• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Neural differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells
Neural differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells

... even with the best available protocols, differentiation is not uniquely neural. All of the available protocols for neural differentiation result in the generation of multiple cell types (often of more than one germ layer) and the progression from ES cell via a committed neural precursor to a fully d ...
III. NEURAL COMMUNICATION A. Resting Potential In this section
III. NEURAL COMMUNICATION A. Resting Potential In this section

... potential. In an all-or-nothing manner. A myelinized axon causes the action potential to travel faster because action potentials occurs at the nodes. A highly stimulated cell will fire repeatedly in a short period of time. ...
ATP-Sensitive K+ Channels in the Brain: Sensors of
ATP-Sensitive K+ Channels in the Brain: Sensors of

... differing sensitivities to metabolic inhibition and proposed a novel mechanism of the selective vulnerability of some dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson’s disease. They showed that neurons with --cell-type KATP channels, which comprise Kir6.2 and SUR1, have the highest metabolic sensitivity and that ...
Keshara Senanayake Page # 1 -an individual nerve cells is called
Keshara Senanayake Page # 1 -an individual nerve cells is called

... -as wave of (+) charge passes a given point, the resting potential is restored as K+ flows out -action potentials are "all or none" reach threshold = only way for action potential >synaptic terminal contains many neurotransmitter-filled vesicles ---> action potential enters synaptic terminal --> ves ...
Nervous System Reading from SparkNotes
Nervous System Reading from SparkNotes

... transmission are highly specialized cells known as neurons, which are the functional unit of the nervous system. The neuron is an elongated cell that usually consists of three main parts: the dendrites, the cell body, and the axon. The typical neuron contains many dendrites, which have the appearanc ...
Gnostic cells in the 21st century
Gnostic cells in the 21st century

... would happen if this neuron dies? (Nothing, because they are other neurons encoding the same concept.) In the case described above, if a neuron firing to Jennifer Aniston was found, then there had to be more because the chance of finding the one and only among billions is neglectable (Waydo et al. 2 ...
The Nervous System 35-2
The Nervous System 35-2

Basics of Anatomy.pub
Basics of Anatomy.pub

... First examines the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food that occurs in the mouth and stomach before  looking at diges on and absorp on in the small intes ne and the enzymes and other chemicals secreted by  the liver, gall bladder, and pancreas that aid in the process. The program then looks at  ...
PP text version
PP text version

...  a refractory period follows action potential because Na channels turn themselves off (inactivate) and take some time to recover. The nerve can’t be stimulated again until they recover.  the speed that the action potential travels (propagates) is determined by a) the diameter of the axon: larger i ...
Neuron Structure and Function
Neuron Structure and Function

... – Contains half of the neurons in the brain Medulla oblongata – located at the top of the spinal cord ...
Exam - McLoon Lab
Exam - McLoon Lab

IGZO thin film transistor biosensors functionalized
IGZO thin film transistor biosensors functionalized

Biology 2401 Anatomy and Physiology I notes
Biology 2401 Anatomy and Physiology I notes

... ions in (these pumps require ATP energy) - some K+ leaks out through K+ leak channels (open channels) - most Na+ cannot move back into the cell because the Na+ channels are gated - many of the large protein molecules in the cell have negative charges - the result is a positively charged intercellula ...
Chapter Objectives - Website of Neelay Gandhi
Chapter Objectives - Website of Neelay Gandhi

... Know that the local inhibitory interneurons, excited by glutamate, released by 1A afferents, release glycine. Know that many other inhibitory interneurons in the spinal cord release glycine, and that some release the inhibitory neurotransmitter, GABA. Glycine released in ventral horn and binds to mo ...
Implications in absence epileptic seizures
Implications in absence epileptic seizures

... Vergnes, M., & Marescaux, C. (1992) Cortical and thalamic lesions in rats with genetic absence epilepsy. J. Neural Transmission 35 (Suppl.), 71-83. ...
31.1 Really Neurons
31.1 Really Neurons

... interneurons or motor neurons ...
Ch 7 - Nervous system
Ch 7 - Nervous system

Chapter 11 Marieb
Chapter 11 Marieb

ángeles garcía pardo
ángeles garcía pardo

... sensory perception such as binocular vision or in the control of movements. The integration of sensory inputs coming from both sides of the nervous system is possible thanks to the existence of commissural fibers that project from one side to the other during embryonic development. Axon midline cros ...
Lesson 33 - UBC Zoology
Lesson 33 - UBC Zoology

... The autonomic nervous system: conducts information to cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glands (i.e. viscera, glands, heart and blood vessels). The autonomic nervous system has two functional sub-divisions: - sympathetic nervous system - parasympathetic nervous system Autonomic Nervous System In th ...
Pontine Respiratory Center
Pontine Respiratory Center

... lungs. The threshold for this reflex is tidal volume more than 1.5 litres(T.V.≥1.5l) ...
Key Elements of Sensation
Key Elements of Sensation

242 BLADDER AFFERENT NEURONS SELECTIVELY INTERACT
242 BLADDER AFFERENT NEURONS SELECTIVELY INTERACT

... release neuropeptides to regulate urothelial function [1]. It has been demonstrated that neurotrophic viruses injected into the L6S1 dorsal root ganglia (DRG) can transfect the entire urothelium [2]. However, this study could not determine which urothelial layers communicate directly with afferent n ...
Current concepts in central nervous system regeneration
Current concepts in central nervous system regeneration

Chapter 48 – Nervous Systems
Chapter 48 – Nervous Systems

... In our model, the membrane is only permeable to K+, and the Nernst equation can be used to calculate EK, the equilibrium potential for K+. ...
< 1 ... 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 ... 420 >

Channelrhodopsin



Channelrhodopsins are a subfamily of retinylidene proteins (rhodopsins) that function as light-gated ion channels. They serve as sensory photoreceptors in unicellular green algae, controlling phototaxis: movement in response to light. Expressed in cells of other organisms, they enable light to control electrical excitability, intracellular acidity, calcium influx, and other cellular processes. Channelrhodopsin-1 (ChR1) and Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) from the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii are the first discovered channelrhodopsins. Variants have been cloned from other algal species, and more are expected.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report