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The Nominative + Infinitive construction and the Accusative +
The Nominative + Infinitive construction and the Accusative +

... The GB account relies on the licensing of traces by the ECP, therefore there is crucial resort to the concept of government. The minimalist account is only slightly different, still involving A-movement of the infinitive subject into the subject position of the main clause. The motivation for moveme ...
`Nearly free` control as an underspecified de se report - CSSP
`Nearly free` control as an underspecified de se report - CSSP

... determined by two independent factors: one is the obligatoriness of de se interpretation (e.g., Lewis 1979, Chierchia 1989), and the other is the argument-oriented lexical semantics of each control verb. According to this proposal, control constructions are semantically classified into the following ...
French for Independent Learners
French for Independent Learners

... The following Tense Grids are provided for you: The Junior Tense Grid (JTG) The Junior Tense Grid – Negative (JTGN) The Junior Tense Grid – Pronoun col 1,2 (JTGP12) The Junior Tense Grid – Pronoun col 3 (JTGP3) The Senior Tense Grid (STG) The Irregular Verb Grid (IVG) In order to address Area of Com ...
Grammar and Language Workbook, Part 1
Grammar and Language Workbook, Part 1

... 9. By 1904 Royce had built three cars that greatly improved on the one he had bought himself. 10. An aristocrat, racing driver, and aeronaut whose attention had been attracted by Royce’s new cars then became Royce’s business partner. Unit 1, Parts of Speech ...
Carnets de Grammaire - CLLE-ERSS - Université Toulouse
Carnets de Grammaire - CLLE-ERSS - Université Toulouse

... organized systems. The first and most widely discussed is that there is an initial cause: Languages are the product of an already organized language generating machine, a language organ. The second is that of a final cause or purpose: Languages are tools for communication, driven by a unique need to ...
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Remarks on the Passive Voice in English and Romanian

... And here is the more detailed theoretical presentation of the overall picture of Voice, as its main elements are defined in The Oxford Dictionary of English Grammar: “voice. A grammatical category which in English provides two different ways (ACTIVE and PASSIVE) of viewing the action of the verb. Vo ...
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French I - SchoolNotes

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TABLE OF CONTENTS - The Linguistics Journal
TABLE OF CONTENTS - The Linguistics Journal

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... lar to virtually all of the nearly 800 “irregular”-er verbs: only two do not follow precise patterns throughout their conjugations. Recognizing and learning these patterns is a far more efficient way to learn French verbs than simply attempting to memorize what may at first seem like almost random irr ...
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Notes on the formation and usage of subjunctive

... You learn a number of expressions or verbs which always take the subjunctive, learn and practice them, and eventually you will remember to use the subjunctive form after them. Therefore, in this spirit, we are going to offer you a fairly complete list of the expressions and verbs which take the subj ...
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... happen to have nominal conversion alternants, while those with a low Family Size tend not to have such alternants. This suggests that the observed Family Size effect might in fact be carried by conversion nouns. The aim of the present experiment is to ascertain whether the Family Size effect for ver ...
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Fulltext - UoN Repository

... employs Basic Linguistic Theory and Nurse’s Conceptual Frame Work in the analysis of the distribution and interaction of tense and aspect on the verb phrase in Bemba. The background to the Bemba language of Zambia and to the study is given. The tenets of the Basic linguistic theory and Nurse’s Conce ...
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Thematic Proto-Roles and Argument Selection

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Particle verbs and a theory of late lexical insertion

... movement rules; moving only the verbal part out of V° violates the principle of Lexical Integrity in (1). If the particle verb is inserted as a V°, we expect the whole complex V to move to Comp in V-2. This expectation, however, is never borne out. The syntactic representation of the particle verb ...
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The expression of Motion and Path components by orientation

... Comitative, and Vocative; specific particles include Topic and other particles which express the beginning or the end of a process (‘from… until’), a restriction (‘only’), an addition (‘also’), a random selection (‘any’) etc. A case particle cannot be combined with another case particle, but it can ...
resdep - Semantics Archive
resdep - Semantics Archive

... As Halliday (1967) observes, resultative and depictive predications are attributive constructions. These two types of secondary predication contribute different semantic interpretations to event structure. The resultative element is an attribute which results from the process depicted by the verb, w ...
Two sources of scalarity within the verb phrase
Two sources of scalarity within the verb phrase

