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External Anatomy of Insects: The Exoskeleton, Head
External Anatomy of Insects: The Exoskeleton, Head

... anterior to posterior, the prothorax, mesothorax, and metathorax. The meso- and metathoraces are fused rigidly to form an inflexible box housing the flight muscles and bearing the two pairs of wings. Together they are referred to as the pterothorax in reference to the wings they bear (pter = wing). ...
Health Implications of a Vegetarian Diet: A Review
Health Implications of a Vegetarian Diet: A Review

... Abstract: There is now a significant amount of research that demonstrates the health benefits of vegetarian and plant-based diets, which have been associated with a reduced risk of obesity, diabetes, heart disease, and some types of cancer as well as increased longevity. Vegetarian diets are typical ...
Anterior abdominal wall and hernias (2)
Anterior abdominal wall and hernias (2)

... Internal Surface of the Anterolateral Abdominal Wall The posterior surface of the anterolateral abdominal wall is ...
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Anterolateral Abdominal Wall And

... Internal Surface of the Anterolateral Abdominal Wall The posterior surface of the anterolateral abdominal wall is ...
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peritoneal cavity

... Ascites Is an excessive accumulation of peritoneal fluid within the peritoneal cavity. In a thin patient, as much as 1500 ml has to accumulate before ascites can be recognized clinically. In obese individuals, a far greater amount has to collect before it can be detected. ...
Comparing an Olive Oil-Enriched Diet to a Standard Lower
Comparing an Olive Oil-Enriched Diet to a Standard Lower

... unwillingness to follow the protocol. Three women dropped out because of prescribed changes in their lipid-lowering medicines, and 1 had an unscheduled vacation. Baseline characteristics of those completing both diets are presented in Table 1. Twenty-five of the 28 women qualified by BMI. The 3 wome ...
Neck(1)
Neck(1)

... opens into the laryngopharynx above and is continuous with the trachea below. It is primarily a sphincter which is able to separate the respiratory from the alimentary tract and its adaptation for phonation is a secondary feature. It consists of a skeleton of cartilages and membranes built around th ...
One-Day 7000-Calorie Menu Project
One-Day 7000-Calorie Menu Project

... based the buckwheat crepe off of the portables that are listed in The Feed Zone Cookbook and based the breakfast off of the videos that the Sky racing team produced. I tied all of this in with Dale’s macronutrient needs at each stage of his day. For the after race snack and dinner, I used foods that ...
Increasing Whole Grain Intake as Part of Prevention and Treatment
Increasing Whole Grain Intake as Part of Prevention and Treatment

... female subjects as they had higher baseline IL-6 concentrations [59]. However, most other studies that have examined inflammation parameters have not found significant differences between refined grain versus whole grain consumption ...
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ENTOMO FARMS Chitin, Chitosan and Chitin

... Chitin, Chitosan and Chitin-Oligosaccharide Assessment and Potential Marketing Role of Fiber and Oligosaccharides in Human Health Fiber is an underappreciated component in both modern and ancestral diets, yet the gut microbiota and its vast implications for health have clearly emerged in the last 10 ...
Nutritional Strategy for Adolescents Undergoing
Nutritional Strategy for Adolescents Undergoing

... Cincinnati, OH, the §Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus OH, the jjJohns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, and the ôSeattle Children’s Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, WA. Address correspondence and reprint requests to David Suskind, MD ...
Serum Folate and Risk of Fatal Coronary Heart Disease - Animi-3
Serum Folate and Risk of Fatal Coronary Heart Disease - Animi-3

... cohort was derived from a national nu¬ tritional survey. Previous studies of fo¬ late examined white men4 and the elder¬ ly.5 The current study noted significant associations between serum folate level and fatal CHD in both men and women. It did not rely on indirect measures of an intermediate healt ...
Chapter 6: Managing Weight and Body Composition
Chapter 6: Managing Weight and Body Composition

... ody composition, or the ratio of body fat to lean body tissue, needs to be taken into account when assessing weight. Diet and fitness affect a person’s body composition. For example, a weight-lifting program will increase muscle mass. A high-calorie diet can increase the amount of stored body fat. ...
understanding healthy fats - Integrative Family Medicine of Asheville
understanding healthy fats - Integrative Family Medicine of Asheville

... Lignans may also reduce inflammation in the body Using ground flax meal or grinding flaxseeds in a coffee grinder is necessary to make omega-3s available to our bodies Do not cook with flax seed oil, as subjecting it to heat produces oxidated by-products that may be harmful For ideas on how to incor ...
Health benefits of dietary fiber
Health benefits of dietary fiber

... meta-analyses recently assessed the effects of fiber intake on blood pressure. A meta-analysis of the effects of fiber supplements on blood pressure in RCTs reported that the effects of fiber supplements averaging 11.5 g/day were modest, with decreases in systolic blood pressure of 1.1 mm Hg and diastolic ...
High-Protein Diets and Weight Loss
High-Protein Diets and Weight Loss

