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Horticulture Newsletter May 2011 - Iowa State University Extension
Horticulture Newsletter May 2011 - Iowa State University Extension

... colors. Gardeners with additional questions can contact the experts by calling or emailing the ISU Extension horticulture hotline at 515-294-3108 or [email protected]. In regards to tomatoes, what is meant by the terms “determinate” and “indeterminate”? Determinate and indeterminate describe a to ...
Secondary growth increases the girth of woody plants
Secondary growth increases the girth of woody plants

... – Phloem transports glucose made in leaves to nonphotosynthetic parts of the plant – Arranged in bundles ...
Dendrology
Dendrology

... • Keying is a way to identify a plant or tree by looking at the similarities and differences that exist among them. • A tree key would begin with a group of trees that are split into two groups by comparing different expressions of the same character (flower color red or white). • The first major se ...
Natural Regeneration Using Seed Trees
Natural Regeneration Using Seed Trees

... area. Areas with extremely shallow soils will suffer exces- ...
Trees of Mt Majura 1.1
Trees of Mt Majura 1.1

... The pattern and diversity of the trees growing on Mt Majura result from natural conditions such as variations in soils and topography, fire and drought and from human interactions such as grazing, clearing and planting. This guide contains brief descriptions of eight eucalypt species (1) and eight s ...
Phytophthora%20ramorum[1]
Phytophthora%20ramorum[1]

... Death. The same Phytophthora has also been found to cause a new disease of rhododendrons and viburnums, which was first reported in Europe from the Netherlands and Germany. However, the form of P. ramorum in North America is of a different sexual mating type to the fungus in Europe. P. ramorum has s ...
Summer, Autumn, Spring
Summer, Autumn, Spring

... bloom. Often people with hay fever suffer more, because of the allergens. Many animals have their breeding seasons in spring. In many parts of the world it rains for hours. This helps the plants, grow and the flowers bloom. At the start of spring, people suffering from seasonal affective disorder wi ...
Suggested Trees - Township of Franklin, NJ
Suggested Trees - Township of Franklin, NJ

...  Features showy clusters of white flowers held atop the branches in mid spring. It has dark green foliage throughout the season.  Narrowly upright and columnar growth habit.  Low canopy with a typical clearance of 4 feet from the ground, and is suitable for planting under power lines.  Should on ...
Lecture 6b Land Plants: Gymnosperms and
Lecture 6b Land Plants: Gymnosperms and

... • Dispersal: seeds can be dispersed more widely than spores by enclosing them in a bribe (fruit) and having animals move them. • Dormancy: the developing embryo is protected and can wait a long time to germinate when conditions are good. ...
Erythrina fusca Fabaceae
Erythrina fusca Fabaceae

... Soil improver: In Bahia, Brazil, it has been observed that cocoa trees planted near E. fusca produce more pods than those growing farther away from the shade trees. This is attributed to increased litter fall in plantations with this species, which adds to the available amounts of nitrogen and phosp ...
1 Falling from trees - student sheet
1 Falling from trees - student sheet

... contained. Some trees such as conifers produce cones and not flowers. Fertilisation happens when wind carries pollen from a male cone to a female cone. Ovules in the female cone become seeds. Hard scales protect the seeds. Every seed has a protective coat inside which is an embryo and nutrients esse ...
View/Open
View/Open

... •Ovuliferous scales are free almost free when young •2-9 ovules on each ovuliferous scale •2-9microspoangiaor pollen sacs on each microsporophyl •Pollen grains are without wings ...
Division: Cycadophyta - Welcome to Mt. San Antonio College
Division: Cycadophyta - Welcome to Mt. San Antonio College

... As the root of a young seedling grows, it penetrates the soil. Epidermal cells produce root They absorb water and dissolved minerals from the soil. The small size and larger number of hairs enormously increase the absorptive surface of the root and bring it in contact with a large volume of soil. F ...
Katie C
Katie C

... covers and protects the area from the sun. The woodlands also are making a comeback and actually gaining land percentage by restoration of the forests. People in deciduous forests have learned to use the forest land in productive ways, but what about the plants and animals? The duckbill platypus is ...
Phylum/Divison Pterophyta
Phylum/Divison Pterophyta

... Elkinsia  polymorpha   ...
Plant Unit: part 2
Plant Unit: part 2

... Meristematic Tissue Unlike animals, plants only divide in specific areas called ...
ACIMS - Physiognomic Classes for Terrestrial Ecological Communities
ACIMS - Physiognomic Classes for Terrestrial Ecological Communities

