Report 2
... Crucial predictions of the semantic somatotopy model is that perception of spoken or written action words should activate cortical areas involved in action control and execution in a category-specific somatotopic fashion, depending on the semantics of the action words. As the cortical areas of actio ...
... Crucial predictions of the semantic somatotopy model is that perception of spoken or written action words should activate cortical areas involved in action control and execution in a category-specific somatotopic fashion, depending on the semantics of the action words. As the cortical areas of actio ...
Nerve Growth Factor: Cellular localization and regulation of synthesis
... among them epithelial cells, smooth musd e cells, tibroblasts, and Schwann cells. 3. The temporal correlation between the growth of trigeminal sensory tibers ioto the whisker pad of the mouse and the commencement of NGF synthesis initially suggested a causal relationsh ip between these two events. H ...
... among them epithelial cells, smooth musd e cells, tibroblasts, and Schwann cells. 3. The temporal correlation between the growth of trigeminal sensory tibers ioto the whisker pad of the mouse and the commencement of NGF synthesis initially suggested a causal relationsh ip between these two events. H ...
Synaptic Inputs to Stellate Cells in the Ventral Cochlear Nucleus
... Although it is clear that T stellate cells transform the ‘‘primary-like’’ firing patterns of auditory nerve fibers to chopper patterns that are different, it is not at all clear what the brain accomplishes in making that transformation. To gain a better understanding of the integrative processes tha ...
... Although it is clear that T stellate cells transform the ‘‘primary-like’’ firing patterns of auditory nerve fibers to chopper patterns that are different, it is not at all clear what the brain accomplishes in making that transformation. To gain a better understanding of the integrative processes tha ...
Axonal Localization of Integrins in the CNS Is Neuronal Type and
... The regenerative ability of CNS axons decreases with age, however, this ability remains largely intact in PNS axons throughout adulthood. These differences are likely to correspond with agerelated silencing of proteins necessary for axon growth and elongation. In previous studies, it has been shown ...
... The regenerative ability of CNS axons decreases with age, however, this ability remains largely intact in PNS axons throughout adulthood. These differences are likely to correspond with agerelated silencing of proteins necessary for axon growth and elongation. In previous studies, it has been shown ...
connect_review_20150316 - Royal Holloway, University of London
... functionally-defined brain areas in human occipitotemporal cortex, usually localized using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). These “category-sensitive” areas are typically inferred to be specialized for processing their preferred visual categories (i.e., they are domain specific or modul ...
... functionally-defined brain areas in human occipitotemporal cortex, usually localized using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). These “category-sensitive” areas are typically inferred to be specialized for processing their preferred visual categories (i.e., they are domain specific or modul ...
Central Topography of Cranial Motor Nuclei Controlled by
... expressed cadherin-11, whereas three nuclei expressed cadherin-6b and two nuclei expressed cadherin-8 and/or cadherin-13. cadherin-22 was expressed in only the ventral facial nucleus, and cadherin-20 was expressed in only the dorsal facial nucleus. Overall, each nucleus was defined by a unique combi ...
... expressed cadherin-11, whereas three nuclei expressed cadherin-6b and two nuclei expressed cadherin-8 and/or cadherin-13. cadherin-22 was expressed in only the ventral facial nucleus, and cadherin-20 was expressed in only the dorsal facial nucleus. Overall, each nucleus was defined by a unique combi ...
Visual Stimulation Regulates the Expression of Transcription Factors
... et al., 1991). It has been shown recently that the composition of the AP-1 complex is different in various physiological situations and that even closely related members of the same family may contribute to quite distinct biological phenomena (Hope et al., 1994; Kaminska et al., 1994; Kasof et al., ...
... et al., 1991). It has been shown recently that the composition of the AP-1 complex is different in various physiological situations and that even closely related members of the same family may contribute to quite distinct biological phenomena (Hope et al., 1994; Kaminska et al., 1994; Kasof et al., ...
Local network regulation of orexin neurons in the lateral hypothalamus
... MCH neurons that induces a slow depolarization mediated by Na⫹/Ca2⫹ exchanger and potentiation of NMDA currents (57). Thus, somewhat akin to orexin neurons, MCH neurons are regulated by a balance between excitatory (orexins and glutamate) and inhibitory (dynorphin and N/OFQ) neurotransmitters origin ...
... MCH neurons that induces a slow depolarization mediated by Na⫹/Ca2⫹ exchanger and potentiation of NMDA currents (57). Thus, somewhat akin to orexin neurons, MCH neurons are regulated by a balance between excitatory (orexins and glutamate) and inhibitory (dynorphin and N/OFQ) neurotransmitters origin ...
