The cortical language circuit: from auditory perception to sentence
... clearly marked phrases mainly involves the pars opercularis (BA 44), whereas the (re)computation of arguments that are moved from subordinate sentence parts recruit the posterior portion of BA 45 bordering BA 44. As to sentential semantic aspects, the processing system now has to deal with the seman ...
... clearly marked phrases mainly involves the pars opercularis (BA 44), whereas the (re)computation of arguments that are moved from subordinate sentence parts recruit the posterior portion of BA 45 bordering BA 44. As to sentential semantic aspects, the processing system now has to deal with the seman ...
Principles of Extracellular Single
... have a more favorable signal-to-noise ratio. However, there is a trade-off that must be considered when minimizing electrode noise. Lower noise is typically produced by increasing the effective size of the active tip. For example, with a tungsten electrode, this would involve removing more insulatio ...
... have a more favorable signal-to-noise ratio. However, there is a trade-off that must be considered when minimizing electrode noise. Lower noise is typically produced by increasing the effective size of the active tip. For example, with a tungsten electrode, this would involve removing more insulatio ...
Article Page 08.27.20+
... her waistband, the accuracy of the statement can (usually) be factually checked at a later time. If indeed the suspect had a gun, then the officer’s initial perception can be judged as correct; on the other hand, if it is later determined that the suspect actually pulled a cell ...
... her waistband, the accuracy of the statement can (usually) be factually checked at a later time. If indeed the suspect had a gun, then the officer’s initial perception can be judged as correct; on the other hand, if it is later determined that the suspect actually pulled a cell ...
Differential effects of nicotine on the activity of substantia nigra and
... Grenhoff et al. 1986, Mereu et al. 1987) and in vitro (Calabresi et al. 1989, Grillner and Svensson 2000, Pidoplichko et al. 1997, Sorenson et al. 1998, Yin and French 2000), and enhances dopamine release from striatal nerve terminals (Blaha and Winn 1993, Blaha et al. 1996, Nisell et al. 1994a,b). ...
... Grenhoff et al. 1986, Mereu et al. 1987) and in vitro (Calabresi et al. 1989, Grillner and Svensson 2000, Pidoplichko et al. 1997, Sorenson et al. 1998, Yin and French 2000), and enhances dopamine release from striatal nerve terminals (Blaha and Winn 1993, Blaha et al. 1996, Nisell et al. 1994a,b). ...
Wind Direction Coding in the Cockroach Escape Response: Winner
... measurements somewhat underestimated the movements of the CF joints of the front legs, because these front legs are held at an angle oblique to the view of the camera. We transformed these data into a single parameter that could describe turn direction. For this, we combined the data from all six le ...
... measurements somewhat underestimated the movements of the CF joints of the front legs, because these front legs are held at an angle oblique to the view of the camera. We transformed these data into a single parameter that could describe turn direction. For this, we combined the data from all six le ...
Chapter Two Line Title Here and Chapter Title Here and Here
... 3. The ANS consists of a two-neuron chain in which the cell body of the first neuron, the preganglionic neuron, resides in the spinal cord, and synapses with a second neuron, the postganglionic neuron, reside within an autonomic ganglion outside the CNS. 4. The neurotransmitter released by the somat ...
... 3. The ANS consists of a two-neuron chain in which the cell body of the first neuron, the preganglionic neuron, resides in the spinal cord, and synapses with a second neuron, the postganglionic neuron, reside within an autonomic ganglion outside the CNS. 4. The neurotransmitter released by the somat ...
Anatomofunctional organization of the ventral primary motor and
... Hand motor activity We first tested hand grasping in the proximity of the monkey’s body, with the arm corresponding to the tested hand restrained, in order to distinguish hand-related motor activity from possible responses due to arm movements; this test was also carried out by closing the monkey’s ...
... Hand motor activity We first tested hand grasping in the proximity of the monkey’s body, with the arm corresponding to the tested hand restrained, in order to distinguish hand-related motor activity from possible responses due to arm movements; this test was also carried out by closing the monkey’s ...
The Physiology and psychology of pain
... These neurons can excite (stalked cells) or inhibit (islet cells) the transmission of noxious stimuli These neurons in the SG send axons to lamina I and release enkephalin and gammaaminobutyric acid. • Both which inhibit the transmission of noxious stimuli ...
