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Te Quest for Cognates: A Reconstruction of Oblique Subject
Te Quest for Cognates: A Reconstruction of Oblique Subject

... schematic dative subject construction for Proto-Indo-European, using the formalism of Signbased Construction Grammar. Te evidence presented here thus suggests that oblique subjects are inherited from an early proto-stage and do not represent an individual development in the Indo-European daughter la ...
Case Matching in Bavarian Relative Clauses: A
Case Matching in Bavarian Relative Clauses: A

... The discussion of examples (13) shows that conditions for omitting resumptive pronouns from sentences with free relative are exactly parallel to the case of omitted relative words in wo relative clauses: either case matching is required between the w-pronoun of the free relative and the omittable r ...
On the expression of TAM on nouns: Evidence from Tundra Nenets
On the expression of TAM on nouns: Evidence from Tundra Nenets

... or the time at which the predicate embedded within this NP is true. In the former analysis, it would be appropriate to categorize predestinatives as nominal mood because their distribution parallels the distribution of (dependent) verbal moods, in particular, subjunctive or irrealis. In the latter a ...
The Syntactic Operator se in Spanish
The Syntactic Operator se in Spanish

... on both the effect that se has over the syntactic realization of the verbal arguments, on the one hand, and on the agreement and case patterns of se constructions, I propose that, syntactically, there is one single lexical item se, and that is an operator that has two very defined functions. The fir ...
book 7 of caesar`s bellum gallicum
book 7 of caesar`s bellum gallicum

... Vercingetorix, the Arvernian, who was successful at finally uniting nearly all Gaul against the occupation. The book can be conveniently broken down into four distinct sections. Part 1 (Chapters 1-13) describes how the rebellion begins in central Gaul, with the Carnutes taking the active lead, and s ...
They are can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must
They are can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must

... modal auxiliaries (or "modals" for short). They are can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must, ought to, dare, need, used to. • Morphologically, modals have no non-finite forms, nor -s form for third person singular present tense. • Syntactically, modals can only be the initial elemen ...
Lenition of the Conjugated Prepositions in Irish and Welsh
Lenition of the Conjugated Prepositions in Irish and Welsh

... which means that the pronoun should go back to *mene4. However, this ending would have caused nasalisation, instead of lenition. For this reason, it is generally believed that the lenition observed after the 1sg form is caused by analogy with another, quite similar form in the paradigm of possessive ...
Resolving polysemy in verbs - Laboratorio di Linguistica
Resolving polysemy in verbs - Laboratorio di Linguistica

... word’s representation is linked to a set of contexts in which it occurs in a corpus. Context is typically represented as a feature vector, where each feature corresponds to some context element. The value of each feature is the frequency with which that element is encountered together with the targe ...
Nouns and Verbs in the Tagalog Mental Lexicon
Nouns and Verbs in the Tagalog Mental Lexicon

... are still typically marked as nouns in the sentence by a preceding particle, and there are nominal inflections. For English, inflections and derivations of the word bake include baker, baking, and unbaked. Inflections of the word create include creator, creative, creativity, and creation. But for Ta ...
Sanskrit signs and P¯an.inian scripts - Gallium
Sanskrit signs and P¯an.inian scripts - Gallium

... and their relation with computational devices, have been discussed in (Goyal et al., 2009). Finally, many rules specifying optional operations are non-deterministic in nature (with a long history of discussions on the optionally/preferably interpretations (Kiparsky, 1980)). These difficulties lead o ...
1. High school produces few students truly prepared for the zombie
1. High school produces few students truly prepared for the zombie

... 11. Unbeknownst to him, his diminutive foe also possesses a multi-pronged detonating device. 12. To run from danger, however, is not Dodger's style. 13. Emboldened by a daring born of his own innate stupidity, Dodgers pulls the fateful lever, blowing the planet into aludiumized bits. 14. Post-detona ...
The Syntactic Operator se in Spanish
The Syntactic Operator se in Spanish

... on both the effect that se has over the syntactic realization of the verbal arguments, on the  one  hand,  and  on  the  agreement  and  case  patterns  of  se  constructions,  I  propose  that,  syntactically,  there is one single lexical item se, and that is an operator that has two very  defined  ...
The South Caucasian languages - Friedrich-Schiller
The South Caucasian languages - Friedrich-Schiller