... detail the mechanics of integrating a quantity scale into the aspectual composition, where I argue that a functional head relates the quantity of the incremental theme argument with a scale that can be targeted by eventive half. Then in section 5 I provide arguments that the verb itself can be assoc ...
Resultatives and Depictives in Finnish 1
Resultatives and Depictives in Finnish 1

... As Halliday (1967) observes, resultative and depictive predications are attributive constructions. These two types of secondary predication contribute different semantic interpretations to event structure. The resultative element is an attribute which results from the process depicted by the verb, w ...
this PDF file
this PDF file

... sequence of force vectors representing the force that the agent exerts on the patient at each point of time during the event. In the case of Maria hitting the nail (cf. (1)) there is in principle one non-zero force vector that corresponds with the actual, punctual contact between Maria’s instrument ...
A grammar of the Spanish language
A grammar of the Spanish language

... more elements for making their way in Spanish intercourse than they could by reading or learning a whole volume of dialogues, every expression in which may be altered in twenty different ways. Finally, on perusing the contents of this vohime, the Author hopes it will be perceived that the arrangemen ...
Uses of the Greek Infinitive
Uses of the Greek Infinitive

... ** This chart does not include Infinitive of Means (formed by ejn tw/: + infinitive) since its use is rare; answers the question ‘how’; should be translated ‘by _-ing’. E.g. Acts 3:26. *** Please note that although the infinitive is not a finite verb, and therefore cannot have an actual subject, it ...
Vietnamese is a perfect
Vietnamese is a perfect

... ‘There is a time t” such that t” is before the time t’ and P is true at t”.’ b. J DA K = J PST Kw, t, g, c = [ λ Phi, ti : [ λ t’ : ∃t” . t” = t’ & P(t”) = T ] ] ‘There is a time t” such that t” equals the time t’ and P is true at t”.’ In this case, the quantificational tenses in (23) are of type hh ...
conceptualization in the english gerund and its spanish - e
conceptualization in the english gerund and its spanish - e

... display serious limitations in their analysis of these constructions. Although the subject of the English gerund and its Spanish equivalents has been studied from several perspectives, there are few relevant studies so far. Studies exist (Álvarez, 1991; Fente, 1971; Criado de Val, 1972; Losada, 1980 ...
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Germanic strong verb

In the Germanic languages, a strong verb is one which marks its past tense by means of changes to the stem vowel (ablaut). The majority of the remaining verbs form the past tense by means of a dental suffix (e.g. -ed in English), and are known as weak verbs. A third, much smaller, class comprises the preterite-present verbs, which are continued in the English auxiliary verbs, e.g. can/could, shall/should, may/might, must. The ""strong"" vs. ""weak"" terminology was coined by the German philologist Jacob Grimm, and the terms ""strong verb"" and ""weak verb"" are direct translations of the original German terms ""starkes Verb"" and ""schwaches Verb"".In modern English, strong verbs are verbs such as sing, sang, sung or drive, drove, driven, as opposed to weak verbs such as open, opened, opened or hit, hit, hit. Not all verbs with a change in the stem vowel are strong verbs, however; they may also be irregular weak verbs such as bring, brought, brought or keep, kept, kept. The key distinction is the presence or absence of the final dental (-d- or -t-), although there are strong verbs whose past tense ends in a dental as well (such as bit, got, hid and trod). Strong verbs often have the ending ""-(e)n"" in the past participle, but this also cannot be used as an absolute criterion.In Proto-Germanic, strong and weak verbs were clearly distinguished from each other in their conjugation, and the strong verbs were grouped into seven coherent classes. Originally, the strong verbs were largely regular, and in most cases all of the principal parts of a strong verb of a given class could be reliably predicted from the infinitive. This system was continued largely intact in Old English and the other older historical Germanic languages, e.g. Gothic, Old High German and Old Norse. The coherency of this system is still present in modern German and Dutch and some of the other conservative modern Germanic languages. For example, in German and Dutch, strong verbs are consistently marked with a past participle in -en, while weak verbs in German have a past participle in -t and in Dutch in -t or -d. In English, however, the original regular strong conjugations have largely disintegrated, with the result that in modern English grammar, a distinction between strong and weak verbs is less useful than a distinction between ""regular"" and ""irregular"" verbs.
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