Язык. Константы. Переменные - Observatoire de linguistique
... on 1) some intuitively clear cases in the simplest sentences possible — canonical SyntSubjs, and on 2) a list of cross-linguistically universal syntactically relevant properties of sentence elements. Different Synt-elements are compared to canonical SyntSubjs according to these properties; those Syn ...
... on 1) some intuitively clear cases in the simplest sentences possible — canonical SyntSubjs, and on 2) a list of cross-linguistically universal syntactically relevant properties of sentence elements. Different Synt-elements are compared to canonical SyntSubjs according to these properties; those Syn ...
Year 8 Tracking dates and course content Winter term
... Skills : understanding what people like to do in Paris using ‘j’aime + infinitive’ Subtopic : visiting a tourist attraction Skills : understanding information about a tourist attraction asking for tourist information understanding question words using question words Subtopic : Opinions Skills : sayi ...
... Skills : understanding what people like to do in Paris using ‘j’aime + infinitive’ Subtopic : visiting a tourist attraction Skills : understanding information about a tourist attraction asking for tourist information understanding question words using question words Subtopic : Opinions Skills : sayi ...
TWO CLASSES OF DOUBLE OBJECT VERBS: THE ROLE OF
... Marantz (1993), McGinnis (1998) and Anagnostopoulou (1999a, 1999b) have proposed that in these languages vAPPL assigns morphological dative or genitive case to the argument it introduces, and therefore the indirect object surfaces with dative case morphology. Nevertheless, the indirect object is act ...
... Marantz (1993), McGinnis (1998) and Anagnostopoulou (1999a, 1999b) have proposed that in these languages vAPPL assigns morphological dative or genitive case to the argument it introduces, and therefore the indirect object surfaces with dative case morphology. Nevertheless, the indirect object is act ...
Evidence of optional infinitive verbs in the spontaneous speech of
... with SLI being raised in a US language contact situation, this time with English, Bedore and Leonard (2005) show that in spontaneous production data, the children with SLI they studied produced more errors with their use of 3rd person, plural, present tense verbs than do age controls. It is possible ...
... with SLI being raised in a US language contact situation, this time with English, Bedore and Leonard (2005) show that in spontaneous production data, the children with SLI they studied produced more errors with their use of 3rd person, plural, present tense verbs than do age controls. It is possible ...
Inanimate nouns as subjects in Mi`gmaq
... subjects to investigate agreement patterns. I provide evidence that Mi’gmaq differs from another Algonquian language, Blackfoot, in that Mi’gmaq does allow inanimate nouns in subject position of experiencer verbs and transitive verbs. For transitive verbs, Mi’gmaq data demonstrates that the object’s ...
... subjects to investigate agreement patterns. I provide evidence that Mi’gmaq differs from another Algonquian language, Blackfoot, in that Mi’gmaq does allow inanimate nouns in subject position of experiencer verbs and transitive verbs. For transitive verbs, Mi’gmaq data demonstrates that the object’s ...
The verb krijgen `to get` as an undative verb
... distinction between intransitive, transitive and ditransitive verbs is insufficient. Perlmutter (1978) and Burzio (1986) have shown that the set of monadic verbs (verbs that take a single argument, which is realized as the subject of the clause) can be divided into two distinct subclasses. Next to r ...
... distinction between intransitive, transitive and ditransitive verbs is insufficient. Perlmutter (1978) and Burzio (1986) have shown that the set of monadic verbs (verbs that take a single argument, which is realized as the subject of the clause) can be divided into two distinct subclasses. Next to r ...
MORE THOUGHTS ON THE COMMUNICATIVE FUNCTION OF THE
... system of the verb. Like the English participles i n the passive and in the expanded forms, however, they come to stand near the predicative adjectives. The zero degree of the extent to which the primary categories are conveyed by notional components is reached by the future tense forms (budu volat, ...
... system of the verb. Like the English participles i n the passive and in the expanded forms, however, they come to stand near the predicative adjectives. The zero degree of the extent to which the primary categories are conveyed by notional components is reached by the future tense forms (budu volat, ...
view - Association for Computational Linguistics
... of its components. N-V combinations are subject to various levels of lexicalization. In some cases, the CP meaning is a specialization of the predictable meaning of the combination. For instance čâqu zadan ‘to stab’ (Lit. ‘knife hit’) is not only to hit somebody with a knife; dast dâdan ‘to shake ...
... of its components. N-V combinations are subject to various levels of lexicalization. In some cases, the CP meaning is a specialization of the predictable meaning of the combination. For instance čâqu zadan ‘to stab’ (Lit. ‘knife hit’) is not only to hit somebody with a knife; dast dâdan ‘to shake ...
