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Origins and development of adjectival passives in Spanish: A corpus
Origins and development of adjectival passives in Spanish: A corpus

... Table 1: Uses of ser, estar and SEDERE in Old Spanish. Table adapted from Batllori and Roca (2011). Jiwarli (see also Coromines (1954), Seiler (1985), Thornell (1997) and Austin (1998), respectively, for the original sources). In this paper we explore the origins and development of adjectival passiv ...
A grammar of Lha`alua, an Austronesian language of Taiwan
A grammar of Lha`alua, an Austronesian language of Taiwan

... bound pronoun is a core argument either in S function or in A function, whereas the independent pronoun is either a core argument in S (when topicalized), E, A or O function or a peripheral argument. Prefixation is productive, whereas other affixations are not. Reduplication is widely deployed. The ...
Pronominal clitic dependencies
Pronominal clitic dependencies

... understanding of clitic dependencies. Unfortunately these questions remain largely mysterious.1 I will return in section 5 to considerations bearing on some of these questions. It should also be noted that although several of these elements can cooccur, sentences with four (and sometimes three) obje ...
Different forms, different meanings?
Different forms, different meanings?

... which has been defined as : “[t]he meaning of a word considered in isolation from the sentence containing it, and regardless of its grammatical context” (Oxford Dictionary http://oxforddictionaries.com), “the equivalent to the commonly used, less technical (but ambiguous), term ‘word-meaning’” (Lyon ...
Free from “www.pawankumar.org”. © All copyrights are
Free from “www.pawankumar.org”. © All copyrights are

... I wrote the pronunciations in Hindi because psychologically many students still have the fear of learning „Another Foreign Language‟, when they are not perfect enough in English. Hindi pronunciations help them overcome this fear and give them „The Vision‟ which they are familiar with. I gave an equi ...
The semantics of existence
The semantics of existence

... certain other sentences that can be used to express existence, in particular theresentences and existentially quantified sentences. There-sentences and quantificational sentences may involve a significantly greater domain of entities than what exist could be true of. This may suggest that exist is o ...
HAVE + PERFECT PARTICIPLE
HAVE + PERFECT PARTICIPLE

... change as have loses its possessive meaning. In this dissertation, I demonstrate that the traditional view is untenable and readdress two fundamental questions about the development of have-perfects: (i) how is the early ability of have to predicate possession connected with its later role in the pe ...
Title of paper - Semantics Archive
Title of paper - Semantics Archive

... take on a camping trip‟. These are goal-derived categories that are created spontaneously for use in more or less specialized contexts. Under this perspective adjectival passives may be seen as a means to extend and contextualize a concept‟s property space with respect to contextually salient goals. ...
Building event-based ad hoc properties: On the
Building event-based ad hoc properties: On the

... take on a camping trip’. These are goal-derived categories that are created spontaneously for use in more or less specialized contexts. Under this perspective adjectival passives may be seen as a means to extend and contextualize a concept’s property space with respect to contextually salient goals. ...
A Grammar of Bora with Special Attention to Tone
A Grammar of Bora with Special Attention to Tone

... 4.3.2.3 -ːve ‘sIn’ and -te ‘become’ . . . . . . . 4.3.2.4 -va ‘have’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3.2.5 -jkimei ‘behave like’ . . . . . . . . . . ...
Daily Grammar Practice - Public Schools of Robeson County
Daily Grammar Practice - Public Schools of Robeson County

... Sometimes a verb can be more than one word. When a verb is more than one word, it is called a verb phrase. Verb phrases can be two, three, or four words. Using auxiliary or helping verbs makes verb phrases. There are twenty-three (23) helping verbs that should be memorized since they are used so oft ...
Spanish!Grammar!
Spanish!Grammar!

... vocabulary. This book, however, because of its small vocabulary, can be used effectively by those desiring to complete the grammar in one semester. LOGICAL SEQUENCE OF PRESENTATION. Any sequence of grammar lessons that ever has been, or ever can be, devised, will be subject to harsh criticism, sinc ...
Practice Makes Perfect Spanish Verb Tenses, Second
Practice Makes Perfect Spanish Verb Tenses, Second

... that the book has done its intended job well. Thus, my first thanks go to the many students who made such extensive use of the first edition that this second edition was needed. I would be remiss not to acknowledge again those persons who were instrumental in the preparation of the first edition: Gi ...
existence - Semantics Archive
existence - Semantics Archive

... views about that notion can be found throughout the history of philosophy. While some philosophers think that notions of existence and ontological commitment can and perhaps should be pursued independently of the linguistic form of the relevant sentences, the linguistic form of statements of existen ...


