![1. The subject of comparative typology and its aims. Comparative](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/009092279_1-30cbf133f2cae401fc722e26482af5b3-300x300.png)
1. The subject of comparative typology and its aims. Comparative
... A language family is a group of languages related by descent from a common ancestor, called the protolanguage of that family. There are over 100 language families in the world. The most widespread language families are: The Indo-European Family The most widely studied family of languages and the fam ...
... A language family is a group of languages related by descent from a common ancestor, called the protolanguage of that family. There are over 100 language families in the world. The most widespread language families are: The Indo-European Family The most widely studied family of languages and the fam ...
C16-1116 - Association for Computational Linguistics
... headwords, before then mapping these headwords into various categories using WordNet (Miller, 1995) to achieve an accuracy of 90.8%. Previous work by (Huang et al., 2008), which also makes use of both headwords and WordNet, while using slightly different methods, achieves an accuracy of 89.2%. ...
... headwords, before then mapping these headwords into various categories using WordNet (Miller, 1995) to achieve an accuracy of 90.8%. Previous work by (Huang et al., 2008), which also makes use of both headwords and WordNet, while using slightly different methods, achieves an accuracy of 89.2%. ...
English Reading, Speaking and Listening Plan
... not fit in with what has been taught so far. Increasingly, however, pupils also need to understand the role of morphology and etymology. Although particular GPCs in root words simply have to be learnt, teachers can help pupils to understand relationships between meaning and spelling where these are ...
... not fit in with what has been taught so far. Increasingly, however, pupils also need to understand the role of morphology and etymology. Although particular GPCs in root words simply have to be learnt, teachers can help pupils to understand relationships between meaning and spelling where these are ...
Natural Language Processing
... The process of computer analysis of input provided in a human language is known as Natural Language Processing. ...
... The process of computer analysis of input provided in a human language is known as Natural Language Processing. ...
New perspectives in analyzing aspectual distinctions across
... these constraints are not of an obligatory nature; they simply propel the speaker in a certain direction when formulating a message, while still leaving a number of options. One such option is the choice between presenting a given event as “ongoing” or as “completed”, illustrated above for English i ...
... these constraints are not of an obligatory nature; they simply propel the speaker in a certain direction when formulating a message, while still leaving a number of options. One such option is the choice between presenting a given event as “ongoing” or as “completed”, illustrated above for English i ...
The Welsh Vocabulary Builder 1
... (mainly post 1970) Welsh prose writing. . . The sample included materials from the fields of novels and short stories, religious writing, children's literature both factual and fiction, non-fiction materials in the fields of education, science, business, leisure activities, etc., public lectures, ne ...
... (mainly post 1970) Welsh prose writing. . . The sample included materials from the fields of novels and short stories, religious writing, children's literature both factual and fiction, non-fiction materials in the fields of education, science, business, leisure activities, etc., public lectures, ne ...
Conjunctions and Interjections
... *note: many subordinating conjunctions can also be used as a preposition; -when followed by a noun as the object, the word is a preposition; -when followed by a subject and verb, the word is a subordinating conjunction ...
... *note: many subordinating conjunctions can also be used as a preposition; -when followed by a noun as the object, the word is a preposition; -when followed by a subject and verb, the word is a subordinating conjunction ...
1 INTRODUCTION TO MORPHOLOGY © 2002
... morphology, but of course, complex verbs also inflect. In English, we talk of the verb play, but the proper analogue for Russian would be the verb stem c&ita-. Some linguists find it awkward to speak of “forms of the verb” in cases where the verb is not a word, but just a stem. For this reason, the ...
... morphology, but of course, complex verbs also inflect. In English, we talk of the verb play, but the proper analogue for Russian would be the verb stem c&ita-. Some linguists find it awkward to speak of “forms of the verb” in cases where the verb is not a word, but just a stem. For this reason, the ...
Generating Text with Hidden Meaning
... is realized through a process of composition. First the symbol labeled A is realized. Next B1 and B2 are realized individually and then combined to form B. Now, A and B can themselves be combined to form the clue. Each realization is a fragment of text, and I refer to each of these fragments as a ch ...
