The basal forebrain cholinergic projection system in mice. In
... innominata/nucleus basalis (Ch4) (Mesulam et al., 1983a). Since the projection target of the cholinergic neurons is poorly determined based upon their topography in the basal forebrain, the Ch nomenclature has met with considerable criticism (see Butcher and Semba, 1989). Corticopetal basal forebrai ...
... innominata/nucleus basalis (Ch4) (Mesulam et al., 1983a). Since the projection target of the cholinergic neurons is poorly determined based upon their topography in the basal forebrain, the Ch nomenclature has met with considerable criticism (see Butcher and Semba, 1989). Corticopetal basal forebrai ...
The Basal Forebrain Cholinergic Projection
... innominata/nucleus basalis (Ch4) (Mesulam et al., 1983a). Since the projection target of the cholinergic neurons is poorly determined based upon their topography in the basal forebrain, the Ch nomenclature has met with considerable criticism (see Butcher and Semba, 1989). Corticopetal basal forebrai ...
... innominata/nucleus basalis (Ch4) (Mesulam et al., 1983a). Since the projection target of the cholinergic neurons is poorly determined based upon their topography in the basal forebrain, the Ch nomenclature has met with considerable criticism (see Butcher and Semba, 1989). Corticopetal basal forebrai ...
A role for subplate neurons in the patterning of
... In contrast, subplate neurons do not appear to play a major role in the initial morphological development of the LGN itself. Subplate ablations did not alter dendritic growth or shapes of LGN projection neurons during the period under study, nor did it prevent the segregation of retinal ganglion cel ...
... In contrast, subplate neurons do not appear to play a major role in the initial morphological development of the LGN itself. Subplate ablations did not alter dendritic growth or shapes of LGN projection neurons during the period under study, nor did it prevent the segregation of retinal ganglion cel ...
Implication of novel neurotransmitter systems in the regulation of
... In most species, the majority of GnRH neurons are oval or fusiform in shape, with a maximum diameter of 10 to 20 µm. The fine structural properties of these neurons do not differ from the general neuronal attributes, except that some of the GnRH nerve cells are ciliated (8, 15). Most of the GnRH neu ...
... In most species, the majority of GnRH neurons are oval or fusiform in shape, with a maximum diameter of 10 to 20 µm. The fine structural properties of these neurons do not differ from the general neuronal attributes, except that some of the GnRH nerve cells are ciliated (8, 15). Most of the GnRH neu ...
Relative Contributions of Specific Activity Histories and
... side" of synaptic plasticity: that is, the implicit supposition that synapses, when not driven to change their characteristics, will retain these over time. This assumption would seem to be an essential complement of the synaptic plasticity concept; without it, spontaneous changes occurring independ ...
... side" of synaptic plasticity: that is, the implicit supposition that synapses, when not driven to change their characteristics, will retain these over time. This assumption would seem to be an essential complement of the synaptic plasticity concept; without it, spontaneous changes occurring independ ...
Structure and dynamics of the corticothalamic driver pathway in the
... along the processing chain, the stimulus specificity of responses as well as the input-output transformations at each station. An interesting model system for investigating these dynamical processes is the rodent whisker system. Rodents can solve highly complicated tasks with their whiskers alone, d ...
... along the processing chain, the stimulus specificity of responses as well as the input-output transformations at each station. An interesting model system for investigating these dynamical processes is the rodent whisker system. Rodents can solve highly complicated tasks with their whiskers alone, d ...
Neural correlates of stimulus–response and response–outcome
... outcome, but rather its specific identity. Finally, in both regions we found correlates of the available action–outcome contingencies reflected in the baseline activity of many neurons. These results suggest that differences in information content in these two regions may not determine the different ...
... outcome, but rather its specific identity. Finally, in both regions we found correlates of the available action–outcome contingencies reflected in the baseline activity of many neurons. These results suggest that differences in information content in these two regions may not determine the different ...
Apparent Loss and Hypertrophy of Interneurons in a Mouse Model
... objective, counting only neurons with a clearly identifiable nucleus. This value was expressed as the number of detectable neurons per section and corrected by the method of Abercrombie (1946). The same sections were examined under a 1003 objective, and measurements of cross-sectional area were made ...
