Axonal morphometry of hippocampal pyramidal neurons semi
... selecting the pixel with the lowest intensity). Once these two values are identified, all colors are equalized between these two extremes. All digitized tracings are processed on a Windows-based PC (dual Xeon 3 GHz, 2 GB RAM, 120 GB disk) with a set of ad-hoc Java and Perl scripts. At this stage, th ...
... selecting the pixel with the lowest intensity). Once these two values are identified, all colors are equalized between these two extremes. All digitized tracings are processed on a Windows-based PC (dual Xeon 3 GHz, 2 GB RAM, 120 GB disk) with a set of ad-hoc Java and Perl scripts. At this stage, th ...
Where do mirror neurons come from?
... for calcium content. Adaptations are specialised for a particular function; they solve a specific problem in an efficient, reliable and precise way. Byproducts can have a range of beneficial effects, but they are not specialised for a particular function. We can ask two questions about any characterist ...
... for calcium content. Adaptations are specialised for a particular function; they solve a specific problem in an efficient, reliable and precise way. Byproducts can have a range of beneficial effects, but they are not specialised for a particular function. We can ask two questions about any characterist ...
Shootin1 - The Journal of Cell Biology
... Andersen and Bi, 2000; Banker, 2003). A locally acting positive feedback loop may amplify a small stochastic increase in signals until it exceeds a threshold to induce an axon, and negative regulation may also be important to prevent the formation of surplus axons. However, little is known about the ...
... Andersen and Bi, 2000; Banker, 2003). A locally acting positive feedback loop may amplify a small stochastic increase in signals until it exceeds a threshold to induce an axon, and negative regulation may also be important to prevent the formation of surplus axons. However, little is known about the ...
Regulation of neuronal survival and death by extracellular signals
... innervation affects the number of innervating neurons that survive led to the idea that neuronal death matches the number of neurons to the size and requirements of their target ®elds (Oppenheim, 1991). A long established idea, the neurotrophic hypothesis, provides an explanation for how target ®eld ...
... innervation affects the number of innervating neurons that survive led to the idea that neuronal death matches the number of neurons to the size and requirements of their target ®elds (Oppenheim, 1991). A long established idea, the neurotrophic hypothesis, provides an explanation for how target ®eld ...
Temperature Integration at the AC Thermosensory Neurons
... University. We thank Drs. Haruna Kaneko, Tadahiro Goda, Satoshi Namekawa, and Lauren M. Head for comments and advice on this manuscript. Correspondence should be addressed to Fumika N. Hamada, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229. E-mail: [email protected]. DOI:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1894-12.20 ...
... University. We thank Drs. Haruna Kaneko, Tadahiro Goda, Satoshi Namekawa, and Lauren M. Head for comments and advice on this manuscript. Correspondence should be addressed to Fumika N. Hamada, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229. E-mail: [email protected]. DOI:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1894-12.20 ...
Lecture VIII. Spinal Cord
... With respect to neurons: • Threshold (the magnitude of a stimulus sufficient to depolarize the sensory neuron) • Adequate Stimulus (the form of energy to which a particular sensory cell is most sensitive - light, touch, sound, etc.) • Law of specific nerve energies (depolarization of neurons in a p ...
... With respect to neurons: • Threshold (the magnitude of a stimulus sufficient to depolarize the sensory neuron) • Adequate Stimulus (the form of energy to which a particular sensory cell is most sensitive - light, touch, sound, etc.) • Law of specific nerve energies (depolarization of neurons in a p ...
Consciousness_12
... brain stem. Each geniculate axon terminates in the visual cortex, primarily in layer 4. The cells in each layer have their own patterns of connections with other subcortical regions. Cells in the visual cortex are arranged in into orientation-specific columns, ocular dominance columns, and blobs. So ...
