Long distance transport of ultracold atoms using a 1D optical lattice
... (nG − 1)(R − r 0 )/ tan δ and consequently to a phase shift k∆s̃(r 0 ). We assume that the optical element is illuminated with an ideal plane wave. The electric field can be written as a sum of spherical waves coming from the optical element, which is located in the z = 0 plane. In cylindrical coord ...
... (nG − 1)(R − r 0 )/ tan δ and consequently to a phase shift k∆s̃(r 0 ). We assume that the optical element is illuminated with an ideal plane wave. The electric field can be written as a sum of spherical waves coming from the optical element, which is located in the z = 0 plane. In cylindrical coord ...
KNIGHT™ LIQUID LEVEL ALARM SERIES
... HLA-4X-X The HLA-4X-X provides constant monitoring of potential threatening liquid level conditions at multiple alarm points. The HLA-4X-X is available in a variety of models ranging from 2-10 alarm point monitoring. Features: • 120/208/240VAC, single phase, 60Hz • NEMA 4X polycarbonate enclosure w ...
... HLA-4X-X The HLA-4X-X provides constant monitoring of potential threatening liquid level conditions at multiple alarm points. The HLA-4X-X is available in a variety of models ranging from 2-10 alarm point monitoring. Features: • 120/208/240VAC, single phase, 60Hz • NEMA 4X polycarbonate enclosure w ...
PHYS 272: Matter and Interactions II -
... Atom contains charged particles: electrons (-e), protons (+e) Neutral atom: number of electrons and protons is equal: Example: Hydrogen atom: 1 proton, 1 electron net charge = (+e) + (-e)=0 Sodium atom: 11 protons, 11 electrons Sodium atom (Na) can lose an electron: Sodium ion (Na+): (+11e) + (-10e) ...
... Atom contains charged particles: electrons (-e), protons (+e) Neutral atom: number of electrons and protons is equal: Example: Hydrogen atom: 1 proton, 1 electron net charge = (+e) + (-e)=0 Sodium atom: 11 protons, 11 electrons Sodium atom (Na) can lose an electron: Sodium ion (Na+): (+11e) + (-10e) ...
Remanent Magnetisation in Hemo-Ilmenite - X
... Figure 2.4: Canted antiferromagnetic ordering. 2.5. This can also occur in ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic materials being heated to a temperature where the spin fluctuations because of thermal energy are so strong that they do not align. The spins in paramagnets can align in the presence of an ...
... Figure 2.4: Canted antiferromagnetic ordering. 2.5. This can also occur in ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic materials being heated to a temperature where the spin fluctuations because of thermal energy are so strong that they do not align. The spins in paramagnets can align in the presence of an ...
Nanoelectrical analysis of single molecules and atomic
... inset). The variations in the local composition of the spacer layer probably originating from the corrugations in the underlying metallic surface are captured in the in situ STM snapshot (Fig. 1d, regions colour coded in green and yellow). Atomic-scale simulations of film formation support the in si ...
... inset). The variations in the local composition of the spacer layer probably originating from the corrugations in the underlying metallic surface are captured in the in situ STM snapshot (Fig. 1d, regions colour coded in green and yellow). Atomic-scale simulations of film formation support the in si ...
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... Figure 4: (a) SRS and (b) streaked Thomson spectra from shot 12831 where EPWs were probed outside of the SHS. The broad SRS spectrum does not directly correlate to the numerous spectrotemporal events observed in the streaked Thomson image. These EPWs could be the result of beaming electrons interact ...
... Figure 4: (a) SRS and (b) streaked Thomson spectra from shot 12831 where EPWs were probed outside of the SHS. The broad SRS spectrum does not directly correlate to the numerous spectrotemporal events observed in the streaked Thomson image. These EPWs could be the result of beaming electrons interact ...
Vacuum Ultraviolet Spectroscopy and Photochemistry of Zinc
... large excess of the host gas (deuterium or methane) onto an LiF window at 4 K. This was the minimum temperature attainable on the sample holder, with the Leybold−Heraeus flow-through liquid helium cryostat used. All of the host materials used in the present study, Ne, Ar, D2, H2, and CH4, are transpa ...
... large excess of the host gas (deuterium or methane) onto an LiF window at 4 K. This was the minimum temperature attainable on the sample holder, with the Leybold−Heraeus flow-through liquid helium cryostat used. All of the host materials used in the present study, Ne, Ar, D2, H2, and CH4, are transpa ...
Article Reference - Archive ouverte UNIGE
... experiments, deviations from the logarithmic dependence of M have been observed, indicating a failure of the approximations that bring this expectation.44,47 In the framework of the collective pinning theory a more complex expression for the dependence of the potential energy barrier height (the so- ...