... incidence of chronic disease. To date, only a few studies have been conducted. 14 Preliminary research published in 2012 in Nutrition & Metabolism found that eating higher amounts of high-quality protein (milk, eggs, and beef) was associated with a lower percentage of central abdominal fat. This inv ...
Benefits of moderate-intensity exercise during a calorie
Benefits of moderate-intensity exercise during a calorie

... moderate-intensity physical activity on most days (≥ 5 days) of the week6. However, exercise at the level in this study significantly increased participants’ VO2max, reduced lung age and therefore improved their cardiorespiratory fitness. Lung age above the chronological age of an individual is an i ...
The DASH Diet - HealthyInfo.Com
The DASH Diet - HealthyInfo.Com

... ** If your systolic and diastolic pressures fall into different categories, your overall status is the higher category. ...
Nutritional Content of Organic Prickly Pads
Nutritional Content of Organic Prickly Pads

... health care maintaining. This requires the use of the best available scientific evidence nutraceutical properties to achieve the goals an expertise team who plays the leading role in providing nutrition in order to prevent degenerative disease such as diabetes (Luo et al., 2010; Musabayane, 2012). D ...
Appetite control: the role of the gastrointestinal tract
Appetite control: the role of the gastrointestinal tract

... those seen in the physiological state after meals, the effect small ...
High-Fructose Corn Syrup Tammy Morey Metropolitan State
High-Fructose Corn Syrup Tammy Morey Metropolitan State

... metabolized. The main difference between sucrose and HFCS is that about 3% of high-fructose corn syrup is made up of an additional carbohydrate which is usually maltose or maltotriose. 1, 8 The other difference is that occasionally HFCS has a higher amount of fructose than what is found in sucrose f ...
Guide to U.S. and Canadian Nutrition Labeling Regulations
Guide to U.S. and Canadian Nutrition Labeling Regulations

... • Total dietary fiber is included as part of total carbohydrate. Total carbohydrate is calculated by subtraction of the sum of crude protein, total fat, moisture, and ash from the total weight of the food. • Calories can be calculated using the general factors of 4, 4, and 9 calories per gram for pr ...
Publications - Australian diet quality index project
Publications - Australian diet quality index project

... advocated by national dietary guidelines. This is an important area of difference from other dietary pattern analyses, such as factor analysis, because it provides an ‘a priori’ analysis (it is determined in advance what a ‘healthy’ or ‘good’ diet is). In contrast, factor analysis bases dietary patt ...
Consumption of high-fructose corn syrup in beverages may play a
Consumption of high-fructose corn syrup in beverages may play a

... in lactate and a small (1.7%) increase in diet-induced thermogenesis (17), which again suggests that glucose and fructose have different metabolic effects. Insulin and leptin Insulin release can modulate food intake by at least 2 mechanisms. First, Schwartz et al (18) have argued that insulin concen ...
Estimation of the diet-dependent net acid load in 229 worldwide
Estimation of the diet-dependent net acid load in 229 worldwide

... In the estimation of the essential factors (A), (B), and (C) of the NEAP algorithm described in the section above, we followed the methods published by Sebastian et al (26). According to these methods, the diet database for calculation of the NEAP for a given P:A energy ratio included 53 food items ...
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Abdominal obesity



Abdominal obesity, also known as beer belly, beer gut, pot belly, front butt, spare tyre or clinically as central obesity, is when excessive abdominal fat around the stomach and abdomen has built up to the extent that it is likely to have a negative impact on health. There is a strong correlation between central obesity and cardiovascular disease. Abdominal obesity is not confined only to the elderly and obese subjects. Abdominal obesity has been linked to Alzheimer's disease as well as other metabolic and vascular diseases.Visceral and central abdominal fat and waist circumference show a strong association with type 2 diabetes.Visceral fat, also known as organ fat or intra-abdominal fat, is located inside the peritoneal cavity, packed in between internal organs and torso, as opposed to subcutaneous fat‚ which is found underneath the skin, and intramuscular fat‚ which is found interspersed in skeletal muscle. Visceral fat is composed of several adipose depots including mesenteric, epididymal white adipose tissue (EWAT) and perirenal fat. An excess of visceral fat is known as central obesity, the ""pot belly"" or ""beer belly"" effect, in which the abdomen protrudes excessively. This body type is also known as ""apple shaped‚"" as opposed to ""pear shaped‚"" in which fat is deposited on the hips and buttocks.Researchers first started to focus on abdominal obesity in the 1980s when they realized that it had an important connection to cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Abdominal obesity was more closely related with metabolic dysfunctions connected with cardiovascular disease than was general obesity. In the late 1980s and early 1990s insightful and powerful imaging techniques were discovered that would further help advance the understanding of the health risks associated with body fat accumulation. Techniques such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging made it possible to categorize mass of adipose tissue located at the abdominal level into intra-abdominal fat and subcutaneous fat.
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