Fast Network Oscillations in the Hippocampal CA1
... The findings of the present experiments indicate that fast oscillatory waves (100 –200 Hz) in the hippocampal CA1 region can be induced by two different mechanisms. We suggest that fast ripples (180 Hz) emerge in the CA1 region, whereas the rhythm with a 110 Hz peak reflects a CA3 region-induced osc ...
... The findings of the present experiments indicate that fast oscillatory waves (100 –200 Hz) in the hippocampal CA1 region can be induced by two different mechanisms. We suggest that fast ripples (180 Hz) emerge in the CA1 region, whereas the rhythm with a 110 Hz peak reflects a CA3 region-induced osc ...
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... nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system. In general, the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems have opposite effects on each organ they influence. The two systems produce a level of fine control that coordinates organs throughout the body. For example, heart rate is increased by the ...
... nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system. In general, the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems have opposite effects on each organ they influence. The two systems produce a level of fine control that coordinates organs throughout the body. For example, heart rate is increased by the ...
The Switch of Subthalamic Neurons From an Irregular to a Bursting
... state, comparisons of basal and drug-induced firing rates of the same cells were performed using Student’s t tests for paired data. Comparisons of absolute firing rates computed in each vigilance state were performed using ANOVA with the vigilance state as a factor. Percent variations of drug-induce ...
... state, comparisons of basal and drug-induced firing rates of the same cells were performed using Student’s t tests for paired data. Comparisons of absolute firing rates computed in each vigilance state were performed using ANOVA with the vigilance state as a factor. Percent variations of drug-induce ...
Odor and nutrition - ernährungs umschau
... an anatomic chemosensory organ of many vertebrates in which vomeronasal type receptors (VNR) are being expressed. The VNO is relevant for the perception of social cues, such as pheromones. In humans, however, there is no functional VNO. ...
... an anatomic chemosensory organ of many vertebrates in which vomeronasal type receptors (VNR) are being expressed. The VNO is relevant for the perception of social cues, such as pheromones. In humans, however, there is no functional VNO. ...
A hitchhiker`s guide to the nervous system: the - IGMM
... Axonal retrograde transport also allows peripheral signals to be translated into nuclear responses. For example, receptors that are activated by target‑derived neurotrophins during development create ‘signalling endosomes’, which contain neurotrophin receptor complexes as well as downstream‑activate ...
... Axonal retrograde transport also allows peripheral signals to be translated into nuclear responses. For example, receptors that are activated by target‑derived neurotrophins during development create ‘signalling endosomes’, which contain neurotrophin receptor complexes as well as downstream‑activate ...
Postnatal Development of the Corticospinal Tract in the Reeler Mouse
... of the animals used in the present DiI study were as follows: 2 normal and 4 reeler on P0.5, 3 normal and 5 reeler on P1, 2 normal and 2 reeler on P2, 2 normal and 3 reeler on P3, 3 normal and 3 reeler on P4, 3 normal and 4 reeler on P5, 3 normal and 4 reeler on P7, 2 normal and 4 reeler on P9/ P10. ...
... of the animals used in the present DiI study were as follows: 2 normal and 4 reeler on P0.5, 3 normal and 5 reeler on P1, 2 normal and 2 reeler on P2, 2 normal and 3 reeler on P3, 3 normal and 3 reeler on P4, 3 normal and 4 reeler on P5, 3 normal and 4 reeler on P7, 2 normal and 4 reeler on P9/ P10. ...
Chapter 2 - Monsignor Farrell High School
... Figure 2.2 (continued) The Neural Impulse Action Potential In the graph below, voltage readings are shown at a given place on the neuron over a period of 20 or 30 milliseconds (thousandths of a second). At first the cell is resting; it then reaches threshold and an action potential is triggered. Af ...
... Figure 2.2 (continued) The Neural Impulse Action Potential In the graph below, voltage readings are shown at a given place on the neuron over a period of 20 or 30 milliseconds (thousandths of a second). At first the cell is resting; it then reaches threshold and an action potential is triggered. Af ...
Common and specific inhibitory motor neurons innervate
... revealed terminals on M60 (N=7). One has to be careful, though, to interpret this as common inhibitory innervation since a DUM neuron that supplies both muscles was described previously (Bräunig, 1997). In six preparations this DUM neuron, termed DUM1B, with its soma located in the mesothoracic gang ...