... experiments, deviations from the logarithmic dependence of M have been observed, indicating a failure of the approximations that bring this expectation.44,47 In the framework of the collective pinning theory a more complex expression for the dependence of the potential energy barrier height (the so- ...
Physical Science Concept Review Worksheets with Answer Keys
... to gas, and from gas back to liquid. a. Energy must be added/released (choose one) to separate the water molecules as ice melts. b. The fastest/slowest (choose one) moving molecules break away from the surface of liquid water to form water vapor. c. The process described in (b) is called ___________ ...
... to gas, and from gas back to liquid. a. Energy must be added/released (choose one) to separate the water molecules as ice melts. b. The fastest/slowest (choose one) moving molecules break away from the surface of liquid water to form water vapor. c. The process described in (b) is called ___________ ...
Orbital-Exchange and Fractional Quantum Number Excitations in an
... It is generally believed that fractional quantum excitations such as spinons in one-dimensional (1D) spin chains only proliferate and govern magnetism in systems with small and isotropic atomic magnetic moments, such as spin−1/2 Cu2+ . In contrast, large and anisotropic orbital-dominated moments, su ...
... It is generally believed that fractional quantum excitations such as spinons in one-dimensional (1D) spin chains only proliferate and govern magnetism in systems with small and isotropic atomic magnetic moments, such as spin−1/2 Cu2+ . In contrast, large and anisotropic orbital-dominated moments, su ...
A Review of Fusion and Tokamak Research Towards Steady
... who showed that one out of 7,000 hydrogen atoms is deuterium. The bound state of a proton and a neutron to form deuterium can be treated as a two-body problem of nuclear force between neutron and proton originated from the meson exchange forces, as predicted by Japanese Nobel Prize Winner Hideki Yuk ...
... who showed that one out of 7,000 hydrogen atoms is deuterium. The bound state of a proton and a neutron to form deuterium can be treated as a two-body problem of nuclear force between neutron and proton originated from the meson exchange forces, as predicted by Japanese Nobel Prize Winner Hideki Yuk ...
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... • I remains a good quantum number for values of the magnetic field below those for which the avoided crossings appear. • For large values of the magnetic field the individual projections of the nuclear spins become good quantum numbers. ...
... • I remains a good quantum number for values of the magnetic field below those for which the avoided crossings appear. • For large values of the magnetic field the individual projections of the nuclear spins become good quantum numbers. ...
Modeling Multifrequency Eddy Current Sensor Interactions During Verticial Bridgman Growth of Semiconductors
... furnace, the frequently opaque nature of the crucible/ ampoule ~e.g., p-BN or carbon coated quartz!, and the often poor optical transmission of the charge material at its melting point. However, several other possibilities exist for semiconducting materials because of sometimes large differences in ...
... furnace, the frequently opaque nature of the crucible/ ampoule ~e.g., p-BN or carbon coated quartz!, and the often poor optical transmission of the charge material at its melting point. However, several other possibilities exist for semiconducting materials because of sometimes large differences in ...
Electronic transport properties of quasicrystals: a Review
... We show, in figure fig2, recent results where the conductivity of a small cubic approximant α − AlSiCuF e (with a unit cell parameter of a = 12, 33Å) is compared to that of an icosahedral phase of AlCuF e22 . The difference of the absolute conductivity is very small and in addition, the behavior of ...
... We show, in figure fig2, recent results where the conductivity of a small cubic approximant α − AlSiCuF e (with a unit cell parameter of a = 12, 33Å) is compared to that of an icosahedral phase of AlCuF e22 . The difference of the absolute conductivity is very small and in addition, the behavior of ...
State of matter
In physics, a state of matter is one of the distinct forms that matter takes on. Four states of matter are observable in everyday life: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. Many other states are known, such as Bose–Einstein condensates and neutron-degenerate matter, but these only occur in extreme situations such as ultra cold or ultra dense matter. Other states, such as quark–gluon plasmas, are believed to be possible but remain theoretical for now. For a complete list of all exotic states of matter, see the list of states of matter.Historically, the distinction is made based on qualitative differences in properties. Matter in the solid state maintains a fixed volume and shape, with component particles (atoms, molecules or ions) close together and fixed into place. Matter in the liquid state maintains a fixed volume, but has a variable shape that adapts to fit its container. Its particles are still close together but move freely. Matter in the gaseous state has both variable volume and shape, adapting both to fit its container. Its particles are neither close together nor fixed in place. Matter in the plasma state has variable volume and shape, but as well as neutral atoms, it contains a significant number of ions and electrons, both of which can move around freely. Plasma is the most common form of visible matter in the universe.The term phase is sometimes used as a synonym for state of matter, but a system can contain several immiscible phases of the same state of matter (see Phase (matter) for more discussion of the difference between the two terms).