GAIT AND LOCOMOTION
... • During normal level path unobstructed locomotion the cortical level involvement is minimal: when the animal is required to go over barriers in the travel path or is constrained to place its paws on a specific location (such as rungs of a ladder) the intensity (but not the phase) of the activity in ...
... • During normal level path unobstructed locomotion the cortical level involvement is minimal: when the animal is required to go over barriers in the travel path or is constrained to place its paws on a specific location (such as rungs of a ladder) the intensity (but not the phase) of the activity in ...
Shootin1 - The Journal of Cell Biology
... Banker, 1989). This observation led to the proposal that a positive feedback loop and negative regulation among neurites are necessary for neuronal polarization (Goslin and Banker, 1989; Andersen and Bi, 2000; Banker, 2003). A locally acting positive feedback loop may amplify a small stochastic incr ...
... Banker, 1989). This observation led to the proposal that a positive feedback loop and negative regulation among neurites are necessary for neuronal polarization (Goslin and Banker, 1989; Andersen and Bi, 2000; Banker, 2003). A locally acting positive feedback loop may amplify a small stochastic incr ...
The Orbitofrontal Cortex and Reward
... by odors. A ventral frontal region has been implicated in olfactory processing in humans (Jones-Gotman and Zatorre, 1988; Zatorre and Jones-Gotman, 1991; Zatorre et al., 1992). Rolls and colleagues have analyzed the rules by which orbitofrontal olfactory representations are formed and operate in pri ...
... by odors. A ventral frontal region has been implicated in olfactory processing in humans (Jones-Gotman and Zatorre, 1988; Zatorre and Jones-Gotman, 1991; Zatorre et al., 1992). Rolls and colleagues have analyzed the rules by which orbitofrontal olfactory representations are formed and operate in pri ...
Power Point CH 15
... • The central canal of the spinal cord extends rostrally through the medulla and enlarges to become the fourth ventricle. • All communication between the brain and spinal cord involves tracts that ascend or descend through the medulla oblongata. • The anterior surface exhibits two longitudinal ridge ...
... • The central canal of the spinal cord extends rostrally through the medulla and enlarges to become the fourth ventricle. • All communication between the brain and spinal cord involves tracts that ascend or descend through the medulla oblongata. • The anterior surface exhibits two longitudinal ridge ...
Abstract
... those directing the generation and migration of different populations of cortical neurons. However, similar largescale unbiased studies have yet to be developed to study the formation of the major axonal tracts that wire the cerebral cortex. ...
... those directing the generation and migration of different populations of cortical neurons. However, similar largescale unbiased studies have yet to be developed to study the formation of the major axonal tracts that wire the cerebral cortex. ...
PDF - Oxford Academic - Oxford University Press
... this inhibition are still largely unknown. Notably, whether such an inhibition of nociception occurs at the cortical level has not been investigated at all. Many previous studies have considered the dorsal horn of the spinal cord as an important site for this phenomenon where large myelinated fiber i ...
... this inhibition are still largely unknown. Notably, whether such an inhibition of nociception occurs at the cortical level has not been investigated at all. Many previous studies have considered the dorsal horn of the spinal cord as an important site for this phenomenon where large myelinated fiber i ...
Lactate Receptor Sites Link Neurotransmission
... Lactate, acting as a buffer between glycolysis and oxidative metabolism, is exchanged as a fuel between cells and tissues, depending on glycolytic and oxidative rates (Brooks 2009). The brain exports lactate at rest, but once blood lactate levels rise, for example, during physical exertion, there is ...
... Lactate, acting as a buffer between glycolysis and oxidative metabolism, is exchanged as a fuel between cells and tissues, depending on glycolytic and oxidative rates (Brooks 2009). The brain exports lactate at rest, but once blood lactate levels rise, for example, during physical exertion, there is ...
Sympathetic nervous system and inflammation: A conceptual view
... are normally not labeled autonomic, parasympathetic or sympathetic although they form special reflex circuits with the final autonomic pathways (interrupted blue arrows in Fig. 2; for discussion see Jänig, 2006). The sympathetic consist of two populations of neurons in series which are connected synap ...
... are normally not labeled autonomic, parasympathetic or sympathetic although they form special reflex circuits with the final autonomic pathways (interrupted blue arrows in Fig. 2; for discussion see Jänig, 2006). The sympathetic consist of two populations of neurons in series which are connected synap ...