... objective, counting only neurons with a clearly identifiable nucleus. This value was expressed as the number of detectable neurons per section and corrected by the method of Abercrombie (1946). The same sections were examined under a 1003 objective, and measurements of cross-sectional area were made ...
to the Proceedings
... The introduction of two-photon microscopy for in vivo imaging has opened the door to chronic monitoring of individual neurons in the adult brain and the study of structural plasticity mechanisms at a very fine scale. Perhaps the biggest contribution of this modern anatomical method has been the disc ...
... The introduction of two-photon microscopy for in vivo imaging has opened the door to chronic monitoring of individual neurons in the adult brain and the study of structural plasticity mechanisms at a very fine scale. Perhaps the biggest contribution of this modern anatomical method has been the disc ...
Actin in Axons: Stable Scaffolds and Dynamic Filaments
... with a diameter of 7 nm and lengths of a few µm. The bonds between actin monomers are specific but not of high strength, allowing actin solutions to be freely shifted from polymerized to unpolymerized states. Due to the intrinsic orientation of each monomer, an actin filament is polarized, in which ...
... with a diameter of 7 nm and lengths of a few µm. The bonds between actin monomers are specific but not of high strength, allowing actin solutions to be freely shifted from polymerized to unpolymerized states. Due to the intrinsic orientation of each monomer, an actin filament is polarized, in which ...
Dopaminergic control of the globus pallidus and its impact
... test de stepping» et le «Rotarod" seront utilisés. ...
... test de stepping» et le «Rotarod" seront utilisés. ...
Sorting and convergence of primary olfactory axons are
... localised? Recent analyses of mice with a reduced complement of mitral cells have suggested that these postsynaptic neurons are not involved in the sorting and convergence of primary olfactory axons to their topographic targets (Bulfone et al., 1998). However, it was unclear whether cues present on ...
... localised? Recent analyses of mice with a reduced complement of mitral cells have suggested that these postsynaptic neurons are not involved in the sorting and convergence of primary olfactory axons to their topographic targets (Bulfone et al., 1998). However, it was unclear whether cues present on ...
Early and Rapid Targeting of Eye-Specific Axonal Projections to the
... E50 and E90 (Rakic, 1977a; Meissirel et al., 1997), making it difficult to precisely deFigure 2. Cytoarchitectural differentiation of the dLGN. A–I, Photomicrographs of thionin-stained tissue sections of the em- lineate the M and P divisions at the ages we bryonic macaque dLGN at E69 (A–C), E78 (D–F ...
... E50 and E90 (Rakic, 1977a; Meissirel et al., 1997), making it difficult to precisely deFigure 2. Cytoarchitectural differentiation of the dLGN. A–I, Photomicrographs of thionin-stained tissue sections of the em- lineate the M and P divisions at the ages we bryonic macaque dLGN at E69 (A–C), E78 (D–F ...
Decondensed DNA Release of Proteases Associated with Triggers
... www.jimmunol.org/cgi/doi/10.4049/jimmunol.1200409 ...
... www.jimmunol.org/cgi/doi/10.4049/jimmunol.1200409 ...
PDF
... A family of small homodimeric proteins termed neurotrophins plays a key role in the development of the vertebrate nervous system. Some of the most extensive information on the function of these proteins has come from work on sensory neurons and their progenitors. At an early developmental stage, the ...
... A family of small homodimeric proteins termed neurotrophins plays a key role in the development of the vertebrate nervous system. Some of the most extensive information on the function of these proteins has come from work on sensory neurons and their progenitors. At an early developmental stage, the ...
Activity dynamics and behavioral correlates of CA3 and CA1
... staggered to provide a two-dimensional arrangement (20-lm vertical separation). In four rats, eight independently movable wire tetrodes aimed to record from the dorsal (one tetrode) and ventral part of the hippocampus (seven tetrodes; Royer et al., 2010). Only neurons recorded from the dorsal hippoc ...
... staggered to provide a two-dimensional arrangement (20-lm vertical separation). In four rats, eight independently movable wire tetrodes aimed to record from the dorsal (one tetrode) and ventral part of the hippocampus (seven tetrodes; Royer et al., 2010). Only neurons recorded from the dorsal hippoc ...
1 - Test Bank
... b. is not yet known, despite years of research c. is extremely flexible and complex, similar to human spoken language d. involves neurons transitioning from one of four different electrochemical states to another Incorrect. Neurons really only have two “solid” states, on or off. Answer: a Difficulty ...
... b. is not yet known, despite years of research c. is extremely flexible and complex, similar to human spoken language d. involves neurons transitioning from one of four different electrochemical states to another Incorrect. Neurons really only have two “solid” states, on or off. Answer: a Difficulty ...
