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Action Potentials & Nerve Conduction
Action Potentials & Nerve Conduction

... •A graded potential depolarization is called excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP). A graded potential hyperpolarization is called an inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSP). •They occur in the cell body and dendrites of the neuron. •The wave of depolarization or hyperpolarization which moves ...
Kevin
Kevin

... 4. Special gates or channels open and let through a flood of charged particles (ions of Ca, Na, K, Cl). 5. The potential charge of the receiving neuron is changed and starts a new electrical signal, which represents the message received. 6. This takes less than one five-hundredths of a second; the m ...
數位訊號處理概論: Biomedical Signal Processing
數位訊號處理概論: Biomedical Signal Processing

... due to the fact that any distortion in the signal must alter the physiological meaning and may lead to incorrect diagnosis. Therefore, formal clinical evaluations are often required for such compression schemes for biomedical signals. Spectral analysis: Frequency content of biomedical signals may al ...
BRAIN
BRAIN

... • Vestibulocerebellum – balance and control of eye movement • Spinocerebellum – enhances muscle tone and coordinates skilled voluntary movement – important in synchronization and timing – Role of spinocerebellum in subconscious control of voluntary movement • Motor cortex >> command to muscles and i ...
File
File

... • Corpus callosum: is a band of commissural fibers that connects the right cerebral hemisphere to the left ...
Sensory, Motor, and Integrative Systems
Sensory, Motor, and Integrative Systems

... – Acute - fast (.1 sec), sharp sensation, carried via medium-sized A-delta fibers – Chronic - slow (1 sec), growing, burning, aching or throbbing pain, carried via unmyelinated C fibers, more diffuse than acute pain • Visceral pain - usually not localized – Referred pain - visceral pain that is expe ...
Lab #7: Nerve Pathways and Somatosensory Physiology
Lab #7: Nerve Pathways and Somatosensory Physiology

... phasic receptors. Other sensors, however, show little sensory adaptation with continuous stimulation, and continue to generate action potentials at a constant rate as long as the stimulus is applied. These sensors are called tonic receptors. Somatosensory receptors, like all sensory receptors, funct ...
Magnetic Stimulation Of Curved Nerves Assaf Rotem, Elisha Moses
Magnetic Stimulation Of Curved Nerves Assaf Rotem, Elisha Moses

... Background - Motivation SINCE the first Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) was conducted by Barker et al. [4] in 1985, it has become a remarkable tool for neuroscience research. As a painless means to probe into human brains, TMS continuously gains diagnostic and therapeutic applications [5] - ...
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

... – ___________________________has auditory area and has olafactory area – _________________________is primary motor area/the axons of these motor neurons make ________-major voluntary motor tract and it descends to cord-pathways again crossed – _________is map on motor cortex Occipital lobe Frontal l ...
CNS and The Brain PP - Rincon History Department
CNS and The Brain PP - Rincon History Department

... specializes in receiving stimulation from skin senses on the shoulder, the person may report that they have been touched on the shoulder. ...
Chapter 13
Chapter 13

... responses in which the performance of one response serves as a signal that the next response must be made (e.g push in lever, then turn in to the left) Premotor cortex plays a role in programming complex movements, and using sensory info to select a particular movement  Concerned with where in spac ...
File
File

... The nervous system receives information from the _____________ through our senses and it controls how the body reacts to that information The nervous system maintains ________________by coordinating ______ the body systems The nervous system is the center for ______________ and _____________ The sen ...
Nervous and Endocrine Systems
Nervous and Endocrine Systems

... Nerves, electrical cables formed of bundles of axons, link the CNS with the body’s sensory receptors, muscles, and glands. The optic nerve, for example, bundles a million axons into a single cable carrying the messages each eye sends to the brain. Information travels through three types of neurons 1 ...
Nervous and Muscular System
Nervous and Muscular System

... of the brain connected to spinal cord – Consists of: midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata – Functions to: control the flow of messages between the brain and body; control breathing, swallowing, heart rate, blood pressure, consciousness; and identify if one is awake/alert or tired/sleepy ...
Unit XIV: Regulation
Unit XIV: Regulation