PDF file
... support vector machines (SVM), and incremental hierarchical discriminant regression (IHDR).16 ,44 Much research already exists in the field of learning using supervised and unsupervised networks. However, development has raised requirements that existing methods cannot meet. The genome (the biologic ...
... support vector machines (SVM), and incremental hierarchical discriminant regression (IHDR).16 ,44 Much research already exists in the field of learning using supervised and unsupervised networks. However, development has raised requirements that existing methods cannot meet. The genome (the biologic ...
Parallel processing of object value memory for voluntary and
... Parallel processing of object value memory for voluntary and automatic behavior ...
... Parallel processing of object value memory for voluntary and automatic behavior ...
choosing the greater of two goods: neural currencies for valuation
... results have prompted the proposal that LIP, in cooperation with other areas, implements the decision transformation in this task, converting a sensory representation of visual motion into a decision variable that is capable of guiding behaviour. Additional support for this proposal comes from recen ...
... results have prompted the proposal that LIP, in cooperation with other areas, implements the decision transformation in this task, converting a sensory representation of visual motion into a decision variable that is capable of guiding behaviour. Additional support for this proposal comes from recen ...
Nervous System - Neurons
... Afferent neurons, efferent neurons, dendrites, axons, sensory neurons, interneuron, motor neurons, myelin, myelin sheath, myelinated neurons, schwann cells, oligodendrocytes, nodes of ranvier, nerve, ions, ion channels, ...
... Afferent neurons, efferent neurons, dendrites, axons, sensory neurons, interneuron, motor neurons, myelin, myelin sheath, myelinated neurons, schwann cells, oligodendrocytes, nodes of ranvier, nerve, ions, ion channels, ...
Well That Frog Just Doesn`t Have The Nerve
... The average thickness was determined to be 7.1425 x 10^8 micrometers. This means that majority of the axons were approximately that size and a stimulus used to elicit those axons would produce the most CAPs (Freeman 1999). It is understood that CAPs are what lead to muscle movement and other sensory ...
... The average thickness was determined to be 7.1425 x 10^8 micrometers. This means that majority of the axons were approximately that size and a stimulus used to elicit those axons would produce the most CAPs (Freeman 1999). It is understood that CAPs are what lead to muscle movement and other sensory ...
Nervous System - Neurons
... Afferent neurons, efferent neurons, dendrites, axons, sensory neurons, interneuron, motor neurons, myelin, myelin sheath, myelinated neurons, schwann cells, oligodendrocytes, nodes of ranvier, nerve, ions, ion channels, ...
... Afferent neurons, efferent neurons, dendrites, axons, sensory neurons, interneuron, motor neurons, myelin, myelin sheath, myelinated neurons, schwann cells, oligodendrocytes, nodes of ranvier, nerve, ions, ion channels, ...
Molecular Mechanisms of Appetite Regulation
... GLP-1 is produced from a large precursor peptide preproglucagon in L cells of the ileum and colon. GLP-1 is secreted to systemic circulation where it is rapidly inactivated by DPP-4 [46]. Thus, the half-life of plasma GLP-1 is about 1 to 2 minutes. According to a recent meta-analysis [47], intraveno ...
... GLP-1 is produced from a large precursor peptide preproglucagon in L cells of the ileum and colon. GLP-1 is secreted to systemic circulation where it is rapidly inactivated by DPP-4 [46]. Thus, the half-life of plasma GLP-1 is about 1 to 2 minutes. According to a recent meta-analysis [47], intraveno ...
Can Digital Games Be a Way of Improving the Neuroplasticity in
... connect the neurons, thus making new connections and new neural pathways to accomplish what was a damaged function. Finally, flexible and capable of such adaptation, the brain compensates for damage in effect by reorganizing and forming new connections between intact neurons. Many studies show that ...
... connect the neurons, thus making new connections and new neural pathways to accomplish what was a damaged function. Finally, flexible and capable of such adaptation, the brain compensates for damage in effect by reorganizing and forming new connections between intact neurons. Many studies show that ...
Spatial and Temporal Integration of Signals in Foveal Line Orientation
... segments are removed, (Fig. 2C) when in addition another inner 5-arcmin segment is removed, leaving only two 5arcmin terminators, and finally (Fig. 2D) when a middle orthogonal line is introduced, interrupting the ‘‘silent’’ continuity between these two outer segments. The results indicate a steady ...
