Brain asymmetry is encoded at the level of axon terminal morphology
... Background: Functional lateralization is a conserved feature of the central nervous system (CNS). However, underlying left-right asymmetries within neural circuitry and the mechanisms by which they develop are poorly described. Results: In this study, we use focal electroporation to examine the morp ...
... Background: Functional lateralization is a conserved feature of the central nervous system (CNS). However, underlying left-right asymmetries within neural circuitry and the mechanisms by which they develop are poorly described. Results: In this study, we use focal electroporation to examine the morp ...
ling411-13 - Rice University
... entity, lesion of a significant portion of the network neurons must impair the processing of this entity. This should be largely independent of where in the network the lesion occurs. “Therefore, if the functional web is distributed ...
... entity, lesion of a significant portion of the network neurons must impair the processing of this entity. This should be largely independent of where in the network the lesion occurs. “Therefore, if the functional web is distributed ...
Neural Correlates of Executive Control in the Avian Brain
... limitless [19,25,26], and we must possess and engage mechanisms that allow us to selectively filter information. In the current study, we provide evidence for neural correlates of this fundamental form of executive control in the avian brain. We recorded from the nidopallium caudolaterale (NCL) of ho ...
... limitless [19,25,26], and we must possess and engage mechanisms that allow us to selectively filter information. In the current study, we provide evidence for neural correlates of this fundamental form of executive control in the avian brain. We recorded from the nidopallium caudolaterale (NCL) of ho ...
Central Nervous System I. Brain - Function A. Hindbrain 1. Medulla
... Different regions of the brain are specialized for different functions and many parts of the brain work together to accomplish a particular function. A. Hindbrain 4. Reticular Formation The reticular formation extends through the brain stem from the medulla oblongata, pons to the midbrain as a netli ...
... Different regions of the brain are specialized for different functions and many parts of the brain work together to accomplish a particular function. A. Hindbrain 4. Reticular Formation The reticular formation extends through the brain stem from the medulla oblongata, pons to the midbrain as a netli ...
A quantum information approach to statistical mechanics
... Quantum information and computation deals with many of the fundamental issues of quantum physics, such as non-locality or the simulatability of nature [1]. Despite being a young research field, it has already established strong links to a number of areas, such as quantum optics, atomic and molecular ...
... Quantum information and computation deals with many of the fundamental issues of quantum physics, such as non-locality or the simulatability of nature [1]. Despite being a young research field, it has already established strong links to a number of areas, such as quantum optics, atomic and molecular ...
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... cats (fig. 2G), and primates (squirrel monkey and macaque; fig. 2H) all have pathways of tangentially migrating neurons in the ventricular wall, although the destinations of the newly generated neurons have not yet been mapped in each species [Scharff et al., 1998, F. Doetsch and A. Alvarez-Buylla, ...
... cats (fig. 2G), and primates (squirrel monkey and macaque; fig. 2H) all have pathways of tangentially migrating neurons in the ventricular wall, although the destinations of the newly generated neurons have not yet been mapped in each species [Scharff et al., 1998, F. Doetsch and A. Alvarez-Buylla, ...
12 - William M. Clark, M.D
... • Gender-specific areas appear in both brain and spinal cord, depending on presence or absence of fetal testosterone • Maternal exposure to radiation, drugs (e.g., alcohol and opiates), or infection can harm the developing CNS • Smoking decreases oxygen in the blood, which can lead to neuron death a ...
... • Gender-specific areas appear in both brain and spinal cord, depending on presence or absence of fetal testosterone • Maternal exposure to radiation, drugs (e.g., alcohol and opiates), or infection can harm the developing CNS • Smoking decreases oxygen in the blood, which can lead to neuron death a ...
The role of synaptic ion channels in synaptic
... of memory, such as short-term and working memory, in humans (Ji et al, 2001; Levin et al, 2002; Seeger et al, 2004). The molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of nAChR on learning and memory are not fully understood. nAChR currents are likely to take part in postsynaptic calcium signalling eit ...
... of memory, such as short-term and working memory, in humans (Ji et al, 2001; Levin et al, 2002; Seeger et al, 2004). The molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of nAChR on learning and memory are not fully understood. nAChR currents are likely to take part in postsynaptic calcium signalling eit ...
powerpoint lecture
... Levels of Motor Control • Cerebellum and basal nuclei are ultimate planners and coordinators of complex motor activities • Complex motor behavior depends on complex patterns of control – Segmental level – Projection level – Precommand level ...
... Levels of Motor Control • Cerebellum and basal nuclei are ultimate planners and coordinators of complex motor activities • Complex motor behavior depends on complex patterns of control – Segmental level – Projection level – Precommand level ...
Heterotopic Transcallosal Projections Are Present throughout the
... located in layers II/III and to a lesser extent layer V of the cortex. Their axons form the corpus callosum thereby providing an inter-hemispheric connection in the brain. While transcallosal projection neurons have been described in some detail before, it is so far unclear whether they are uniforml ...
... located in layers II/III and to a lesser extent layer V of the cortex. Their axons form the corpus callosum thereby providing an inter-hemispheric connection in the brain. While transcallosal projection neurons have been described in some detail before, it is so far unclear whether they are uniforml ...
An Introduction to the ANS and Higher
... • 16-1 Compare the organization of the autonomic nervous system with that of the somatic nervous system. • 16-2 Describe the structures and functions of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. • 16-3 Describe the mechanisms of sympathetic neurotransmitter release and their effects ...
... • 16-1 Compare the organization of the autonomic nervous system with that of the somatic nervous system. • 16-2 Describe the structures and functions of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. • 16-3 Describe the mechanisms of sympathetic neurotransmitter release and their effects ...