ENGLISH SYNTAX: Andrew Radford 1. Grammar
... languages like those used in mathematics and computing (e.g. Java, Prolog, C etc.), or from animal communication systems (e.g. the tail-wagging dance performed by bees to communicate the location of a food source to other bees)?’ It therefore follows that the descriptive apparatus which our theory o ...
... languages like those used in mathematics and computing (e.g. Java, Prolog, C etc.), or from animal communication systems (e.g. the tail-wagging dance performed by bees to communicate the location of a food source to other bees)?’ It therefore follows that the descriptive apparatus which our theory o ...
verb forms and verb aspects in ngizim
... (excl.) , and wa ' we (incl.) '. Although these two first person plural forms superficially resemble the auxpros by having Ca structure, they must be categorized differently because of different tonal behaviour. AUX pronouns in conjunction with the asp marker undergo a tone change in most aspects wh ...
... (excl.) , and wa ' we (incl.) '. Although these two first person plural forms superficially resemble the auxpros by having Ca structure, they must be categorized differently because of different tonal behaviour. AUX pronouns in conjunction with the asp marker undergo a tone change in most aspects wh ...
The Syntax of the Sentence in Hebrew
... the other East Semitic languages, what is logically a conditional clause is introduced by Summa, usually translated "if," but most surprisingly the clause that follows does not have the subordinating suffix -u, indicating that szrmmais not a subordinating conjunction, as its translation would sugges ...
... the other East Semitic languages, what is logically a conditional clause is introduced by Summa, usually translated "if," but most surprisingly the clause that follows does not have the subordinating suffix -u, indicating that szrmmais not a subordinating conjunction, as its translation would sugges ...
Derived nouns in Modern Hebrew: Structural and psycholinguistic
... of interdigitation of a consonantal root plus one of several dozen prosodic templates or morphological patterns and/or by linear affixation to a word or stem. Structural characteristics of Hebrew nouns are outlined in terms of their inflectional properties (number and gender agreement and bound geni ...
... of interdigitation of a consonantal root plus one of several dozen prosodic templates or morphological patterns and/or by linear affixation to a word or stem. Structural characteristics of Hebrew nouns are outlined in terms of their inflectional properties (number and gender agreement and bound geni ...
Towards a structural typology of verb classes
... be tall do not denote events. One point to be made here is that some languages (such as English) in addition to verbs and nouns also have prepositions (aboveP) and adjectives (tallA), so that a more detailed classification arises. Other languages, such as Chinese, for instance, do not make such a cl ...
... be tall do not denote events. One point to be made here is that some languages (such as English) in addition to verbs and nouns also have prepositions (aboveP) and adjectives (tallA), so that a more detailed classification arises. Other languages, such as Chinese, for instance, do not make such a cl ...
The Sentence - Olympic High School
... Keep your hand down. (you understood) Look at these new Web sites. Don't touch that delete button! (imperative and exclamatory) ...
... Keep your hand down. (you understood) Look at these new Web sites. Don't touch that delete button! (imperative and exclamatory) ...
Baldwin, Timothy and Su Nam Kim (2010) Multiword Expressions, in
... The semantics of blow hot and cold (“constantly change opinion”), for example, is partially predictable from blow (“move” and hence “change”), but not as immediately from hot and cold . There are also cases where the meanings of the parts are transparently inherited but there is additional semantic ...
... The semantics of blow hot and cold (“constantly change opinion”), for example, is partially predictable from blow (“move” and hence “change”), but not as immediately from hot and cold . There are also cases where the meanings of the parts are transparently inherited but there is additional semantic ...
book
... manuscripts. Of this literature a poem called Kanturuna mohelana (The lamp: of the sailor) is best known. For writing Wolio, Arabic character is most used, but formerly Macassar script seems to have been used also. In recent times the modern school-education has propagated the use of Roman character ...
... manuscripts. Of this literature a poem called Kanturuna mohelana (The lamp: of the sailor) is best known. For writing Wolio, Arabic character is most used, but formerly Macassar script seems to have been used also. In recent times the modern school-education has propagated the use of Roman character ...
Chapter 2 - Center for Spoken Language Understanding
... never clearly defined" (p. 208). They also display a hodgepodgeof criteria. Agglutinative languages- Turkish is the exampleusually given- certainly do mark a great number of grammatical categoriesmorphologically. However , the defining characteristic of the agglutinative class, namely the arrangemen ...
... never clearly defined" (p. 208). They also display a hodgepodgeof criteria. Agglutinative languages- Turkish is the exampleusually given- certainly do mark a great number of grammatical categoriesmorphologically. However , the defining characteristic of the agglutinative class, namely the arrangemen ...
falls
... Different verbs for animate and inanimate subjects NENETS moqnas’ (animate) vs. xəwəs’ (inanimate), cf. məntas’ ‘to fall from above’ (both animate and inanimate). Animate: falling forwards or backwards. NENETS t’indas’ (forwards) vs. lasas’ (backwards). Animate: agentivity shift. MOKSHA vel’ams ...