... provide a formal account of the relational semantic determinants of 'aux-selection' in languages like Italian and French. Secondly, I argue that the progressive construction can be analyzed as involving a locative unaccusative structure over that argument structure lexically associated to the verbal ...
18 The Instrumental Case Feminine declension nouns Masculine
18 The Instrumental Case Feminine declension nouns Masculine

... person/object evaluated positively/negatively A path, because it facilitates movement, can also be conceived of as a facilitator for action, an instrument, or a means (think of our English expression of a way to do things , where we also understand means and instruments in terms of a path by using t ...
grammaticalization and the semantic
grammaticalization and the semantic

... Modal verbs in English and German have two main uses. One of these uses, commonly known as deontic, concerns conditions of the subject. The other use, epistemic, focuses on the speaker’s attitude towards the proposition. These disparate uses have not always existed in English and German; they are th ...
Ancient North Arabian
Ancient North Arabian

... The dialects of Ancient North Arabian on which we have most information are Dadanitic and Safaitic. The discussion below will therefore concentrate mainly on these, with details from the others where they are available. The principal resource in the interpretation of the Ancient North Arabian inscri ...
Perfect - utdiscamusomnes
Perfect - utdiscamusomnes

... Caput XVIII: Deponents; perfect passive participles 18A.There is a certain class of verbs, called deponent, that only show passive forms--but have more or less active meanings. and often take a direct object. You are familiar with the English use of the Latin term non sequitur, which means “it doesn ...
A GRAMMAR OF THE HITTITE LANGUAGE Part 1
A GRAMMAR OF THE HITTITE LANGUAGE Part 1

... The slanted equal sign (⸗) in Hittite transcriptions indicates a boundary before a clitic element. Since there is no convenient transliteration for the marker wedges that Hittite scribes prefixed to forms exhibiting foreign or unusual elements, we follow the CHD practice of using a graphic representa ...
Full text - Universiteit Leiden
Full text - Universiteit Leiden

... me ride with them to Dili and Iliomar a number of times. Not having to take the bus, which departs at an ungodly hour in the morning, allowed me to get some additional hours of sleep, which I appreciated a lot. I would also like to thank my host family in Medan, Jakarta and Bandung, whom I visited o ...
View/Open - Minerva Access
View/Open - Minerva Access

... Oksapmin, a Papuan (Non-Austronesian) language of Papua New Guinea. Oksapmin is spoken by around 8000 people, most of whom reside in the Tekin valley in Sandaun Province. The analysis in this thesis is based on the study of data from both elicitation and text collection undertaken on two field trips ...
Ahland_oregon_0171A_10546 - Scholars` Bank
Ahland_oregon_0171A_10546 - Scholars` Bank

... morphosyntactic categories, in particular as relator nouns, verbal classifiers, and class morphemes, the final two of which are noun categorization devices. Many of these same body part terms can be incorporated into the verb or form part of lexicalized verb-noun compounds. Deverbal nominalizations ...
Contents - The Okuna Language
Contents - The Okuna Language

... not shied away from using technical terms in cases where I felt this would make the description more precise (to those unfamiliar with these terms, I apologise in advance). That said, I do not present a formal analysis of the language, but have tried to keep my treatment as descriptive as possible. ...
Mungbam grammar - Acsu Buffalo
Mungbam grammar - Acsu Buffalo

... impressions on a variety of literature, and he has always been quick to steer me in a suitable direction if I have shown signs of being influenced by any sort of hare-brained scholarship. Dr. Good has arranged for the funding of both of my field trips, and most importantly responds to emails fast. V ...
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Old Norse morphology

Old Norse has three categories of verb (strong, weak, & present-preterite) and two categories of noun (strong, weak). Conjugation and declension are carried out by a mix of inflection and two nonconcatenative morphological processes: umlaut, a backness-based alteration to the root vowel; and ablaut, a replacement of the root vowel, in verbs.Nouns, adjectives and pronouns are declined in four grammatical cases – nominative, accusative, genitive and dative, in singular and plural. Some pronouns (first and second person) have dual number in addition to singular and plural. The nouns have three grammatical genders – masculine, feminine or neuter - and adjectives and pronouns are declined to match the gender of nouns. The genitive is used partitively, and quite often in compounds and kennings (e.g.: Urðarbrunnr, the well of Urðr; Lokasenna, the gibing of Loki). Most declensions (of nouns and pronouns) use -a as a regular genitive plural ending, and all declensions use -um as their dative plural ending.All neuter words have identical nominative and accusative forms, and all feminine words have identical nominative and accusative plurals.The gender of some words' plurals does not agree with that of their singulars, such as lim and mund.
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