use the nitrogen in the atmosphere? 8. What do nitrogen-fixing bacteria do? 9. Where are nitrogen-fixing bacteria found? 10. What is the role of decomposers in the nitrogen cycl ...
... 5. What do increased levels of carbon dioxide contribute to? 6. Why do all organisms need nitrogen? 7. Why can’t organisms use the nitrogen in the atmosphere? 8. What do nitrogen-fixing bacteria do? 9. Where are nitrogen-fixing bacteria found? 10. What is the role of decomposers in the nitrogen cycl ...
Human impact on the nitrogen cycle
Human impact on the nitrogen cycle is diverse. Agricultural and industrial nitrogen (N) inputs to the environment currently exceed inputs from natural N fixation. As a consequence of anthropogenic inputs, the global nitrogen cycle (Fig. 1) has been significantly altered over the past century. Global atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O) mole fractions have increased from a pre-industrial value of ~270 nmol/mol to ~319 nmol/mol in 2005. Human activities account for over one-third of N2O emissions, most of which are due to the agricultural sector. This article is intended to give a brief review of the history of anthropogenic N inputs, and reported impacts of nitrogen inputs on selected terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.