... brain stem. Each geniculate axon terminates in the visual cortex, primarily in layer 4. The cells in each layer have their own patterns of connections with other subcortical regions. Cells in the visual cortex are arranged in into orientation-specific columns, ocular dominance columns, and blobs. So ...
with task performance neural responses and determining their
... To address the challenges associated with understanding how the responses of a heterogeneous neural population reflect different task-relevant components, we have developed a method to parse the responses of individual neurons into weighted sums of intuitive components. Our method computes the weigh ...
... To address the challenges associated with understanding how the responses of a heterogeneous neural population reflect different task-relevant components, we have developed a method to parse the responses of individual neurons into weighted sums of intuitive components. Our method computes the weigh ...
computational and in vitro studies of persistent activity
... Fig. 2. Excitatory and inhibitory mechanisms in an attractor network model for object working memory. (A) Example of network performance during a trial. The network consists of one pool of inhibitory neurons (upper rasters, labeled I) and six pools of excitatory neurons, five of them selective to di ...
... Fig. 2. Excitatory and inhibitory mechanisms in an attractor network model for object working memory. (A) Example of network performance during a trial. The network consists of one pool of inhibitory neurons (upper rasters, labeled I) and six pools of excitatory neurons, five of them selective to di ...
Cognitive Training Enhances Intrinsic Brain Connectivity in Childhood
... particularly linked to attentional control and working memory in adulthood. We tested whether differences in these networks, or in the areas that communicate with them, might underpin any significant changes in working memory capacity stemming from the intervention. A further advantage of choosing n ...
... particularly linked to attentional control and working memory in adulthood. We tested whether differences in these networks, or in the areas that communicate with them, might underpin any significant changes in working memory capacity stemming from the intervention. A further advantage of choosing n ...
Maruska & Tricas 2009b
... by fishes for predator and prey detection, and social interactions such as courtship and territoriality (see Zelick et al. 1999; Ladich and Myrberg 2006; Myrberg and Lugli 2006). The inner ear of jawed fishes consists of three semicircular canals that serve a vestibular function to encode angular ac ...
... by fishes for predator and prey detection, and social interactions such as courtship and territoriality (see Zelick et al. 1999; Ladich and Myrberg 2006; Myrberg and Lugli 2006). The inner ear of jawed fishes consists of three semicircular canals that serve a vestibular function to encode angular ac ...
Enhanced intrinsic excitability and EPSP
... induction of LTP. EE also reduced spiking threshold and after-hyperpolarization ...
... induction of LTP. EE also reduced spiking threshold and after-hyperpolarization ...
Tau pathology does not affect experience-driven single
... little evidence that NFTs directly impact physiological properties of host neurons. Here we used a transgenic mouse model of tauopathy to study how advanced tau pathology in different brain regions affects activity-driven expression of immediate-early gene Arc required for experience-dependent conso ...
... little evidence that NFTs directly impact physiological properties of host neurons. Here we used a transgenic mouse model of tauopathy to study how advanced tau pathology in different brain regions affects activity-driven expression of immediate-early gene Arc required for experience-dependent conso ...
Memory Maintenance in Synapses with Calcium
... transients induced by postsynaptic spikes are assumed to represent activation of voltage-gated calcium channels [42] (see [28] for more details of the model). This calcium-based model of synaptic plasticity has been used to successfully fit data from various experimental preparations [28]. Here, we ...
... transients induced by postsynaptic spikes are assumed to represent activation of voltage-gated calcium channels [42] (see [28] for more details of the model). This calcium-based model of synaptic plasticity has been used to successfully fit data from various experimental preparations [28]. Here, we ...
Mechanisms for Sensing Fat in Food in the Mouth
... texture of fat in the mouth. The cells receive their inputs via sensors in the mouth that are connected to neural pathways to the brain, and the information reaches the orbitofrontal cortex (which is secondary taste cortex) via the primary taste cortex in the insula (Verhagen and others 2004; Rolls ...
... texture of fat in the mouth. The cells receive their inputs via sensors in the mouth that are connected to neural pathways to the brain, and the information reaches the orbitofrontal cortex (which is secondary taste cortex) via the primary taste cortex in the insula (Verhagen and others 2004; Rolls ...