... These neurons can excite (stalked cells) or inhibit (islet cells) the transmission of noxious stimuli These neurons in the SG send axons to lamina I and release enkephalin and gammaaminobutyric acid. • Both which inhibit the transmission of noxious stimuli ...
notes
... The hearing apparatus within the cochlea is known as the organ of Corti and is made of rows of specialized hair cells. ...
... The hearing apparatus within the cochlea is known as the organ of Corti and is made of rows of specialized hair cells. ...
Neurons
... specialized for transmitting information or messages in the form of electrical impulses. Each neuron is a single cell, consisting of a cell body (or soma), an axon, and dendrites. Figure 2.1 illustrates these structures; Concept Chart 2.1 summarizes their functions. The soma is the main body of the ...
... specialized for transmitting information or messages in the form of electrical impulses. Each neuron is a single cell, consisting of a cell body (or soma), an axon, and dendrites. Figure 2.1 illustrates these structures; Concept Chart 2.1 summarizes their functions. The soma is the main body of the ...
Chapter 3
... Enteric plexuses (a plexus is an area where nerves branch and rejoin, for example the brachial plexus made up of the spinal nerves which enter the arm and the solar plexus above the stomach), help regulate the digestive system. Sensory receptors are either parts of neurons or specialized cells that ...
... Enteric plexuses (a plexus is an area where nerves branch and rejoin, for example the brachial plexus made up of the spinal nerves which enter the arm and the solar plexus above the stomach), help regulate the digestive system. Sensory receptors are either parts of neurons or specialized cells that ...
Morphology of HRP-Injected Spinocervical Tract Neurons: Effect of
... Two to nine hours after iontophoretic current passage, the animal was perfused, using a pressure system, via the carotid arterial cannula inserted earlier to monitor blood pressure. The chest was opened and the right atrium cut to allow evacuation of the perfusate. The initial perfusion fluid was 1 ...
... Two to nine hours after iontophoretic current passage, the animal was perfused, using a pressure system, via the carotid arterial cannula inserted earlier to monitor blood pressure. The chest was opened and the right atrium cut to allow evacuation of the perfusate. The initial perfusion fluid was 1 ...
Basal ganglia discharge abnormalities in Parkinson`s disease
... pathophysiology. For example, based on the model, pallidal lesions would be expected to result in involuntary movements, but, in fact, have little effect on normal motor behavior. Similarly, thalamic inactivation, although predicted to induce parkinsonism, does not. Pattern changes Given that change ...
... pathophysiology. For example, based on the model, pallidal lesions would be expected to result in involuntary movements, but, in fact, have little effect on normal motor behavior. Similarly, thalamic inactivation, although predicted to induce parkinsonism, does not. Pattern changes Given that change ...
Control of neuronal cell fate and number by
... neural progenitor cells, termed neuroblasts (NBs), generated in the early embryo (Doe and Technau, 1993). Each neuroblast generates a unique lineage, progressing by multiple rounds of asymmetric cell division, renewing itself and budding off daughter cells denoted ganglion mother cells (GMCs). Each ...
... neural progenitor cells, termed neuroblasts (NBs), generated in the early embryo (Doe and Technau, 1993). Each neuroblast generates a unique lineage, progressing by multiple rounds of asymmetric cell division, renewing itself and budding off daughter cells denoted ganglion mother cells (GMCs). Each ...
Chapter 8
... The propagation of the action potential from the dendritic to the axon-terminal end is typically one-way because the absolute refractory period follows along in the “wake” of the moving action potential. ...
... The propagation of the action potential from the dendritic to the axon-terminal end is typically one-way because the absolute refractory period follows along in the “wake” of the moving action potential. ...
Functional maps within a single neuron
... Several common themes emerge by comparing plasticity in these intraneuronal maps to plasticity in sensory maps. For instance, studies involving the effects of dark rearing on various visual maps could be metaphorically related to the studies involving activity blockade to a neuronal map. In both cas ...
... Several common themes emerge by comparing plasticity in these intraneuronal maps to plasticity in sensory maps. For instance, studies involving the effects of dark rearing on various visual maps could be metaphorically related to the studies involving activity blockade to a neuronal map. In both cas ...
Temperature - Division Of Animal Sciences
... The Passive System For temperature regulation, the controlled system is the body itself, complete with fully functional cardio-vascular and respiratory systems, metabolic and reproductive activities, and the nervous and endocrine systems controlling these functions. The problem of the passive system ...
... The Passive System For temperature regulation, the controlled system is the body itself, complete with fully functional cardio-vascular and respiratory systems, metabolic and reproductive activities, and the nervous and endocrine systems controlling these functions. The problem of the passive system ...