DECISION MAKING AND THE BRAIN: NEUROLOGISTS` VIEW
... frontal cortex where the programmes and decisions finally transform into acts; these connections are called cortico-subcortico-frontal pathways. These connections are anatomical substrate for understanding the relationship between behaviour such as decision making and the brain. There are five pathw ...
... frontal cortex where the programmes and decisions finally transform into acts; these connections are called cortico-subcortico-frontal pathways. These connections are anatomical substrate for understanding the relationship between behaviour such as decision making and the brain. There are five pathw ...
REVIEWS - Department Of Biological Sciences Hunter College
... these constructs compete with endogenous classic cadherins for interactions with catenins and other cytoskeletal proteins. As the activity of classic cadherins relies on such interactions38, their depletion due to overexpression of the mutant cadherins causes downregulation of the endogenous cadheri ...
... these constructs compete with endogenous classic cadherins for interactions with catenins and other cytoskeletal proteins. As the activity of classic cadherins relies on such interactions38, their depletion due to overexpression of the mutant cadherins causes downregulation of the endogenous cadheri ...
Altered Fronto-Striatal and Fronto-Cerebellar Circuits in Heroin
... It must be pointed out that, from a view of the balance between local neuronal assemblies activities and global integrative processes upon which normal brain functions is primarily dependent [18], these researches mentioned above are all characterized with separately or isolatedly focusing on the ef ...
... It must be pointed out that, from a view of the balance between local neuronal assemblies activities and global integrative processes upon which normal brain functions is primarily dependent [18], these researches mentioned above are all characterized with separately or isolatedly focusing on the ef ...
brain computer interaction elg5121 (multimedia communication)
... experimental BCI started on animals: monkey and rats Several laboratories managed to record signals from monkey and rat cerebral cortex in order to operate BCIs ...
... experimental BCI started on animals: monkey and rats Several laboratories managed to record signals from monkey and rat cerebral cortex in order to operate BCIs ...
Introduction to Neural Networks "Energy" and attractor networks
... solve a random dot stereogram. In this case, if E(V) ends up in a local minimum, that is usually not a good solution. Later we will learn ways to get out of local minimum for constraint satisfaction problems. ...
... solve a random dot stereogram. In this case, if E(V) ends up in a local minimum, that is usually not a good solution. Later we will learn ways to get out of local minimum for constraint satisfaction problems. ...
65 Commentary - The Ideal DBS System The proliferation of DBS
... stimulation cathode phase, necessary to cause an action potential. Axons are excited at short pulse widths than cell bodies or dendrites. Another biophysical property that can be exploited is the refractory period that differs between axons, cell bodies and dendrites. If a pair of stimulation pulses ...
... stimulation cathode phase, necessary to cause an action potential. Axons are excited at short pulse widths than cell bodies or dendrites. Another biophysical property that can be exploited is the refractory period that differs between axons, cell bodies and dendrites. If a pair of stimulation pulses ...
The subtle body: an interoceptive map of central nervous system
... wake–sleep cycles, promote reactivity and insomnia, and contribute to mental conditions such as anxiety or depression.1,2,25,26 The subtle body is described as having a threefold structure. Although familiar images focus on its three axial channels and seven hubs, more complete models detail three m ...
... wake–sleep cycles, promote reactivity and insomnia, and contribute to mental conditions such as anxiety or depression.1,2,25,26 The subtle body is described as having a threefold structure. Although familiar images focus on its three axial channels and seven hubs, more complete models detail three m ...
Mirror Neurons in a New World Monkey, Common Marmoset
... the hand-food contact and Epoch 2 corresponds to a 1-s period starting 5 s before the hand-food contact (baseline response). The significance of the response when the animal was observing grasping action executed by the experimenter and when the animal itself was grasping was examined by comparing t ...
... the hand-food contact and Epoch 2 corresponds to a 1-s period starting 5 s before the hand-food contact (baseline response). The significance of the response when the animal was observing grasping action executed by the experimenter and when the animal itself was grasping was examined by comparing t ...
ACQ_and_the_Basal_Ganglia
... • Critic – learns value functions • Different actor-critic architectures have been proposed for learning different value functions: – V(s) = State values (most common) – V(a) = Action values – Q(s,a) = State, action pair values ...
... • Critic – learns value functions • Different actor-critic architectures have been proposed for learning different value functions: – V(s) = State values (most common) – V(a) = Action values – Q(s,a) = State, action pair values ...
Lab Activity 14 - Portland Community College
... Flexor Reflex • Withdrawal reflex • When pain receptors are activated it causes automatic withdrawal of the threatened body part. • Reciprocal inhibition: Interneurons in the spinal cord prevent a stretch reflex in the antagonistic muscles ...
... Flexor Reflex • Withdrawal reflex • When pain receptors are activated it causes automatic withdrawal of the threatened body part. • Reciprocal inhibition: Interneurons in the spinal cord prevent a stretch reflex in the antagonistic muscles ...
Involvement of the Caudal Medulla in Negative Feedback
... similar in all preparations, except for neurons recorded in group IV, which displayed a surprisingly low discharge rate. In sham-operated and in group I and II transected animals, increasing stimulus size from 4.8 to 18 cm2 resulted in a 35–40% reduction in the responses. In contrast, in groups III ...
... similar in all preparations, except for neurons recorded in group IV, which displayed a surprisingly low discharge rate. In sham-operated and in group I and II transected animals, increasing stimulus size from 4.8 to 18 cm2 resulted in a 35–40% reduction in the responses. In contrast, in groups III ...