During Arm-Reaching and Isometric-Force Tasks
... the activity of many M1 neurons was modulated both by the direction in which the arm was pulled by the external forces and by the direction of movement and the static posture of the arm during unloaded arm movements. Furthermore, the directionality of arm movement– dependent and load-dependent respo ...
... the activity of many M1 neurons was modulated both by the direction in which the arm was pulled by the external forces and by the direction of movement and the static posture of the arm during unloaded arm movements. Furthermore, the directionality of arm movement– dependent and load-dependent respo ...
Expanding Our Understanding of Central Sensitization
... What is responsible for the translation of local injury with acute pain into a chronic pain state? Why does some pain respond to anti-inflammatory drugs, whereas other types require opiates? Pain is a complex process involving both the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and the central nervous system ( ...
... What is responsible for the translation of local injury with acute pain into a chronic pain state? Why does some pain respond to anti-inflammatory drugs, whereas other types require opiates? Pain is a complex process involving both the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and the central nervous system ( ...
Chapter 14a - Dr. Jerry Cronin
... Sensory Pathways Posterior Column Pathway Sensory homunculus Functional map of the primary sensory cortex Distortions occur because area of sensory cortex devoted to particular body region is not proportional to region’s size, but to number of sensory receptors it contains ...
... Sensory Pathways Posterior Column Pathway Sensory homunculus Functional map of the primary sensory cortex Distortions occur because area of sensory cortex devoted to particular body region is not proportional to region’s size, but to number of sensory receptors it contains ...
Membrane Potential Fluctuations in Neural Integrator
... awake goldfish to temporally resolve individual excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs). We discovered that the EPSP rate increases with average membrane potential and eye position. The EPSPs also form a frothy fluctuation that constitutes a significant fraction of the total membrane voltage. Thi ...
... awake goldfish to temporally resolve individual excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs). We discovered that the EPSP rate increases with average membrane potential and eye position. The EPSPs also form a frothy fluctuation that constitutes a significant fraction of the total membrane voltage. Thi ...
Identification of the Neuropeptide Transmitter Proctolin in Drosophila
... recovered from the CNS, hindgut, and segmentalbodywall musculature of larvae using reverse-phaseHPLC and was characterized bv bioassav. immunoassav. and enzvmatic analvsis. Using immunocytochemistry, we found the peptide is expressed by a smalland highly conservedpopulation of individually identifia ...
... recovered from the CNS, hindgut, and segmentalbodywall musculature of larvae using reverse-phaseHPLC and was characterized bv bioassav. immunoassav. and enzvmatic analvsis. Using immunocytochemistry, we found the peptide is expressed by a smalland highly conservedpopulation of individually identifia ...
PDF - Bentham Open
... The source of noise may come from the sensory signal, the transfer function or the output element. For simplicity, without loss of generality, since most noises are additive, we will collapse these noise sources into a single noise term in the output element, y(t) , in Eqs. 6 and 8. For non-additive ...
... The source of noise may come from the sensory signal, the transfer function or the output element. For simplicity, without loss of generality, since most noises are additive, we will collapse these noise sources into a single noise term in the output element, y(t) , in Eqs. 6 and 8. For non-additive ...
Neurochemical organization of chimpanzee inferior pulvinar complex
... Povinelli, 2000). These studies make it clear that although humans share many features of brain organization and function with apes and monkeys, there are important differences as well. Documenting the patterns of similarities and difference is essential for understanding how results derived from no ...
... Povinelli, 2000). These studies make it clear that although humans share many features of brain organization and function with apes and monkeys, there are important differences as well. Documenting the patterns of similarities and difference is essential for understanding how results derived from no ...
2 m – 21. I, II, III, IV, VI, VIII pairs of cranial nerves
... the route of the olfactory nerve represents a potential site for an infection to track towards the brain. Injury of this nerve can lead to 'anosmia', or loss of smell. The olfactory organ in dogs is extremely well developed and species such as canines use olfaction to orientate themselves in an envi ...
... the route of the olfactory nerve represents a potential site for an infection to track towards the brain. Injury of this nerve can lead to 'anosmia', or loss of smell. The olfactory organ in dogs is extremely well developed and species such as canines use olfaction to orientate themselves in an envi ...
The Biology of Mind - American International School
... small samples of brain tissue from a human and a monkey. This similarity allows researchers to study relatively simple animals, such as squids and sea slugs, to discover how our neural systems operate. It allows them to study other mammals’ brains to understand the organization of our own. Cars diff ...
