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IN SITU OF PILOCARPINE Research Article
IN SITU OF PILOCARPINE Research Article

... drug exists in the pre-corneal and corneal spaces. The pre-corneal constraints responsible for the poor ocular bioavailability of conventional ophthalmic dosage forms (ointments, drops, lotions, suspensions) are solution drainage, lacrimation, tear dilution, tear turnover and conjunctival absorption ...
Over The Counter drugs during Pregnancy
Over The Counter drugs during Pregnancy

... Pregnant women commonly use over-the-counter medications. Although most overthe-counter drugs have an excellent safety profile, some have unproven safety or are known to adversely affect the fetus. The safety profile of some medications may change according to the gestational age of the fetus. Becau ...
Toxicological Findings in Cases of Alleged Drug
Toxicological Findings in Cases of Alleged Drug

... There were 23 cases (2%) of poly-drug use (i.e. three or more drugs detected). Alcohol was detected in 39% of these cases. A breakdown of the drugs detected in the 23 cases is shown in Table 8. The most common combination of three illicit drugs was cannabis, cocaine and Ecstasy. One sample contained ...
In understanding the affects of the psychoactive drugs to be
In understanding the affects of the psychoactive drugs to be

... Recent studies seem to indicate that there are greater physical concerns related to the use of marijuana than previously believed. The effects on the respiratory system of a single joint are equivalent to smoking fifteen cigarettes. Marijuana has at least 50% more tar and carcinogenic materials than ...
Contamination of Herbal Medicines
Contamination of Herbal Medicines

... Plausible explanations for heavy metal adulterants or contaminants • There are several plausible explanations for the presence of heavy metals in Asian herbal medicines. • Heavy metals could be included intentionally for alleged medicinal properties. Traditional Indian schools of medicine (Ayurvedi ...
Combination Chemotherapy in Cancer: Principles, Evaluation and
Combination Chemotherapy in Cancer: Principles, Evaluation and

... drug interactions. Information obtained from clinical protocols is valuable, but is timeconsuming, expensive and does not provide data on the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of drug interaction at cellular level resulted from combined treatments (Zoli et al., 2001). It is very difficult to dete ...
Handbook of Extemporaneous Preparation
Handbook of Extemporaneous Preparation

... All formulae used for extemporaneous preparation should be validated and have supporting stability data. Suitable sources include pharmacopoeial formulations, industry-generated expert reports and published papers. However, it is recognised that there is a lack of standardised formulae available, le ...
FORMULATION AND IN VITRO EVALUATION OF NIOSOMAL POVIDONE –IODINE CARRIERS
FORMULATION AND IN VITRO EVALUATION OF NIOSOMAL POVIDONE –IODINE CARRIERS

... necrosis of the skin resembling chemical burns, in some exceptionally severe cases [3]. Hence a delivery system allowing slow release of this antiseptic needs to be explored. Previously researchers have experimented with the encapsulation of PVP-I within liposomes in order to improve its efficacy, t ...
Medicare Part D and Prescription Drug Utilization
Medicare Part D and Prescription Drug Utilization

... stopped prescription regimens due to cost-related issues, gaining coverage is associated with large reductions (20-50%) in the incidence of cost-related non-adherence. However, even among the uninsured, only a relatively small proportion of drugs (12%) are associated with episodes of cost-related no ...
Rise of Hallucinogen Use
Rise of Hallucinogen Use

... heroin or cocaine. Although their realitydistorting effects may make them attractive and reinforce repeated usage, most hallucinogens are not physiologically addictive in the same way that opiates or even sedatives are; that is, if tolerance is established, hallucinogens do not produce long-term phy ...
A study of prescription pattern of Non steroidal anti
A study of prescription pattern of Non steroidal anti

... The study has got few limitations. Duration of study was short (five months) hence effect of seasonal variation on NSAID prescription pattern could not be determined. Study was conducted only in medicine department (due to rural set up, this department handles maximum patient load) and other clinica ...
Overview of Vinca Alkaloids
Overview of Vinca Alkaloids

Comments Submitted by Immel Resources LLC
Comments Submitted by Immel Resources LLC

... companies concerns the use of automated equipment, why would the agency propose loosening current requirements? The other controversial point is that eliminating a double check for verifying cleaning or adding materials to the batch is problematic – because an error in those operations would be diff ...
1 Diosynth Biotechnology – Riding the Biomanufacturing Wave
1 Diosynth Biotechnology – Riding the Biomanufacturing Wave

isotonics_2012_part2
isotonics_2012_part2

... Eye drops commonly use boric acid to adjust the tonicity. You are asked to prepare an isotonic formulation of 6.25% streptomycin sulfate (SCE = 0.06) and 0.5% chlorbutol (SCE = 0.24). What amount of boric acid (SCE = 0.5) is necessary? ...
Inglés
Inglés

