Synaptic and extrasynaptic traces of long-term memory
... with no single synapse indispensable, and that includes a mechanism for enabling the network to store whole patterns of synaptic weights, as units, and then restoring them on demand later. The group-oriented handling of synaptic patterns can, among other things, vastly increase memory capacity. The ...
... with no single synapse indispensable, and that includes a mechanism for enabling the network to store whole patterns of synaptic weights, as units, and then restoring them on demand later. The group-oriented handling of synaptic patterns can, among other things, vastly increase memory capacity. The ...
Neuronal circuitries involved in thermoregulation
... investigating thermoregulation directed their efforts to the analysis of these thermosensitive neurons. Their (implicit) assumption was that thermosensitivity is a distinctive characteristic of neurons playing a role in thermoregulation. Neurons displaying thermosensitivity, however, could be record ...
... investigating thermoregulation directed their efforts to the analysis of these thermosensitive neurons. Their (implicit) assumption was that thermosensitivity is a distinctive characteristic of neurons playing a role in thermoregulation. Neurons displaying thermosensitivity, however, could be record ...
Chordate evolution and the origin of craniates
... invertebrates, such as annelids, arthropods, molluscs, platyhelminthes (including planaria), and nematodes. Type of neuron characterized by a cell body with one T-shaped process that develops from a bipolar neuron. In craniates, this type of neuron is sensory and has the cell body in a peripheral ga ...
... invertebrates, such as annelids, arthropods, molluscs, platyhelminthes (including planaria), and nematodes. Type of neuron characterized by a cell body with one T-shaped process that develops from a bipolar neuron. In craniates, this type of neuron is sensory and has the cell body in a peripheral ga ...
text - Systems Neuroscience Course, MEDS 371, Univ. Conn. Health
... dilation by quickly darkening the environment or Figure 1. Pupillary Control Pathways having the subject experience or remember intense anger, pain, fear or sexual desire. Pupil dilation is mediated by a unilateral pathway diagrammed in Fig. 1. The pathway begins in the hypothalamus which can activa ...
... dilation by quickly darkening the environment or Figure 1. Pupillary Control Pathways having the subject experience or remember intense anger, pain, fear or sexual desire. Pupil dilation is mediated by a unilateral pathway diagrammed in Fig. 1. The pathway begins in the hypothalamus which can activa ...
Broca`s Area in Language, Action, and Music
... Evolutionary Origin of Broca’s Area Neuroanatomic studies of Broca’s area (Fig. 1), and in particular of its pars opercularis (BA44), show that some cytoarchitectonic properties are shared with premotor cortex (BA6). Indeed, the granular cell layer (the IV cortical layer), which is clearly absent in ...
... Evolutionary Origin of Broca’s Area Neuroanatomic studies of Broca’s area (Fig. 1), and in particular of its pars opercularis (BA44), show that some cytoarchitectonic properties are shared with premotor cortex (BA6). Indeed, the granular cell layer (the IV cortical layer), which is clearly absent in ...
What is Motor Neuron
... patient has PLS they must be followed for 3-4 years to be certain that lower motor neuron signs do not develop. PLS has a slower course of progression. What is Progressive Bulbar Palsy? Progressive bulbar palsy refers to patients who initially have only upper motor weakness that affect speech and sw ...
... patient has PLS they must be followed for 3-4 years to be certain that lower motor neuron signs do not develop. PLS has a slower course of progression. What is Progressive Bulbar Palsy? Progressive bulbar palsy refers to patients who initially have only upper motor weakness that affect speech and sw ...
Continuous attractor network models of grid cell firing based on
... Abstract Neurons in the medial entorhinal cortex encode location through spatial firing fields that have a grid-like organisation. The challenge of identifying mechanisms for grid firing has been addressed through experimental and theoretical investigations of medial entorhinal circuits. Here, we di ...
... Abstract Neurons in the medial entorhinal cortex encode location through spatial firing fields that have a grid-like organisation. The challenge of identifying mechanisms for grid firing has been addressed through experimental and theoretical investigations of medial entorhinal circuits. Here, we di ...