... - Cerebrum – larger in humans than other organisms - many convolutions – increase surface area - senses, motor, associative functions (memory thought, reasoning) - voluntary movement ...
EXAM 1 Study Guide
EXAM 1 Study Guide

... 2) requirements: in order for modal action pattern to develop, organism must be exposed to the sign stimulus during the critical period in the organism’s development 3) Types of stimuli: a supernormal stimulus can elicit and exaggerated response. Habituation: 1) def: Learning not to make a response ...
Cranial Nerves
Cranial Nerves

... superior orbital fissure on its way to the eye. CN III innervates three of the four rectus muscles (superior, inferior, and medial) and the inferior oblique muscle. Other muscles innervated by CN III are the levator palpebrae superioris (upper eyelid elevation), iris sphincter (pupil constriction), ...
NVCC Bio 211 - gserianne.com
NVCC Bio 211 - gserianne.com

... • Ascending tracts conduct sensory impulses to the brain • Descending tracts conduct motor impulses from the brain to motor neurons reaching muscles and glands Tract: Contains axons that share a common origin and destination Tracts are usually named for their place of origin (1st) and ...
Control and Coordination
Control and Coordination

... neurons and the neurons that connect them to the nerve cord, spinal cord and brain, which make up the central nervous system. In response to stimuli, sensory neurons generate and propagate signals to the central nervous system which then processes and conducts signals back to the muscles and glands. ...
Control and Coordination(converted)
Control and Coordination(converted)

... neurons and the neurons that connect them to the nerve cord, spinal cord and brain, which make up the central nervous system. In response to stimuli, sensory neurons generate and propagate signals to the central nervous system which then processes and conducts signals back to the muscles and glands. ...
physiology 1 lab: general cutaneous sensations
physiology 1 lab: general cutaneous sensations

... less, or stop responding altogether, when the stimulus remains constant. This decrease in the level of response despite continued stimulation is called sensory adaptation. One result of sensory adaptation is that our perceived sensation of cold is greater while skin temperature is falling, as compar ...
ch 16 sensory motor systems
ch 16 sensory motor systems

... IV. SOMATIC SENSORY PATHWAYS A. Somatic sensory pathways relay information from somatic receptors to the primary somatosensory area in the cerebral cortex. 1. The pathways consist of first-order, second-order, and third-order neurons. 2. Axon collaterals of somatic sensory neurons simultaneously car ...
Spinal Cord Physiology PPT
Spinal Cord Physiology PPT

... • The anterior white commissure connects the white matter on right and left sides • The ventral and dorsal gray horns divide the white matter into the ventral white columns, dorsal white columns, and lateral white columns ...
Nervous System Nervous system
Nervous System Nervous system

... Most nerves have axons of both sensory neurons and motor neurons ...
PNS
PNS

... innervation of skin are related ...
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Evoked potential

An evoked potential or evoked response is an electrical potential recorded from the nervous system of a human or other animal following presentation of a stimulus, as distinct from spontaneous potentials as detected by electroencephalography (EEG), electromyography (EMG), or other electrophysiological recording method.Evoked potential amplitudes tend to be low, ranging from less than a microvolt to several microvolts, compared to tens of microvolts for EEG, millivolts for EMG, and often close to a volt for ECG. To resolve these low-amplitude potentials against the background of ongoing EEG, ECG, EMG, and other biological signals and ambient noise, signal averaging is usually required. The signal is time-locked to the stimulus and most of the noise occurs randomly, allowing the noise to be averaged out with averaging of repeated responses.Signals can be recorded from cerebral cortex, brain stem, spinal cord and peripheral nerves. Usually the term ""evoked potential"" is reserved for responses involving either recording from, or stimulation of, central nervous system structures. Thus evoked compound motor action potentials (CMAP) or sensory nerve action potentials (SNAP) as used in nerve conduction studies (NCS) are generally not thought of as evoked potentials, though they do meet the above definition.
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