Bare nominals, true and fake vocatives Romance
... Following Dobrovie-Sorin & Laca (2003), Dobrovie-Sorin et al. (2006), and Espinal & McNally (in press) I will assume that bare nominals in object position are NPs or NumPs depending on whether they are unmarked for Number (number neutral bare nominals) or not (bare singulars and bare plurals). Simil ...
... Following Dobrovie-Sorin & Laca (2003), Dobrovie-Sorin et al. (2006), and Espinal & McNally (in press) I will assume that bare nominals in object position are NPs or NumPs depending on whether they are unmarked for Number (number neutral bare nominals) or not (bare singulars and bare plurals). Simil ...
1 What is morphology? CHAPTER OUTLINE
... from the means we use in English. On the other hand, we sometimes use morphology even when we don’t need new lexemes. For example, we saw that each lexeme can have a number of word forms. The lexeme WALK has forms like walk, walks, walked, walking that can be used in different grammatical contexts. ...
... from the means we use in English. On the other hand, we sometimes use morphology even when we don’t need new lexemes. For example, we saw that each lexeme can have a number of word forms. The lexeme WALK has forms like walk, walks, walked, walking that can be used in different grammatical contexts. ...
THE SYNTAX-SEMANTICS INTERFACE
... The relationship between "gave" and the three NPs in (9) is also a basic semantic question. The observed one-to-one correspondence has motivated an analysis of verbs as mathematical functions. A mathematical function maps an argument to a result. Crucially, a function must take exactly one argument ...
... The relationship between "gave" and the three NPs in (9) is also a basic semantic question. The observed one-to-one correspondence has motivated an analysis of verbs as mathematical functions. A mathematical function maps an argument to a result. Crucially, a function must take exactly one argument ...
Lexical insertion, inflection, and derivation
... storage and production o f complex words: the generation-by-rule and the generation-by-rote hypothesis. Under the generation-by-rote hypothesis p r o d u c t i o n o f complex words constitutes noncreative behavior reflecting r e a d o u t from a rote storage system. Words such as " d e c i s i o n ...
... storage and production o f complex words: the generation-by-rule and the generation-by-rote hypothesis. Under the generation-by-rote hypothesis p r o d u c t i o n o f complex words constitutes noncreative behavior reflecting r e a d o u t from a rote storage system. Words such as " d e c i s i o n ...
word-formation in english
... Your result depends on a number of assumptions. If you consider apostrophies to be punctuation marks, Benjamin’s constitutes two (orthographic) words. If not, Benjamin’s is one word. If you consider a hyphen a punctuation mark, highrise is two (orthographic) words, otherwise it’s one (orthographic) ...
... Your result depends on a number of assumptions. If you consider apostrophies to be punctuation marks, Benjamin’s constitutes two (orthographic) words. If not, Benjamin’s is one word. If you consider a hyphen a punctuation mark, highrise is two (orthographic) words, otherwise it’s one (orthographic) ...
1 Background on this module 2 Introduction
... In English we use a number of lexical categories: noun, verb, adjective, adverb, to name a few. It is important to note that these categories must be defined in terms of their morphological and syntactic properties. That is, they must be defined in terms of what kinds of morphemes attach to them and ...
... In English we use a number of lexical categories: noun, verb, adjective, adverb, to name a few. It is important to note that these categories must be defined in terms of their morphological and syntactic properties. That is, they must be defined in terms of what kinds of morphemes attach to them and ...
Derivational morphology in Distributed Morphology
... among linguists (Harley, 1995, 1996, Levin and Rappaport Hovav, 1995, Pinker, 1989, among many), that a lexical causative cannot be derived from a verb which has an agentive subject. Using observations of Matsumoto (1996) and data from idioms in Japanese I argue that no such semantic criterion appli ...
... among linguists (Harley, 1995, 1996, Levin and Rappaport Hovav, 1995, Pinker, 1989, among many), that a lexical causative cannot be derived from a verb which has an agentive subject. Using observations of Matsumoto (1996) and data from idioms in Japanese I argue that no such semantic criterion appli ...