Volitional enhancement of firing synchrony and oscillation
... WHY SYNCHRONY AND OSCILLATION ? – VIEW ON “CELL ASSEMBLY” As described above, operant conditioning of oscillation and synchrony of multiple neurons can be indispensable to enhancing brain functions because they are realized by ensemble activities of populations of neurons that are functionally conne ...
... WHY SYNCHRONY AND OSCILLATION ? – VIEW ON “CELL ASSEMBLY” As described above, operant conditioning of oscillation and synchrony of multiple neurons can be indispensable to enhancing brain functions because they are realized by ensemble activities of populations of neurons that are functionally conne ...
Evolution and intelligence: beyond the argument
... we consider that some of this adaptation occurs at higher levels in evolution, such as at the population, species, and higher taxonomic levels (see for example Gould and Lewontin’s 1979 critique of adaptationism). He also points out that chance historical contingencies may play a rather major role ...
... we consider that some of this adaptation occurs at higher levels in evolution, such as at the population, species, and higher taxonomic levels (see for example Gould and Lewontin’s 1979 critique of adaptationism). He also points out that chance historical contingencies may play a rather major role ...
Neuronal Activity and Ion Homeostasis in the Hypoxic Brain
... Many of the individual processes playing a role have already been identified. These include cerebral energy consumption and metabolism, neuronal membrane voltage dynamics and action potential generation, synaptic functioning, changes in extra- and intracellular concentrations (ions, molecular messen ...
... Many of the individual processes playing a role have already been identified. These include cerebral energy consumption and metabolism, neuronal membrane voltage dynamics and action potential generation, synaptic functioning, changes in extra- and intracellular concentrations (ions, molecular messen ...
Theme 4: Rhythmical movements (6 p)
... b) What is the difference between the ion channels involved in action potential generation and those mediating the rest potential? (2p) ...
... b) What is the difference between the ion channels involved in action potential generation and those mediating the rest potential? (2p) ...
Jukic et al. SUPPLEMANTARY SUPLEMENTARY METHODS En1+/
... Prior to the experiment animals were exposed for two weeks to two bottles of tap water. During the following 6 weeks animals received a choice between water and a 2% or 5% sucrose solution and sucrose preference was calculated for the last four weeks according to the weekly protocol. Every week, mic ...
... Prior to the experiment animals were exposed for two weeks to two bottles of tap water. During the following 6 weeks animals received a choice between water and a 2% or 5% sucrose solution and sucrose preference was calculated for the last four weeks according to the weekly protocol. Every week, mic ...
Ch. 2 - 서울대 Biointelligence lab
... If action potentials are all or none, how does the nervous system code differences in sensory stimulus amplitudes? What property (or properties) of ion channels makes them selective to only one ion such as K+, and not another such as Na+? Is it the size of the channel, other factors, or a combinatio ...
... If action potentials are all or none, how does the nervous system code differences in sensory stimulus amplitudes? What property (or properties) of ion channels makes them selective to only one ion such as K+, and not another such as Na+? Is it the size of the channel, other factors, or a combinatio ...
Behavioural Brain Research Multisensory contributions to the
... and simulation of microscopic models based on local networks with large numbers of neurons and synapses that lead to the desired global behaviour of the whole system. Biophysically realistic microscopic models are expressed by a dynamical system due to the fact that processing does not operate in a ...
... and simulation of microscopic models based on local networks with large numbers of neurons and synapses that lead to the desired global behaviour of the whole system. Biophysically realistic microscopic models are expressed by a dynamical system due to the fact that processing does not operate in a ...
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
... Enclosed by Cerebrum Between Cerebrum & Brainstem Epithalamus Thalamus Hypothalamus ...
... Enclosed by Cerebrum Between Cerebrum & Brainstem Epithalamus Thalamus Hypothalamus ...
Skeletal System
... Parasympathetic fibers emerge from the brain and from the spinal cord at the sacral level Sympathetic fibers originate from the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord ...
... Parasympathetic fibers emerge from the brain and from the spinal cord at the sacral level Sympathetic fibers originate from the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord ...
uncorrected page proofs
... brain areas to one another. They have a fatty coating that produces the whitish appearance. White matter is found in abundance beneath the cortex. Two wing shaped cavities (ventricles) are also easily seen. These are in the cerebrum. They are the largest of the brain’s four ventricles which together ...