... small samples of brain tissue from a human and a monkey. This similarity allows researchers to study relatively simple animals, such as squids and sea slugs, to discover how our neural systems operate. It allows them to study other mammals’ brains to understand the organization of our own. Cars diff ...
The seasonal hippocampus of food-storing birds.
... time with a cell-birth marker such as tritiated thymidine or bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU). Cell-birth markers are incorporated into the nucleus of dividing cells during the S-phase of mitosis and the marker can later be detected by autoradiography or immunocytochemistry. In Barnea and Nottebohm’s study, ...
... time with a cell-birth marker such as tritiated thymidine or bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU). Cell-birth markers are incorporated into the nucleus of dividing cells during the S-phase of mitosis and the marker can later be detected by autoradiography or immunocytochemistry. In Barnea and Nottebohm’s study, ...
Can regenerating axons recapitulate developmental
... myelin sheaths between central and peripheral compartments explain much of this difference in regenerative ability. Peripheral myelin is produced by Schwann cells, whereas central myelin is produced by oligodendrocytes. Myelinassociated inhibitors (MAIs) are proteins expressed on oligodendrocyte sur ...
... myelin sheaths between central and peripheral compartments explain much of this difference in regenerative ability. Peripheral myelin is produced by Schwann cells, whereas central myelin is produced by oligodendrocytes. Myelinassociated inhibitors (MAIs) are proteins expressed on oligodendrocyte sur ...
Selective attention through selective neuronal synchronization
... gamma-band synchronization can also be dissociated from each other and this can be found primarily when firing rate changes are not driven by changes in bottom-up input (e.g. stimulus changes), but rather by changes in top-down input (e.g. attention or stimulus selection) (Fries, Schröder, Roelfsema ...
... gamma-band synchronization can also be dissociated from each other and this can be found primarily when firing rate changes are not driven by changes in bottom-up input (e.g. stimulus changes), but rather by changes in top-down input (e.g. attention or stimulus selection) (Fries, Schröder, Roelfsema ...
Nervous and Endocrine Systems
... endocrine system also helps regulate homeostatic functions, such as body temperature and blood chemistry. For example, as the day gradually warms, your endocrine system responds by releasing chemicals that stimulate sweat glands. The change in the temperature over the course of a day is slow so you ...
... endocrine system also helps regulate homeostatic functions, such as body temperature and blood chemistry. For example, as the day gradually warms, your endocrine system responds by releasing chemicals that stimulate sweat glands. The change in the temperature over the course of a day is slow so you ...
The limbic system. A maze on the essentials: memory, learning and
... The limbic system is a set of nuclear structures located in medial regions both cerebral hemispheres and with numerous connections between them and other areas of the central nervous system and the rest of the body. In 1878, Paul Broca described, for the first time, a ring-shaped area that connected ...
... The limbic system is a set of nuclear structures located in medial regions both cerebral hemispheres and with numerous connections between them and other areas of the central nervous system and the rest of the body. In 1878, Paul Broca described, for the first time, a ring-shaped area that connected ...
CHAPTER 3 Neuroscience and Behavior
... neural functioning (Uylings & Vrije, 2002; Fields, 2004; Kettenmann & Ransom, 2005). In contrast to most other cells, however, neurons have a distinctive feature: the ability to communicate with other cells and transmit information across relatively long distances. Many of the body’s neurons receive ...
... neural functioning (Uylings & Vrije, 2002; Fields, 2004; Kettenmann & Ransom, 2005). In contrast to most other cells, however, neurons have a distinctive feature: the ability to communicate with other cells and transmit information across relatively long distances. Many of the body’s neurons receive ...
Development of the Nervous System of Carinina ochracea
... could be identified at each stage. Only signals that were consistent in several larvae are documented (Table 1). In many larvae, bilaterally occurring neural structures seem to display immunoreactivity slightly earlier on one side of the body than on the other. Cross reactivity of antibodies was not ...
... could be identified at each stage. Only signals that were consistent in several larvae are documented (Table 1). In many larvae, bilaterally occurring neural structures seem to display immunoreactivity slightly earlier on one side of the body than on the other. Cross reactivity of antibodies was not ...
Changes of Synaptic Density in the Primary Visual Cortex of the
... We also compared the three different calibration grids utilized throughout this entire study by making a series of electron micrographs on the same day and found no significant deformation between the oldest and the newest ones. No attempt was made to estimate the degree of shrinkage from exposure t ...
... We also compared the three different calibration grids utilized throughout this entire study by making a series of electron micrographs on the same day and found no significant deformation between the oldest and the newest ones. No attempt was made to estimate the degree of shrinkage from exposure t ...