... is realized through a process of composition. First the symbol labeled A is realized. Next B1 and B2 are realized individually and then combined to form B. Now, A and B can themselves be combined to form the clue. Each realization is a fragment of text, and I refer to each of these fragments as a ch ...
word-formation and the lexicon
... on the analogy of scrutin~ : scrutinize , or the verb, on the analogy of investigatev: :NvestigationN¥ And in cases like boneN: bonev, surely the noun is basic, but what overt derivational pattern authorizes that conclusion? A more promising approach will seek to ground "zero derivation" in the over ...
... on the analogy of scrutin~ : scrutinize , or the verb, on the analogy of investigatev: :NvestigationN¥ And in cases like boneN: bonev, surely the noun is basic, but what overt derivational pattern authorizes that conclusion? A more promising approach will seek to ground "zero derivation" in the over ...
Syntactic category information and the semantics of
... taking two different kinds of input word-classes. The decision for or against affix homophony in table (4) was therefore made on an output-oriented basis. This means that, at least for category-determining affixes, the derivatives of a certain morphological category can be characterized uniquely in ...
... taking two different kinds of input word-classes. The decision for or against affix homophony in table (4) was therefore made on an output-oriented basis. This means that, at least for category-determining affixes, the derivatives of a certain morphological category can be characterized uniquely in ...
Positional and Grammatical Variations of Time Words in Takivatan
... also the only form that has never been attested with any verbal morphology. Another common form is laupadau ‘now’. It consists of laupa and the mirative suffix -dau, which marks the emotional involvement of the speaker, for instance surprise or happiness (‘now!?’).1 The remaining tokens of laupa in ...
... also the only form that has never been attested with any verbal morphology. Another common form is laupadau ‘now’. It consists of laupa and the mirative suffix -dau, which marks the emotional involvement of the speaker, for instance surprise or happiness (‘now!?’).1 The remaining tokens of laupa in ...
Error Patterns in the Storytelling of a Trilingual Child
... suggests that SM’s errors in this category differ chiefly in quantity from those made by monolingual children, persist to a later age, and are perhaps in some cases fossilized. They are particularly interesting in the present study because their frequency differs markedly among SM’s three languages. ...
... suggests that SM’s errors in this category differ chiefly in quantity from those made by monolingual children, persist to a later age, and are perhaps in some cases fossilized. They are particularly interesting in the present study because their frequency differs markedly among SM’s three languages. ...
First Steps towards the Semi-automatic Development of a
... (B) is divided into two subtasks: 1. each complex lexeme is assigned a WFR. This task is performed in semi-automatic fashion by using a program that assigns to each (possibly) complex lexeme its most likely WFR according to the PoS of the lexeme and the string of its initial (prefixal rules) and fin ...
... (B) is divided into two subtasks: 1. each complex lexeme is assigned a WFR. This task is performed in semi-automatic fashion by using a program that assigns to each (possibly) complex lexeme its most likely WFR according to the PoS of the lexeme and the string of its initial (prefixal rules) and fin ...
PrepNet: a Multilingual Lexical Description of Prepositions
... is very productive. Besides this case, we have a number of metaphors, such as: write with your heart, fight with your head, etc. These are not essentially different from metaphors observed in other situations (Lakoff and Johnson 99). 4.4. The overlap instrument-manner In a number of cases, it is not ...
... is very productive. Besides this case, we have a number of metaphors, such as: write with your heart, fight with your head, etc. These are not essentially different from metaphors observed in other situations (Lakoff and Johnson 99). 4.4. The overlap instrument-manner In a number of cases, it is not ...
Do Function Words Belong to Part of Speech?
... These days there is an urgent issue to distinguish primary meaning of function words and its significance in the usage as it still requires careful study. It is one of the problems of functional grammar. Thus to systemize meanings and significance of function is very crucial. For example, function w ...
... These days there is an urgent issue to distinguish primary meaning of function words and its significance in the usage as it still requires careful study. It is one of the problems of functional grammar. Thus to systemize meanings and significance of function is very crucial. For example, function w ...
8.1 English Word Classes
... possession or just an abstract relation between the person and some objects. – Wh-pronouns: used in certain question forms, or may act as complementizer. ...
... possession or just an abstract relation between the person and some objects. – Wh-pronouns: used in certain question forms, or may act as complementizer. ...
as Adobe PDF - Edinburgh Research Explorer
... in the objects the words pick out. It would appear, in fact, that humans typically don’t entertain full synonymy and when presented with particular synonyms in context will try and provide explanations of (possibly imaginary) differences. Such an effect would be explicable in terms of some pragmatic ...