... Different verbs for animate and inanimate subjects NENETS moqnas’ (animate) vs. xəwəs’ (inanimate), cf. məntas’ ‘to fall from above’ (both animate and inanimate). Animate: falling forwards or backwards. NENETS t’indas’ (forwards) vs. lasas’ (backwards). Animate: agentivity shift. MOKSHA vel’ams ...
Lingua Litera - stba prayoga padang
... traces (=free oneself of restrictions); fly off the handle (= be come angry), and which do not participate in the usual possible range of variation, e.g., He threw over the traces but He threw over the trace. Learning idioms is one of the most demanding parts of learning a language. Because their me ...
... traces (=free oneself of restrictions); fly off the handle (= be come angry), and which do not participate in the usual possible range of variation, e.g., He threw over the traces but He threw over the trace. Learning idioms is one of the most demanding parts of learning a language. Because their me ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
... Being one of the earliest scripts - dating back to at least 3000 B.C., Hieroglyphic writing has not been used for about 2000 years5 . Ancient Egyptian is now regarded as a dead language, which means that no group of people have spoken it as their primary language6 . Until 1799, where the so-called R ...
... Being one of the earliest scripts - dating back to at least 3000 B.C., Hieroglyphic writing has not been used for about 2000 years5 . Ancient Egyptian is now regarded as a dead language, which means that no group of people have spoken it as their primary language6 . Until 1799, where the so-called R ...
CHAPTER 5 Negation
... Negative raising moves not up into the main clause of a sentence and combines it with an auxiliary or the appropriate form of do. The meaning of the sentence does not change. As illustrated in (23), the negative raising rule can be applied to a sentence when the main verb expresses an opinion (i.e., ...
... Negative raising moves not up into the main clause of a sentence and combines it with an auxiliary or the appropriate form of do. The meaning of the sentence does not change. As illustrated in (23), the negative raising rule can be applied to a sentence when the main verb expresses an opinion (i.e., ...
Tutorial of DepPattern
... is a contextual determiner which is not involved in the dependency. The third pattern stands for a simple dependency constituted by a determiner followed by a noun and, optionally, by an unlimited number of different tags between them. The inserted tags are not involved in the dependency: they build ...
... is a contextual determiner which is not involved in the dependency. The third pattern stands for a simple dependency constituted by a determiner followed by a noun and, optionally, by an unlimited number of different tags between them. The inserted tags are not involved in the dependency: they build ...
Inflection
In grammar, inflection or inflexion is the modification of a word to express different grammatical categories such as tense, mood, voice, aspect, person, number, gender and case. The inflection of verbs is also called conjugation, and the inflection of nouns, adjectives and pronouns is also called declension.An inflection expresses one or more grammatical categories with a prefix, suffix or infix, or another internal modification such as a vowel change. For example, the Latin verb ducam, meaning ""I will lead"", includes the suffix -am, expressing person (first), number (singular), and tense (future). The use of this suffix is an inflection. In contrast, in the English clause ""I will lead"", the word lead is not inflected for any of person, number, or tense; it is simply the bare form of a verb.The inflected form of a word often contains both a free morpheme (a unit of meaning which can stand by itself as a word), and a bound morpheme (a unit of meaning which cannot stand alone as a word). For example, the English word cars is a noun that is inflected for number, specifically to express the plural; the content morpheme car is unbound because it could stand alone as a word, while the suffix -s is bound because it cannot stand alone as a word. These two morphemes together form the inflected word cars.Words that are never subject to inflection are said to be invariant; for example, the English verb must is an invariant item: it never takes a suffix or changes form to signify a different grammatical category. Its categories can be determined only from its context.Requiring the inflections of more than one word in a sentence to be compatible according to the rules of the language is known as concord or agreement. For example, in ""the choir sings"", ""choir"" is a singular noun, so ""sing"" is constrained in the present tense to use the third person singular suffix ""s"".Languages that have some degree of inflection are synthetic languages. These can be highly inflected, such as Latin, Greek, and Sanskrit, or weakly inflected, such as English. Languages that are so inflected that a sentence can consist of a single highly inflected word (such as many American Indian languages) are called polysynthetic languages. Languages in which each inflection conveys only a single grammatical category, such as Finnish, are known as agglutinative languages, while languages in which a single inflection can convey multiple grammatical roles (such as both nominative case and plural, as in Latin and German) are called fusional. Languages such as Mandarin Chinese that never use inflections are called analytic or isolating.