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X - Louisiana Tech University
X - Louisiana Tech University

... Meningitis affects 50,000 Americans each year (Johnson et al., 1999). to: According to Johnson et al. (1999), “Meningitis affects 50,000 Americans each year.” In this sentence, the version with the quote sounds as if you are shedding some doubt on what Johnson et al. have said. Contractions 1. You s ...
Morphology and a More `Morphological`
Morphology and a More `Morphological`

... same methods. Somewhat ironically, perhaps, generative theory long maintained the converse: that morphology was just the syntax of word-internal domains, with no real properties of its own. The last three decades or so have seen a revival of interest in morphology for its own sake, and with that, a ...
Arguments desperately seeking Interpretation: Parsing German
Arguments desperately seeking Interpretation: Parsing German

... verb second, scrambling, and extraposition. The verb second constraint requires that the tensed verb occupies the second position of the main clause; for the first position, however, a large number of constituents (XP) is possible, such as the subject, an object, an adjunct, an empty operator. Scram ...
verb
verb

... 3. Ask the question who or what after the subject and the verb to find the direct object. 4. Replace the direct object with a direct object pronoun (DOP). 5. Rewrite the sentence with DOP before the conjugated verb. ...
Theme #2 (PB pgs. 77-133) - Willows Unified School District
Theme #2 (PB pgs. 77-133) - Willows Unified School District

... hangar ...
AnaPro, tool for identification and resolution of direct anaphora
AnaPro, tool for identification and resolution of direct anaphora

... information to be communicated and how it is to be done, in what order, with what degree of accuracy or detail, with which structure. Broadly speaking, we can say that coherence is the property responsible for the quantity, quality and structuring of information. It is basically semantic; therefore, ...
Towards Proto
Towards Proto

... • “strong” unalterable initial consonants in Southwestern Mande; • special plural marker *-NI in SWM; • no article/noun morpheme added in numerous Western Mande languages. Reconstruction: prefix *Ń-, pl. suffix *-ni (?). ...
Key LSA 7 Grammar Seminar 2015 2
Key LSA 7 Grammar Seminar 2015 2

... reference to a group of people. The adjective can thus remain the head of the noun phrase in English, but the definite article is required before it even though the blind has generic reference. An alternative would be to insert a head noun (e.g. people), but then the definite article must not be use ...
Sentence Patterns - Mrs. Rubach`s Room
Sentence Patterns - Mrs. Rubach`s Room

... -Object of a Preposition: tells who or what after the preposition (OP); follows a preposition -Direct Object: tells who or what after an action verb (DO); follows an action verb -Appositive: tells who or what directly after another noun, renaming that noun (App.); follows another noun -Predicate Nom ...
Sentence Patterns
Sentence Patterns

... -Object of a Preposition: tells who or what after the preposition (OP); follows a preposition -Direct Object: tells who or what after an action verb (DO); follows an action verb -Appositive: tells who or what directly after another noun, renaming that noun (App.); follows another noun -Predicate Nom ...
Link to - Computational Event Data System
Link to - Computational Event Data System

... processing works with this array of integers rather than the original text. Syntactic processing (involves multiple words) The next step involves locating noun and verb phrases in the sentence. In many cases, these involve single words, but can also involve multiple words (e.g. “President Bill Clint ...
The grammaticalization of tense markers : A
The grammaticalization of tense markers : A

... may subsequently generalize to other contexts (for example, the be going to future originated in clauses containing subjects capable of physical movement, but subsequently generalized to contexts with other kinds of ...
Appendix C - Pearson Custom
Appendix C - Pearson Custom

... I will watch TV. avoiding the alternate, I will watch TV after I finish my homework. ...
Direct Object Pronouns
Direct Object Pronouns

... in a conversation or in a text. •If you see or use a DOP, you know that implicitly you are referring or should refer to an object already mentioned in the conversation or text. •DOPs can replace only nouns, that is a special type of noun  the direct object. •Direct objects are nouns that receive di ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... Lincoln, speaking from notes on an old __ the famous Gettysburg Address in only two minutes time. (A) (B) ...
this PDF file
this PDF file

... strings and that the speaker has the ability to judge a certain string to be either acceptable or not in his language. Both acceptability and grammaticality are considered as gradient properties by Chomsky and are typically expressed with a combination of ‘?’ for questioning, * for ungrammatical str ...
Grammar Practice Workbook
Grammar Practice Workbook

... 4. During last month’s storm, hail hit our roof loudly. __________________ chatter 5. Those three girls talk constantly. __________________ ...
These notes accompany the Podcast lesson that you can
These notes accompany the Podcast lesson that you can

... This is similar to English phrases with the verb "to be fond of". In English we say things like, "I am fond of strawberries and cream." We would never say in English, "I am fond strawberries and cream." In the same way, in Portuguese we have to include the preposition de "of". We should make you awa ...
Participle I of German Language and its Corresponding
Participle I of German Language and its Corresponding

... studies have been nonfinite forms of the verb, which are widely studied with regard to their method of construction, their morphological particularities and their syntactical functions. They are not only studied as part of the verbal system of a particular language, but have also been subject to com ...
Grammar Practice Workbook
Grammar Practice Workbook

... 4. During last month’s storm, hail hit our roof loudly. __________________ chatter 5. Those three girls talk constantly. __________________ ...
RHETORICAL SKILLS ••••i
RHETORICAL SKILLS ••••i

... In this sentence, football is a non-coordinate adjective, different from the coordinate adjectives tail and powerful. You cannot put and between powerful and football nor can you move the word football. Other examples of non-coordinate adjectives are doll house, art museum, computer science, and whe ...
perfect - Michel Thomas
perfect - Michel Thomas

... je˛zyk ‘language’; je˛zyk polski ‘the Polish language’. Polski comes after je˛zyk here because it is an adjective that has no opposite. Adjectives that do have an opposite, e.g. ‘dark’, come before the noun: ciemne piwo ‘dark beer’. uczyć sie˛ ‘to learn’ takes the prefix na to form its perfective f ...
The semantic constraints on the VERB + zhĕ nouns in
The semantic constraints on the VERB + zhĕ nouns in

... In this paper, my focus will be on the combination of verbs and –zhe, as in (1c). Noun/adjective-zhe will not be included in my discussion. In terms of verbs, the suffix –zhe can attach to (i) a verb on the lexical level, (ii) a verb with an aspect marker, and (iii) a verb plus a resultative verb co ...
Complex Feature Values - NTU Computational Linguistics Lab
Complex Feature Values - NTU Computational Linguistics Lab

... in list-valued valence features. ➢ The elements of the lists are themselves feature structures ➢ The elements are “cancelled” off the lists once heads combine with their complements and specifiers. ...
Participant pack Module 7a Developing the personal English skills
Participant pack Module 7a Developing the personal English skills

... into smaller units of meaning. Suffixes and prefixes are morphemes. Morphology deals with the structure of words and how this affects meaning, e.g. take / takes; faith / faithful / unfaithful / unfaithfulness. The many modes through which we read, write, hear, etc. For example, song is a mode of hea ...
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Scottish Gaelic grammar



This article describes the grammar of the Scottish Gaelic language.
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