... revealed terminals on M60 (N=7). One has to be careful, though, to interpret this as common inhibitory innervation since a DUM neuron that supplies both muscles was described previously (Bräunig, 1997). In six preparations this DUM neuron, termed DUM1B, with its soma located in the mesothoracic gang ...
The Nervous System
... Processes sensory information and integrates with past experience to produce appropriate motor response. ...
... Processes sensory information and integrates with past experience to produce appropriate motor response. ...
Brain Part
... Then draw a simple nerve pathway that involves three neurons (with cell parts labeled), and track (on your diagram) the transmission of a nerve impulse throughout this pathway. ...
... Then draw a simple nerve pathway that involves three neurons (with cell parts labeled), and track (on your diagram) the transmission of a nerve impulse throughout this pathway. ...
The cerebrocerebellar system: anatomic substrates of the cerebellar
... The contribution of the cerebellum to the modulation of cognition and emotion is facilitated by the connections between the cerebellum and brain structures known to be associated with a wide array of non-motor behaviors. The cerebellum has interconnections with brainstem and thalamic reticular syste ...
... The contribution of the cerebellum to the modulation of cognition and emotion is facilitated by the connections between the cerebellum and brain structures known to be associated with a wide array of non-motor behaviors. The cerebellum has interconnections with brainstem and thalamic reticular syste ...
Human Reflexes Introductory Reading and
... Reflex testing is an important diagnostic tool for assessing the condition of the nervous system. Distorted, exaggerated, or reflexes that are absent may indicate degeneration or pathology of portions of the nervous system, often before other signs are apparent. If the spinal cord is damaged, then r ...
... Reflex testing is an important diagnostic tool for assessing the condition of the nervous system. Distorted, exaggerated, or reflexes that are absent may indicate degeneration or pathology of portions of the nervous system, often before other signs are apparent. If the spinal cord is damaged, then r ...
The Control of Rate and Timing of Spikes in the Deep Cerebellar
... An intermediate level of input synchronization consisted of 100 groups of 4 synchronized elements. In the condition without input synchronization, all 400 input elements were activated independently. A second parameter that we manipulated was the total amplitude of Gin plus Gex by multiplying both G ...
... An intermediate level of input synchronization consisted of 100 groups of 4 synchronized elements. In the condition without input synchronization, all 400 input elements were activated independently. A second parameter that we manipulated was the total amplitude of Gin plus Gex by multiplying both G ...
BNG/Briefing 18 - British Society for Neuroendocrinology
... induce puberty. These cells do this by secreting a small hormone, gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH), which stimulates the production and release of gonadotrophin hormones. This tiny number of GnRH-producing neurons, holds the key to puberty. If, during brain development, the GnRH neurons fail t ...
... induce puberty. These cells do this by secreting a small hormone, gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH), which stimulates the production and release of gonadotrophin hormones. This tiny number of GnRH-producing neurons, holds the key to puberty. If, during brain development, the GnRH neurons fail t ...
neurons that transmit messages from sensory receptors
... cells that nourish and insulate neurons, direct their growth, and remove waste products from the nervous system ...
... cells that nourish and insulate neurons, direct their growth, and remove waste products from the nervous system ...
Chapter 8 The Nervous System
... Inward movement of Na+ depolarizes the membrane by making the inside more positive than the outside at the stimulated point; this depolarization is a nerve impulse (action potential) The stimulated section of membrane immediately repolarizes, but by that time, the depolarization has already triggere ...
... Inward movement of Na+ depolarizes the membrane by making the inside more positive than the outside at the stimulated point; this depolarization is a nerve impulse (action potential) The stimulated section of membrane immediately repolarizes, but by that time, the depolarization has already triggere ...
read - StarkeyPro
... be informed that their baby’s auditory capacity or speech, language, and communication development cannot be predicted on the basis of the initial evaluation. Ongoing monitoring of their infant’s auditory, speech, language, communication, and general development is essential. Families should be made ...
... be informed that their baby’s auditory capacity or speech, language, and communication development cannot be predicted on the basis of the initial evaluation. Ongoing monitoring of their infant’s auditory, speech, language, communication, and general development is essential. Families should be made ...