... in the objects the words pick out. It would appear, in fact, that humans typically don’t entertain full synonymy and when presented with particular synonyms in context will try and provide explanations of (possibly imaginary) differences. Such an effect would be explicable in terms of some pragmatic ...
language
... conventionally accepted and employed. Words in a language are not mere signs or figures, but symbols of meaning. The intelligibility of a language depends on a correct interpretation of these symbols. 5-Language is Systematic: Although language is symbolic, yet its symbols are arranged in a particul ...
... conventionally accepted and employed. Words in a language are not mere signs or figures, but symbols of meaning. The intelligibility of a language depends on a correct interpretation of these symbols. 5-Language is Systematic: Although language is symbolic, yet its symbols are arranged in a particul ...
this PDF file - Journal of Teaching English for Specific
... the word, they can still use "tree" and nobody would notice any deficiencies in lexical development. Similarly, if a learner was not familiar with the word "mansion" and used the expression of "a splendid, large house" instead, nobody would notice any deficiencies but they may still seem to be a ver ...
... the word, they can still use "tree" and nobody would notice any deficiencies in lexical development. Similarly, if a learner was not familiar with the word "mansion" and used the expression of "a splendid, large house" instead, nobody would notice any deficiencies but they may still seem to be a ver ...
language transfer in the compositions written by upper secondary
... Meriläinen (2010) presented in her dissertation on lexical transfer when it comes to word meaning and word use level. These terms were originally introduced by Nation (2001: 27). In my own study, I am also going to apply the theoretical framework of Nation. Meriläinen´s and my findings are going to ...
... Meriläinen (2010) presented in her dissertation on lexical transfer when it comes to word meaning and word use level. These terms were originally introduced by Nation (2001: 27). In my own study, I am also going to apply the theoretical framework of Nation. Meriläinen´s and my findings are going to ...
A Metaphor for Aspect in Slavic
... NOW and its interactions with substances (where co-location is possible), and other solids (where co-location is not possible). In the South the auxiliary verb is derived from xotěti ‘want’ and it is used with both imperfective and perfective verbs. Perfective nonpast forms with a future reading are ...
... NOW and its interactions with substances (where co-location is possible), and other solids (where co-location is not possible). In the South the auxiliary verb is derived from xotěti ‘want’ and it is used with both imperfective and perfective verbs. Perfective nonpast forms with a future reading are ...
Cognitive Primitives of Collective Intentions
... be rational. In consequence, both know that rabbit-hunting is the risk-dominant strategy. As a result: (i) P1 has the intention to rabbit-hunt (ii) P1 believes that P2 will rabbit-hunt (iii) P1 believes that P2 believes that P1 will rabbit-hunt Thus, according to Tuomela and Miller’s analysis of col ...
... be rational. In consequence, both know that rabbit-hunting is the risk-dominant strategy. As a result: (i) P1 has the intention to rabbit-hunt (ii) P1 believes that P2 will rabbit-hunt (iii) P1 believes that P2 believes that P1 will rabbit-hunt Thus, according to Tuomela and Miller’s analysis of col ...
Agglutination
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Trilingv.jpg?width=300)
Agglutination is a process in linguistic morphology derivation in which complex words are formed by stringing together morphemes without changing them in spelling or phonetics. Languages that use agglutination widely are called agglutinative languages. An example of such a language is Turkish, where for example, the word evlerinizden, or ""from your houses,"" consists of the morphemes, ev-ler-iniz-den with the meanings house-plural-your-from.Agglutinative languages are often contrasted both with languages in which syntactic structure is expressed solely by means of word order and auxiliary words (isolating languages) and with languages in which a single affix typically expresses several syntactic categories and a single category may be expressed by several different affixes (as is the case in inflectional (fusional) languages). However, both fusional and isolating languages may use agglutination in the most-often-used constructs, and use agglutination heavily in certain contexts, such as word derivation. This is the case in English, which has an agglutinated plural marker -(e)s and derived words such as shame·less·ness.Agglutinative suffixes are often inserted irrespective of syllabic boundaries, for example, by adding a consonant to the syllable coda as in English tie – ties. Agglutinative languages also have large inventories of enclitics, which can be and are separated from the word root by native speakers in daily usage.Note that the term agglutination is sometimes used more generally to refer to the morphological process of adding suffixes or other morphemes to the base of a word. This is treated in more detail in the section on other uses of the term.