PowerPoint
... A constituent is a group of words which function as a unit. If you can replace part of the sentence with another constituent (the smallest constituent being a single word), this tells us that the replaced section of the sentence is a constituent. This isn’t foolproof, but it usually works if you try ...
... A constituent is a group of words which function as a unit. If you can replace part of the sentence with another constituent (the smallest constituent being a single word), this tells us that the replaced section of the sentence is a constituent. This isn’t foolproof, but it usually works if you try ...
The Encoding Grammar and Syntax
... and the debate in Polish linguistics about subjecthood and the non-Nominative forms, e.g. [Przepiórkowski 2004], [Saloni 2005], [Menantaud 1999] among others. Yet another example of the elusiveness of syntax is that, although syntactic relations are often expressed through morphology or morphophonol ...
... and the debate in Polish linguistics about subjecthood and the non-Nominative forms, e.g. [Przepiórkowski 2004], [Saloni 2005], [Menantaud 1999] among others. Yet another example of the elusiveness of syntax is that, although syntactic relations are often expressed through morphology or morphophonol ...
word-formation and the lexicon
... The significance of level-ordered morphology is that it relates the "positional" properties of affixes to their phonological properties. In partJ.cular, the order in which an affix occurs relative to other affixes is correlated with the kind of boundary with which it is associated. For example, phon ...
... The significance of level-ordered morphology is that it relates the "positional" properties of affixes to their phonological properties. In partJ.cular, the order in which an affix occurs relative to other affixes is correlated with the kind of boundary with which it is associated. For example, phon ...
II. LITERATURE REVIEW
... process. The teacher helps the students to understand the words include the form of word, meaning or the uses of the words. In the other hand, according to Nunan (1991:142) teaching vocabulary regains an important place in the language classroom, the issues, principles and practices reviewed will be ...
... process. The teacher helps the students to understand the words include the form of word, meaning or the uses of the words. In the other hand, according to Nunan (1991:142) teaching vocabulary regains an important place in the language classroom, the issues, principles and practices reviewed will be ...
Introduction to Syntax
... "movement" relations that hold between one syntactic position in a sentence and another. ...
... "movement" relations that hold between one syntactic position in a sentence and another. ...
introddd to syntax
... "movement" relations that hold between one syntactic position in a sentence and another. ...
... "movement" relations that hold between one syntactic position in a sentence and another. ...
Semantics Course outline
... 1. be able to use various semantic concepts to identify the meaning of words, phrases and sentences. 2.be able to use componential analysis, and lexical fields and hierarchies to differentiate between the meaning of words. 3. implement semantic theories and concepts in writing term papers on differe ...
... 1. be able to use various semantic concepts to identify the meaning of words, phrases and sentences. 2.be able to use componential analysis, and lexical fields and hierarchies to differentiate between the meaning of words. 3. implement semantic theories and concepts in writing term papers on differe ...
Creating a Dependency Syntactic Treebank: Towards Intuitive
... phase in which the first specification of the dependency syntactic representation and the first manually annotated FinnTreeBank are ready, and the morphological definition is in progress (Voutilainen and Lindén, 2011). The base for the first version of the treebank is a descriptive grammar of Finni ...
... phase in which the first specification of the dependency syntactic representation and the first manually annotated FinnTreeBank are ready, and the morphological definition is in progress (Voutilainen and Lindén, 2011). The base for the first version of the treebank is a descriptive grammar of Finni ...
Doyle
... the ontology, it builds a graph of concept relations using: 1. Nearness in sentence 2. IS_A Relationships ...
... the ontology, it builds a graph of concept relations using: 1. Nearness in sentence 2. IS_A Relationships ...
Evaluating Translational Correspondence using Annotation Projection
... To our knowledge, the direct correspondence assumption underlies all statistical models that attempt to capture a relationship between syntactic structures in two languages, be they constituent models or dependency models. As an example of the former, consider Wu’s (1995) stochastic inversion transd ...