... clumps may be overlapping to not touching, but usually have greater than 25% cover. If trees are present, they have less than 25% cover. Dwarf Shrubland An ecological community that is dominated by low-growing shrubs generally less than 0.5m tall. Individuals or clumps may be overlapping to not touc ...
Tree Identification
Tree Identification

... Š Growth occurs only from meristem tissue (cambium, stem and root tips). Š Early (spring) wood is light and softer. Š Late (summer) wood is dark and denser. Š 1 light + 1 dark ring = 1 year’s growth ...
trees
trees

... living in the temperate grasslands? • Adequate food (grasses) for grazers such as buffalo and pronghorn antelope • Grazers have large, flat back teeth for chewing the coarse prairie grass • Buffalo have thick coats to survive winters; shed coats in spring • Badgers, prairie dogs, and owls burrow und ...
Ecology of Plants in the Tropics
Ecology of Plants in the Tropics

... may range from vines to scandent shrubs, sprawling shrubs, upright shrubs, and small trees; some plants will start as shrubs and later turn into vines, and some vines become shrubs if deprived of support to climb. There are ‘annual’ plants whose ‘year’ is 40 years long (e.g., sisal, Agave ), annual ...
Habitat and diet Did you know? What do they look like
Habitat and diet Did you know? What do they look like

... runs half-way down their body and a white belly. They weigh only a tiny 190-300grams but have been known to glide for up to 90 meters! ...
Bitternut Hickory
Bitternut Hickory

... It has virtually no disease or pest problems and grows rapidly. The lifespan of a bitternut hickory is moderate living to about 200 years. Native Americans use the oil of a bitternut hickory to mix with food for flavoring and also used the mashed nuts in bread and other foods. The fruit is so bitter ...
Plant Guide
Plant Guide

... This large variety was a very popular plant in post contact gardens. The new growth is pink. It is easily propagated from root suckers or cuttings. Native to Africa. The Koki`o Ke`oke`o is a tall shrub (10-25 ft. in height) with smooth gray bark. Each flower contains 5 long white oval-shaped (usuall ...
The tree behind the forest: ecological and economic importance of
The tree behind the forest: ecological and economic importance of

... them from the landscapes or simplifying the floristic composition and structure of traditional farming systems. In mountain areas, such as the western ghats, deforestation and the uncontrolled development of agriculture have induced an unprecedented risk of water dysfunctionning in the downstream co ...
Plant Health Care Recommendations for Redbud
Plant Health Care Recommendations for Redbud

... woodland or naturalized landscapes. It is also very desirable near houses since it is in scale with most one-story homes. Growth and flowering is best in full sun or light shade. When planted in the full sun, redbud must be watered regularly during periods of drought. Soils should be well drained, b ...
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Tree



In botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, supporting branches and leaves in most species. In some usages, the definition of a tree may be narrower, including only woody plants with secondary growth, plants that are usable as lumber or plants above a specified height. Trees are not a taxonomic group but include a variety of plant species that have independently evolved a woody trunk and branches as a way to tower above other plants to compete for sunlight. In looser senses, the taller palms, the tree ferns, bananas and bamboos are also trees. Trees tend to be long-lived, some reaching several thousand years old. The tallest known tree, a coast redwood named Hyperion, stands 115.6 m (379 ft) high. Trees have been in existence for 370 million years. It is estimated that there are just over 3 trillion mature trees in the world.A tree typically has many secondary branches supported clear of the ground by the trunk. This trunk typically contains woody tissue for strength, and vascular tissue to carry materials from one part of the tree to another. For most trees it is surrounded by a layer of bark which serves as a protective barrier. Below the ground, the roots branch and spread out widely; they serve to anchor the tree and extract moisture and nutrients from the soil. Above ground, the branches divide into smaller branches and shoots. The shoots typically bear leaves, which capture light energy and convert it into sugars by photosynthesis, providing the food for the tree's growth and development. Flowers and fruit may also be present, but some trees, such as conifers, instead have pollen cones and seed cones; others, such as tree ferns, produce spores instead.Trees play a significant role in reducing erosion and moderating the climate. They remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and store large quantities of carbon in their tissues. Trees and forests provide a habitat for many species of animals and plants. Tropical rainforests are one of the most biodiverse habitats in the world. Trees provide shade and shelter, timber for construction, fuel for cooking and heating, and fruit for food as well as having many other uses. In parts of the world, forests are shrinking as trees are cleared to increase the amount of land available for agriculture. Because of their longevity and usefulness, trees have always been revered and they play a role in many of the world's mythologies.
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