... formulated using quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion technique. The technique used for the fabrication is very simple, replicable and quick [11]. Eudragit RS 100 and polyvinyl alcohol were used as microsponges forming polymer and surfactant respectively. 23 factorial design was applied for the optimiza ...
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF TOPICAL VALDECOXIB GEL Research Article
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF TOPICAL VALDECOXIB GEL Research Article

... was within 15 minutes. The study confirmed that valdecoxib gel (1%) is an effective and safe option for the management of painful inflammatory joint condition8-9. Although the gel formulation of valdecoxib seems to be highly useful, there is lack of literature on the formulation and evaluation of va ...
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHODS FOR ESTIMATION  OF FORMOTEROL BULK DRUG AND ITS PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS 
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHODS FOR ESTIMATION  OF FORMOTEROL BULK DRUG AND ITS PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS 

... Three  simple,  sensitive,  selective,  accurate,  precise  and  economical  methods  (method  A,  B  and  C)  have  been  developed  for  the  quantitative  estimation of Formetrol in bulk drug and its pharmaceutical formulations. Methods were based on the formation of coloured chromogens. Which  w ...
Drugs and the Drug Laws: Historical and Cultural Contexts
Drugs and the Drug Laws: Historical and Cultural Contexts

... substances more for their perceived relationship to unpopular social groups than for any deleterious effects of the drugs themselves.23 Thus, drug prohibition has been a means through which dominant cultural or social groups act to preserve their own prestige and lifestyle against threats to the est ...
PSA Questions Adverse Drug Reactions Template
PSA Questions Adverse Drug Reactions Template

... This is a Prescribing Skills Assessment created by the Medical Schools Council and British Pharmacological Society with the aim of assessing knowledge, skills and judgement related to prescribing medicines. ...
Strategies and Challenges Involved in the Discovery of
Strategies and Challenges Involved in the Discovery of

... Downloaded from http://jid.oxfordjournals.org/ by guest on June 16, 2015 ...
High Cost Drugs policy - Province of British Columbia
High Cost Drugs policy - Province of British Columbia

...  most cost-effective brand drug in the LCA category when there is more than one brand drug in the category;  LCA drug comparator of another LCA category consisting of drugs with the same active ingredient or combination of active ingredients but a different strength, when there is no brand drug in ...
Formulation and Evaluation of Trimetazidine Dihydrochloride
Formulation and Evaluation of Trimetazidine Dihydrochloride

... release behaviour. Similarity factor (f2) analysis: In vitro drug release profile of the marketed trimetzidine dihydrochloride sustained release tablets was compared with the drug release profile of test product under similar experimental conditions. The data obtained from this drug release studies ...
v. designs of exposure
v. designs of exposure

... A dose-response study is one kind of adequate and well-controlled trial that can provide primary clinical evidence of effectiveness. The dose-response study is a particularly informative design, allowing observations of benefits and risks at different doses and therefore providing an ability to weig ...
1 - Physical Pharmacy Laboratory
1 - Physical Pharmacy Laboratory

... A solute distributes itself between two immiscible solvents so that the ratio of its concentration in each solvent is equal to the ratio of its solubility in each one ...
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Compounding

Pharmaceutical compounding (done in compounding pharmacies) is the creation of a particular pharmaceutical product to fit the unique need of a patient. To do this, compounding pharmacists combine or process appropriate ingredients using various tools. This may be done for medically necessary reasons, such as to change the form of the medication from a solid pill to a liquid, to avoid a non-essential ingredient that the patient is allergic to, or to obtain the exact dose(s) needed or deemed best of particular active pharmaceutical ingredient(s). It may also be done for more optional reasons, such as adding flavors to a medication or otherwise altering taste or texture. Compounding is most routine in the case of intravenous/parenteral medication, typically by hospital pharmacists, but is also offered by privately owned compounding pharmacies and certain retail pharmacies for various forms of medication. Whether routine or rare, intravenous or oral, etc., when a given drug product is made or modified to have characteristics that are specifically prescribed for an individual patient, it is known as ""traditional"" compounding.Due to the rising cost of compounding and the shortage of drugs, many hospitals have shown a tendency to rely more upon large-scale compounding pharmacies to meet their regular requirement, particularly of sterile-injectable medications. When compounding is done on bulk production of a given formulation rather than patient-specific production, it is known as ""non-traditional"" compounding (which, as discussed below, is arguably not ""compounding"" but rather ""manufacturing""). This development raises concerns about patient safety and makes a case for proper regulatory control and monitoring.
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