... To our knowledge, the direct correspondence assumption underlies all statistical models that attempt to capture a relationship between syntactic structures in two languages, be they constituent models or dependency models. As an example of the former, consider Wu’s (1995) stochastic inversion transd ...
Semantics 5: Lexical and Grammatical Meaning
... Grammatical Meaning: abstract, vague e.g. lek1 gwo3 ngo5 “smarter than me” (comparative) gwo3 as in heoi3-gwo3 “have been” (experiential aspect) gan2 as in dang2-gan2 “waiting” (progressive aspect) Relationship between lexical and grammatical meaning: (i) historical derivation (comparative gwo deriv ...
... Grammatical Meaning: abstract, vague e.g. lek1 gwo3 ngo5 “smarter than me” (comparative) gwo3 as in heoi3-gwo3 “have been” (experiential aspect) gan2 as in dang2-gan2 “waiting” (progressive aspect) Relationship between lexical and grammatical meaning: (i) historical derivation (comparative gwo deriv ...
The Gloss Trap - Department of Second Language Studies
... lawn, but if one spoke of a machine that did just that, the spraying would still involve a 3D aggregate of psychologically dimensionless points. Meaning in context is a necessary part of interpretation, but the current focus of investigation is inherent lexical semantics. Although most linguists rec ...
... lawn, but if one spoke of a machine that did just that, the spraying would still involve a 3D aggregate of psychologically dimensionless points. Meaning in context is a necessary part of interpretation, but the current focus of investigation is inherent lexical semantics. Although most linguists rec ...
Arabic Semantics - Peter Hallman Home
... may be read as asserting that you know that each teacher punished her respective naughty student. That is, the naughty students vary with the teachers. This reading is not available when the bound object inflection -o is contained in an island in (1b), which may only be understood to assert that th ...
... may be read as asserting that you know that each teacher punished her respective naughty student. That is, the naughty students vary with the teachers. This reading is not available when the bound object inflection -o is contained in an island in (1b), which may only be understood to assert that th ...
An Overview of Lexical Semantics
... reason for this is that in the part-whole construction, the part is the complement of a preposition that specifies the location of the action of the verb. Since the verbs in (6a) specify an event that completely changes the direct object, to specify where on the direct object the event occurs is inc ...
... reason for this is that in the part-whole construction, the part is the complement of a preposition that specifies the location of the action of the verb. Since the verbs in (6a) specify an event that completely changes the direct object, to specify where on the direct object the event occurs is inc ...
Syntactic categories and constituency
... In case you’re not convinced, here’s some nice evidence that speaker-hearers really do understand syntactic categories in terms of morpho-syntactic distribution, not meaning: ‘Twas brillig, and the slithy toves Did gyre and gimble in the wabe: All mimsy were the borogoves, And the mome raths outgrab ...
... In case you’re not convinced, here’s some nice evidence that speaker-hearers really do understand syntactic categories in terms of morpho-syntactic distribution, not meaning: ‘Twas brillig, and the slithy toves Did gyre and gimble in the wabe: All mimsy were the borogoves, And the mome raths outgrab ...
Linguistic Essentials
... Lemma: lexical unit, “pointer” to lexicon might as well be a number, but typically is represented as the “base form”, or “dictionary headword” possibly indexed when ambiguous/polysemous: state1 (verb), state2 (state-of-the-art), state3 (government) ...
... Lemma: lexical unit, “pointer” to lexicon might as well be a number, but typically is represented as the “base form”, or “dictionary headword” possibly indexed when ambiguous/polysemous: state1 (verb), state2 (state-of-the-art), state3 (government) ...
Linguistics Essentials
... Lemma: lexical unit, “pointer” to lexicon might as well be a number, but typically is represented as the “base form”, or “dictionary headword” possibly indexed when ambiguous/polysemous: state1 (verb), state2 (state-of-the-art), state3 (government) ...
... Lemma: lexical unit, “pointer” to lexicon might as well be a number, but typically is represented as the “base form”, or “dictionary headword” possibly indexed when ambiguous/polysemous: state1 (verb), state2 (state-of-the-art), state3 (government) ...