... ‘worm’) and t’q’ (mat’q’li ‘wool’), etc. have the same distribution: they occur e.g. before e and l, respectively, but while k’ occurs e.g. before l (mok’la ‘s/he.killed.him’), the nonharmonic cluster k’b (k’bili ‘tooth’) does not (k’bl-). Non-harmonic clusters are less natural in Georgian and tend ...
2016 Editorial Style Guide
2016 Editorial Style Guide

... Poppo ’15. When crediting an accomplishment to two or more alumni, list the name of the ...
The Coming and Going of `Lexical Prefixes` in Siraya
The Coming and Going of `Lexical Prefixes` in Siraya

... -ay (=undergoer-oriented) (irrealis also includes notions like subjunctive and future). The post-clitic -ato (-lato after an irrealis suffix) sometimes seems to indicate perfective aspect, but at other times it indicates emphasis. As I claim in this paper, there are also three verbal ‘orientation pr ...
General Tone
General Tone

... 20. Proofread: Read your paper several times before you turn it in. ▪ If you cannot stand to read it, why would anyone else feel differently? ...
Verbs in spoken sentence processing Goede, Dieuwke de
Verbs in spoken sentence processing Goede, Dieuwke de

... the different constituents in a sentence and to reach the correct interpretation of the sentence. This relation between the verb and its arguments appears in virtually all linguistic theories, including non-transformational lexical theories, like Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar (Pollard & Sag, ...
HOW TO IDENTIFY THE FUNCTION OF PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE
HOW TO IDENTIFY THE FUNCTION OF PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE

... Preposition has a very important role in making sentences. It seems that preposition is just a simple word because it can be one word, two words, or more. However, when the speaker or writer does not pay attention to it, he or she will make an incorrect sentence. When preposition is followed by the ...
`Genitive Absolute` in New Testament/Hellenistic Greek
`Genitive Absolute` in New Testament/Hellenistic Greek

... Hellenistic Greek.25 Instead of having one main verb with other actions around it all subordinated in participles, the tendency was to start giving each action its own independent clause, more like what is usually done today in English. An initial stage in this process could be to distance certain a ...
Here - Confident Grammar
Here - Confident Grammar

... The scientist’s comments were taken seriously. (one scientist) The scientists’ comments were taken seriously. (more than one scientist) Tip: There is a special exception with singular names ending in s. There is one exception with singular possessive nouns. According to the rules you know that singu ...
Inside and Outside the Middle - The University of British Columbia
Inside and Outside the Middle - The University of British Columbia

... development. Roots that are historically nouns or verbs lose their original core meaning as they turn into grammatical morphemes. Nevertheless, the suffix -m stands out in Halqamin:nD as being particularly multifunctional. 2 It is ubiquitous both in the number of forms it occurs on and the number of ...
Basic English Grammar , Book 1
Basic English Grammar , Book 1

... Younger students at beginning to intermediate levels will greatly benefit from this step-by-step approach to English grammar basics. This is the ideal supplement to your language arts program whether your students are native English speakers or beginning English language learners. ...
Pronouns
Pronouns

... Mary’s legs will be sore tomorrow. (When will her legs be sore?) Mary’s family waited for her there. (Where did they wait?) She was very relieved to have a few days of rest. (To what extent?) ...
How to label accent position in spontaneous speech boundary labels.
How to label accent position in spontaneous speech boundary labels.

... [Bat88b, Bat88a], on the other hand, there is some overlap with emphasis or the marking of the emotional state of the speaker. Contrast can be sort of implicit in a neutral reading as well but is most typically conceived of as explicit as in the examples given in the table. Boundaries structure spee ...
Nominal Clause - colliertech.org
Nominal Clause - colliertech.org

... 'dislocated' to a position outside of the clause where it fills discourse role (such as topic or focus) rather than an argument or thematic role (such as subject, object, or oblique). It is linked or bound to a rābiṭ-pronoun occupying an object or oblique position within the report constituent: ...
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Old Irish grammar

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