Dendrite structure
... (Ostapoff et al. 1994). These descriptors are not readily applicable to stellate neurons in other areas of the brain. In some neurons, dendrites radiate in arbitrary directions from the cell body but are restricted to a planar region. This type of laminar radiation (see Table 1.2) is seen in horizon ...
... (Ostapoff et al. 1994). These descriptors are not readily applicable to stellate neurons in other areas of the brain. In some neurons, dendrites radiate in arbitrary directions from the cell body but are restricted to a planar region. This type of laminar radiation (see Table 1.2) is seen in horizon ...
Dendrite structure
... (Ostapoff et al. 1994). These descriptors are not readily applicable to stellate neurons in other areas of the brain. In some neurons, dendrites radiate in arbitrary directions from the cell body but are restricted to a planar region. This type of laminar radiation (see Table 1.2) is seen in horizon ...
... (Ostapoff et al. 1994). These descriptors are not readily applicable to stellate neurons in other areas of the brain. In some neurons, dendrites radiate in arbitrary directions from the cell body but are restricted to a planar region. This type of laminar radiation (see Table 1.2) is seen in horizon ...
Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels
... • Cav1 = initiate contraction, secretion, and regulation of gene expression, integration of synaptic input in neurons, and synaptic transmission at ribbon synapses of specialized sensory cells • Cav2 = synaptic transmission of fast synapses • Cav3 = important for repetitive or rhythmic firing of Aps ...
... • Cav1 = initiate contraction, secretion, and regulation of gene expression, integration of synaptic input in neurons, and synaptic transmission at ribbon synapses of specialized sensory cells • Cav2 = synaptic transmission of fast synapses • Cav3 = important for repetitive or rhythmic firing of Aps ...
A dendritic disinhibitory circuit mechanism for pathway
... read the word. One possible solution to this task is for a decisionmaking area to locally open its gate for the deliberate pathway (colour-naming) while closing its gate for the more automatic pathway (word-reading). Using computational models, we propose that the dendritic disinhibitory circuit can ...
... read the word. One possible solution to this task is for a decisionmaking area to locally open its gate for the deliberate pathway (colour-naming) while closing its gate for the more automatic pathway (word-reading). Using computational models, we propose that the dendritic disinhibitory circuit can ...
PDF
... and reliable pattern of labeling was observed in the VCN. This pattern and the VCN cell types filled by such an injection have been described in detail previously (Doucet and Ryugo, 1997; Doucet et al., 1999b) and so will only be summarized. Microneurons and axons were labeled and distributed within ...
... and reliable pattern of labeling was observed in the VCN. This pattern and the VCN cell types filled by such an injection have been described in detail previously (Doucet and Ryugo, 1997; Doucet et al., 1999b) and so will only be summarized. Microneurons and axons were labeled and distributed within ...
Lateral Hypothalamus Contains Two Types of Palatability
... separate taste deliveries. We have previously shown that palatability and neural responses are stable across this length of session and volume of fluid consumption (Fontanini and Katz, 2006). Although the general stimulus delivery design remained the same from day to day, the electrodes were sometim ...
... separate taste deliveries. We have previously shown that palatability and neural responses are stable across this length of session and volume of fluid consumption (Fontanini and Katz, 2006). Although the general stimulus delivery design remained the same from day to day, the electrodes were sometim ...
Descending Pathways in Motor Control
... not to cross the midline, to find its target neurons, and to avoid others. The neuropharmacological features include the neurotransmitter and neuromodulators released at the pathway’s terminals. Finally, we need to add the neuroinformatic features: the activity/information that the pathway transmits ...
... not to cross the midline, to find its target neurons, and to avoid others. The neuropharmacological features include the neurotransmitter and neuromodulators released at the pathway’s terminals. Finally, we need to add the neuroinformatic features: the activity/information that the pathway transmits ...
Neuroethology of reward and decision making
... and motor preparation. In that study, monkeys were cued to shift gaze from a central light to one of two peripheral lights to receive a fruit juice reward. In separate blocks of trials, the authors varied the expected value of orienting to each light by varying either the size of reward or the proba ...
... and motor preparation. In that study, monkeys were cued to shift gaze from a central light to one of two peripheral lights to receive a fruit juice reward. In separate blocks of trials, the authors varied the expected value of orienting to each light by varying either the size of reward or the proba ...