... segments are removed, (Fig. 2C) when in addition another inner 5-arcmin segment is removed, leaving only two 5arcmin terminators, and finally (Fig. 2D) when a middle orthogonal line is introduced, interrupting the ‘‘silent’’ continuity between these two outer segments. The results indicate a steady ...
Replacement of Receptor Cells in the Hamster
... Chemoreceptor cells in the vomeronasal and olfactory epithelium are replaced following experimentally induced degeneration. This study analyzes quantitatively the time course and degree of vomeronasal receptor cell replacement. Unilateral transection of the vomeronasal nerves in adult hamster was us ...
... Chemoreceptor cells in the vomeronasal and olfactory epithelium are replaced following experimentally induced degeneration. This study analyzes quantitatively the time course and degree of vomeronasal receptor cell replacement. Unilateral transection of the vomeronasal nerves in adult hamster was us ...
Brain Stem Involvement in Immune and Aversive Challenge Jakob Paues
... destroy the aggressor and if this fails, try to limit the extent of the infection. Thus humans can have dormant tuberculosis infections that are locally controlled until the individual become weakened by disease or old age. Likewise, premalignant cells are either destroyed or forced into senescence. ...
... destroy the aggressor and if this fails, try to limit the extent of the infection. Thus humans can have dormant tuberculosis infections that are locally controlled until the individual become weakened by disease or old age. Likewise, premalignant cells are either destroyed or forced into senescence. ...
Attention induces synchronization-based response gain in steady
... (or activity) gain in terms of increased phase locking of population activity to stimulus flicker, SSVEP amplitudes might be sensitive enough to demonstrate response (or activity) gain. Indeed, some of the data reported in a prior SSVEP study2 are suggestive of multiplicative attention effects on SS ...
... (or activity) gain in terms of increased phase locking of population activity to stimulus flicker, SSVEP amplitudes might be sensitive enough to demonstrate response (or activity) gain. Indeed, some of the data reported in a prior SSVEP study2 are suggestive of multiplicative attention effects on SS ...
Lasers, Optics Enhance Optogenetics Studies
... he history of the concept of optogenetics dates back to the 1970s, when Dr. Francis Crick, co-discoverer of DNA, put to words that neuroscience needed a method to control one type of nerve cell while leaving the other cells unaffected, to understand how the brain works.1 Crick later also suggested t ...
... he history of the concept of optogenetics dates back to the 1970s, when Dr. Francis Crick, co-discoverer of DNA, put to words that neuroscience needed a method to control one type of nerve cell while leaving the other cells unaffected, to understand how the brain works.1 Crick later also suggested t ...
Congenital blindness affects diencephalic but not mesencephalic
... and Ptito 2012). Among these structures, the thalamus plays an important part in the sensory processing and integration, given its key position in establishing input– output connections between multiple sensory and motor cortical areas (Cappe et al. 2009). In conditions of early visual deprivation, ...
... and Ptito 2012). Among these structures, the thalamus plays an important part in the sensory processing and integration, given its key position in establishing input– output connections between multiple sensory and motor cortical areas (Cappe et al. 2009). In conditions of early visual deprivation, ...
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour
... condition differs from the other three conditions in terms of reaction time and errors. Therefore, we also performed a planned contrast, using the following contrast weights: +3 for contralateral-movement-to-dots and –1 for the three other conditions. This allowed us to test our hypothesis that brai ...
... condition differs from the other three conditions in terms of reaction time and errors. Therefore, we also performed a planned contrast, using the following contrast weights: +3 for contralateral-movement-to-dots and –1 for the three other conditions. This allowed us to test our hypothesis that brai ...
The time course of selective visual attention: theory and experiments
... maps and spotlight mechanisms required? A second interesting question is to determine the characteristics of top-down aided competition in feature space. It should be clarified whether this competition is achieved independently in each feature dimension or whether it occurs after binding the feature ...
... maps and spotlight mechanisms required? A second interesting question is to determine the characteristics of top-down aided competition in feature space. It should be clarified whether this competition is achieved independently in each feature dimension or whether it occurs after binding the feature ...
Chapter Three Biological Aspects of Psychology
... Communication between neurons in your central nervous system could NOT occur without which of the following chemical messengers? a) b) c) d) ...
... Communication between neurons in your central nervous system could NOT occur without which of the following chemical messengers? a) b) c) d) ...