NIH Public Access
... As will become apparent in this review, much of the investigation into the role of mitochondrial Ca2+ transport in CNS diseases has focused around the induction of the permeability transition. There has been some controversy over the nature or even existence of the permeability transition in isolate ...
... As will become apparent in this review, much of the investigation into the role of mitochondrial Ca2+ transport in CNS diseases has focused around the induction of the permeability transition. There has been some controversy over the nature or even existence of the permeability transition in isolate ...
Motif distribution, dynamical properties, and computational
... and inhibitory neocortical neurons, to which we will refer as functional connectivity in this paper. The second dataset assembled by Binzegger et al. (2004) was predicted from bouton and target densities in cat primary visual cortex estimated from three-dimensional cell reconstructions. This dataset ...
... and inhibitory neocortical neurons, to which we will refer as functional connectivity in this paper. The second dataset assembled by Binzegger et al. (2004) was predicted from bouton and target densities in cat primary visual cortex estimated from three-dimensional cell reconstructions. This dataset ...
Modulation of premotor circuits controlling locomotor activity by
... supraspinal brain structures and circuits in the spinal cord. Understanding how the central nervous system generates a large repertoire of motor sequences, coordinate limbs and body orientation in an ever-changing environment while adapting to a myriad of sensory cues remains a central question in t ...
... supraspinal brain structures and circuits in the spinal cord. Understanding how the central nervous system generates a large repertoire of motor sequences, coordinate limbs and body orientation in an ever-changing environment while adapting to a myriad of sensory cues remains a central question in t ...
Examination of Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH)
... is also present in the cerebral cortex with relatively low activity, but in humans, D1 is absent from the CNS [21, 22]. The main source of extra-thyroidal T3 is type 2 deiodinase (D2) that converts T4 to T3 by 5’-monodeiodination of the outer ring of the molecule [14, 18]. In addition to regulating ...
... is also present in the cerebral cortex with relatively low activity, but in humans, D1 is absent from the CNS [21, 22]. The main source of extra-thyroidal T3 is type 2 deiodinase (D2) that converts T4 to T3 by 5’-monodeiodination of the outer ring of the molecule [14, 18]. In addition to regulating ...
Presynaptic Inhibition of Exteroceptive Afferents by Proprioceptive
... 1984). Large depolarizations occur in the central terminals of these wind-sensitive hairs in the locust when a sensory neuron, thought to monitor cereal movements, is stimulated (Boyan 1988). The identity of this presumedproprioceptive sensory neuron is unknown. The depolarization that it evokes in ...
... 1984). Large depolarizations occur in the central terminals of these wind-sensitive hairs in the locust when a sensory neuron, thought to monitor cereal movements, is stimulated (Boyan 1988). The identity of this presumedproprioceptive sensory neuron is unknown. The depolarization that it evokes in ...
Functional Microarchitecture of Cat Primary Visual Cortex
... the neurons’ responses to that of the local field potential (LFP) recorded in close vicinity. We found that preferred direction, preferred orientation, and orientation tuning width were more clustered than would be expected from a random distribution. However, preferred phase, direction selectivity, ...
... the neurons’ responses to that of the local field potential (LFP) recorded in close vicinity. We found that preferred direction, preferred orientation, and orientation tuning width were more clustered than would be expected from a random distribution. However, preferred phase, direction selectivity, ...
Chapter 9 The Nervous System
... • Helps control muscle contractions to produce coordinated movements so that we can maintain balance, move smoothly, and sustain normal postures • Recent evidence shows the coordinating effects of the cerebellum may be more extensive, also assisting the cerebrum and other regions of the brain ...
... • Helps control muscle contractions to produce coordinated movements so that we can maintain balance, move smoothly, and sustain normal postures • Recent evidence shows the coordinating effects of the cerebellum may be more extensive, also assisting the cerebrum and other regions of the brain ...
Chapter 9 The Nervous System
... • Helps control muscle contractions to produce coordinated movements so that we can maintain balance, move smoothly, and sustain normal postures • Recent evidence shows the coordinating effects of the cerebellum may be more extensive, also assisting the cerebrum and other regions of the brain ...
... • Helps control muscle contractions to produce coordinated movements so that we can maintain balance, move smoothly, and sustain normal postures • Recent evidence shows the coordinating effects of the cerebellum may be more extensive, also assisting the cerebrum and other regions of the brain ...