A local circuit approach to understanding integration of
... This effect has been observed at contrast levels for which lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) responses have not saturated or supersaturated (Albrecht and Hamilton, 1982; Bonds 1991). A related phenomenon concerns the receptive field length of end-stopped cells. These cells typically respond maximally ...
... This effect has been observed at contrast levels for which lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) responses have not saturated or supersaturated (Albrecht and Hamilton, 1982; Bonds 1991). A related phenomenon concerns the receptive field length of end-stopped cells. These cells typically respond maximally ...
Session 1 Introduction
... For—Lift them—Pound for Pound— And they will differ—if they do— As Syllable from Sound— Emily Dickinson, 1863 (read by Becky Miller) ...
... For—Lift them—Pound for Pound— And they will differ—if they do— As Syllable from Sound— Emily Dickinson, 1863 (read by Becky Miller) ...
What is a Brain State
... Philosophers have been talking about brain states for almost 50 years and as of yet no one has articulated a theoretical account of what one is. In fact this issue has received almost no attention and cognitive scientists still use meaningless phrases like ‘C-Fiber Firing’ and ‘Neuronal Activity’ wh ...
... Philosophers have been talking about brain states for almost 50 years and as of yet no one has articulated a theoretical account of what one is. In fact this issue has received almost no attention and cognitive scientists still use meaningless phrases like ‘C-Fiber Firing’ and ‘Neuronal Activity’ wh ...
Sensory Adaptation and Short Term Plasticity as Bayesian
... because presynaptic neurons are highly excitable. In order to adapt in a way that preserves sensory information, the nervous system needs to resolve this ambiguity. Specifically, the nervous system can use information about the way excitability typically changes over time and information about the w ...
... because presynaptic neurons are highly excitable. In order to adapt in a way that preserves sensory information, the nervous system needs to resolve this ambiguity. Specifically, the nervous system can use information about the way excitability typically changes over time and information about the w ...
NIH Public Access
... hindbrain (rhombencephalon). In order to accomplish this, the neurons produced by neural progenitor cells begin a process of migration that results in the anatomical development of the cortex, which primarily occurs during the fetal period. ...
... hindbrain (rhombencephalon). In order to accomplish this, the neurons produced by neural progenitor cells begin a process of migration that results in the anatomical development of the cortex, which primarily occurs during the fetal period. ...
REVIEWS - Institute for Applied Psychometrics
... Figure 3 | The pacemaker–accumulator model and dopaminergic and cholinergic synapses. a | Shows an information-processing (IP) model of time perception8 implementing the scalar expectancy theory43. In the model, a dopaminergic pacemaker sends ‘pulses’ to an accumulator during the training period, an ...
... Figure 3 | The pacemaker–accumulator model and dopaminergic and cholinergic synapses. a | Shows an information-processing (IP) model of time perception8 implementing the scalar expectancy theory43. In the model, a dopaminergic pacemaker sends ‘pulses’ to an accumulator during the training period, an ...
The Two Sides of Mimesis
... beyond the Cartesian dualism between body and soul. Man is not only at the center of things, seen from a hic et nunc egocentric perspective, as animals are. Man entertains at the same time a reciprocal bond with himself and with others. Plessner’s take on intersubjectivity stems from this peculiar v ...
... beyond the Cartesian dualism between body and soul. Man is not only at the center of things, seen from a hic et nunc egocentric perspective, as animals are. Man entertains at the same time a reciprocal bond with himself and with others. Plessner’s take on intersubjectivity stems from this peculiar v ...
THE NEUROBIOLOGY OF VISUAL-SACCADIC DECISION MAKING
... understanding the neural basis of primate decision making, the biological process that combines sensory data with stored information to select and execute behavioral responses. The most striking progress in this area has been made in studies of visualsaccadic decision making, a system that is becomi ...
... understanding the neural basis of primate decision making, the biological process that combines sensory data with stored information to select and execute behavioral responses. The most striking progress in this area has been made in studies of visualsaccadic decision making, a system that is becomi ...