... brain areas to one another. They have a fatty coating that produces the whitish appearance. White matter is found in abundance beneath the cortex. Two wing shaped cavities (ventricles) are also easily seen. These are in the cerebrum. They are the largest of the brain’s four ventricles which together ...
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... How does the human brain make sense of the 3D world while its visual input, the retinal images, are only two-dimensional? There are multiple depth-cues exploited by the brain to create a 3D model of the world. Despite the importance of this subject both for scientists and engineers, the underlying c ...
... How does the human brain make sense of the 3D world while its visual input, the retinal images, are only two-dimensional? There are multiple depth-cues exploited by the brain to create a 3D model of the world. Despite the importance of this subject both for scientists and engineers, the underlying c ...
A comparision of Hodgkin-Huxley and soliton neural theories
... 2007a). The solitary wave maintains its shape transition to the gel state (Heimburg, 2007a). while it travels at a constant speed less than the This transition is associated with the release of sound velocity in the lipid membrane. Solitons heat (Heimburg, 2007a; Heimburg, 2007b). The ...
... 2007a). The solitary wave maintains its shape transition to the gel state (Heimburg, 2007a). while it travels at a constant speed less than the This transition is associated with the release of sound velocity in the lipid membrane. Solitons heat (Heimburg, 2007a; Heimburg, 2007b). The ...
Your Brain
... a clue to a species intelligence. More useful clues to an animal’s capacities come from the brain’s structures. In primitive vertebrate (backboned) animals, such as sharks, the brain primarily regulates basic survival functions: breathing, resting and feeding. In lower mammals, such as rodents, a mo ...
... a clue to a species intelligence. More useful clues to an animal’s capacities come from the brain’s structures. In primitive vertebrate (backboned) animals, such as sharks, the brain primarily regulates basic survival functions: breathing, resting and feeding. In lower mammals, such as rodents, a mo ...
Resonance Effect for Neural Spike Time Reliability
... semble synaptic activity (Mainen and Sejnowski 1995; Nowak et al. 1997; Tang et al. 1997), in contrast to those produced by a constant current stimulus. Precise spike time responses are also observed in motion-sensitive neurons in response to time-varying visual stimuli in the fly (de Ruyter van Ste ...
... semble synaptic activity (Mainen and Sejnowski 1995; Nowak et al. 1997; Tang et al. 1997), in contrast to those produced by a constant current stimulus. Precise spike time responses are also observed in motion-sensitive neurons in response to time-varying visual stimuli in the fly (de Ruyter van Ste ...
Nervous System
... Transient changes in the conductance of the postsynaptic plasma membrane to specific ions. Transient change in the membrane potential of the post synaptic cell (excitatory or inhibitory). Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
... Transient changes in the conductance of the postsynaptic plasma membrane to specific ions. Transient change in the membrane potential of the post synaptic cell (excitatory or inhibitory). Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
Brain Architecture for an Intelligent Stream of Consciousness
... Inputs are thought of as pulses propagated along dendrites which have been triggered by receptors. Two major types of neural logic are identified in a later chapter: (1) dendritic logic, of which there may be thousands of gates per neuron, but in a gate of this type, pulses must arrive concurrently, ...
... Inputs are thought of as pulses propagated along dendrites which have been triggered by receptors. Two major types of neural logic are identified in a later chapter: (1) dendritic logic, of which there may be thousands of gates per neuron, but in a gate of this type, pulses must arrive concurrently, ...
What insights can fMRI offer into the structure and function of mid-tier visual areas?
... advantage of high-field systems to acquire data with submillimeter resolution, we are still acquiring data in which a single datum summarizes the responses of tens of thousands of neurons. Excitation and inhibition, spikes and subthreshold membrane potential modulations, local and long-range computa ...
... advantage of high-field systems to acquire data with submillimeter resolution, we are still acquiring data in which a single datum summarizes the responses of tens of thousands of neurons. Excitation and inhibition, spikes and subthreshold membrane potential modulations, local and long-range computa ...