No Slide Title
... Figure 19-2 Basal ganglia and surrounding structures, as seen in coronal sections. The ansa lenticularis is an output bundle leaving the globus pallidus (see Fig. 19-15). A, anterior nucleus (of the thalamus); Am, amygdala; CCb, body of the corpus callosum; D, dorsomedial nucleus; HC, hippocampus; I ...
... Figure 19-2 Basal ganglia and surrounding structures, as seen in coronal sections. The ansa lenticularis is an output bundle leaving the globus pallidus (see Fig. 19-15). A, anterior nucleus (of the thalamus); Am, amygdala; CCb, body of the corpus callosum; D, dorsomedial nucleus; HC, hippocampus; I ...
Dexamethasone Rapidly Increases GABA Release in the Dorsal
... contained 140 mM Cs+. C. Cumulative frequency plots of the inter-event interval distribution for mIPSCs before and after application of DEX for the recording in A and B. A significant effect of DEX was detected in this cell using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K–S) test (P<0.05). D. Change in mIPSC frequen ...
... contained 140 mM Cs+. C. Cumulative frequency plots of the inter-event interval distribution for mIPSCs before and after application of DEX for the recording in A and B. A significant effect of DEX was detected in this cell using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K–S) test (P<0.05). D. Change in mIPSC frequen ...
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... are equally indifferent to what goes on in the visual system – at least, until some aspect of reading goes wrong and language-based theories fail to provide totally convincing explanations. Recent work, however, has brought visual factors back into the research spotlight and is promoting a more bala ...
... are equally indifferent to what goes on in the visual system – at least, until some aspect of reading goes wrong and language-based theories fail to provide totally convincing explanations. Recent work, however, has brought visual factors back into the research spotlight and is promoting a more bala ...
Dopaminergic Transmission and Wake
... eliciting self-administration (Ritz et al. 1987). Similarly, a comparison of the potencies of inhibitors of dopamine and noradrenaline reuptake in inducing wakefulness in normal and narcoleptic canines revealed a correlation between the in vitro binding affinity for DAT but not the noradrenaline tran ...
... eliciting self-administration (Ritz et al. 1987). Similarly, a comparison of the potencies of inhibitors of dopamine and noradrenaline reuptake in inducing wakefulness in normal and narcoleptic canines revealed a correlation between the in vitro binding affinity for DAT but not the noradrenaline tran ...
The Basal Ganglia and Involuntary Movements
... and excessive disinhibition of motor cortical areas. This would be reflected as enhanced facilitation and possibly expansion of the “center” of the present centersurround model (Figure 1). An alternative scheme, based on reduced dopamine D2 receptor binding in the striatum in dystonic monkeys and in ...
... and excessive disinhibition of motor cortical areas. This would be reflected as enhanced facilitation and possibly expansion of the “center” of the present centersurround model (Figure 1). An alternative scheme, based on reduced dopamine D2 receptor binding in the striatum in dystonic monkeys and in ...
MIRROR NEURON FUNCTION: AN EXAMINATION OF
... 2008). This is the form of empathy behind experiencing sensory pain when observing an individual who is experiencing a type of pain. A matching sensory experience is suggested to be the response of activation of the MNS during observation, as well as during the immediate experience of the pain (Aven ...
... 2008). This is the form of empathy behind experiencing sensory pain when observing an individual who is experiencing a type of pain. A matching sensory experience is suggested to be the response of activation of the MNS during observation, as well as during the immediate experience of the pain (Aven ...
Noise in Neurons and Other Constraints
... much less than any computer of equivalent computational power would need (and in fact less then current portable computers). This is, taking an engineering, view surprising. Brains use low quality components for electrical signals: fat as electrical insulator, protein transistors and salty water as ...
... much less than any computer of equivalent computational power would need (and in fact less then current portable computers). This is, taking an engineering, view surprising. Brains use low quality components for electrical signals: fat as electrical insulator, protein transistors and salty water as ...
Topical Review
... sprouting has required direct axonal quantification. This is because the proteins associated with the growth cone, such as GAP43, which have been traditionally used to “map” sprouting axons are in fact not neuron- or sprouting-specific: GAP43 is found in astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and is induced i ...
... sprouting has required direct axonal quantification. This is because the proteins associated with the growth cone, such as GAP43, which have been traditionally used to “map” sprouting axons are in fact not neuron- or sprouting-specific: GAP43 is found in astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and is induced i ...